Note: Front Cover -- Current Trends in Estuarine and Coastal Dynamics -- Current Trends in Estuarine and Coastal DynamicsEstuarine and Coastal Sciences SeriesObservations and ModellingVolume 4Edit ... -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 - Introduction -- 1. Background -- 2. Scopes -- Acknowledgments -- 2 - A review of coastal in situ sea surface temperature observations-The Australian and adjacent waters highlighted -- 1. Introduction -- 2. SST from ships -- 2.1 VOS and SOOP -- 2.2 Ship-based observing methods -- 2.2.1 Buckets -- 2.2.2 Engine room intake -- 2.2.3 Hull-contact and through-hull sensors -- 2.2.4 Shipborne IR radiometer -- 2.2.4.1 SISTeR -- 2.2.4.2 M-AERI -- 2.2.4.3 ISAR -- 2.3 IMOS ship SST -- 3. SST from coastal moorings -- 3.1 Mooring history and surface float designs -- 3.2 CM SSTs in satellite cal/val -- 3.3 Australian National Mooring Network -- 3.3.1 National reference stations -- 3.3.2 Regional array moorings -- 4. SST from other platforms -- 4.1 Drifting buoys -- 4.2 XBT -- 4.3 Gliders -- 4.4 Wave buoys -- 4.5 Sea level stations -- 5. Data communication, management, and acquisition -- 5.1 Data communication -- 5.1.1 Argos and Iridium system -- 5.1.2 Traditional ship SST transmission -- 5.2 Popular In Situ SST products -- 5.2.1 ICOADS -- 5.2.2 iQuam -- 5.2.3 CMEMS -- 5.3 Australian ocean data network -- 6. Discussion and conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 - Satellite remote sensing based coastal bathymetry inversion -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Coastal bathymetry from satellite altimeter -- 2.1 Introduction of satellite altimeter -- 2.2 Detection method for ICESat-2 signal photons -- 2.3 Bathymetric correction for seafloor photons -- 3. Coastal bathymetry estimated by wave theory from satellite altimeter -- 4. Coastal bathymetry from satellite multispectral imagery. , 4.1 Introduction of satellite multispectral imagery -- 4.2 Methods and accuracy of obtaining coastal bathymetry from satellite multispectral imagery -- 5. Case studies of satellite-based coastal bathymetry inversion -- 5.1 Case study 1 -- 5.2 Case study 2 -- 5.3 Case study 3 -- 5.4 Case study 4 -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- 4 - Coastal and near-coastal eddies transient but significant coastal features -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Definition -- 1.2 Importance in coastal systems -- 2. Physical mechanisms underlying formation and evolution -- 2.1 Physical mechanisms -- 2.2 Additional influencing factors -- 3. Observations and measurements -- 3.1 Observation techniques -- 3.2 Limitations of detection and measurement -- 3.2.1 Spatial and temporal coverage -- 4. Influence on coastal processes -- 4.1 Ecological impacts -- 4.1.1 Nutrient enrichment and primary production -- 4.2 Physical impacts on coastal processes -- 4.3 Impacts on marine resources and fisheries -- 5. Coastal eddies and climate change -- 5.1 Potential changes in coastal eddy characteristics -- 5.2 Future research directions -- 5.2.1 Quantifying eddy-climate interactions -- 5.2.2 Eddy-driven nutrient transport and biological responses -- 5.2.3 Coastal resilience and ecosystem-based adaptation -- 5.2.4 Integrated observational networks -- 5.2.5 Community engagement and socio-economic implications -- 5.2.6 Global collaboration and knowledge sharing -- 6. Summary and conclusions -- 6.1 Coastal and near-coastal eddies: dominant players on the global stage -- 6.2 Navigating the eddy landscape -- 6.3 Drivers of connectivity and resilience -- 6.4 Agents of local and global change -- 6.5 A story of balance and complexity -- 6.6 Unveiling complexity and ecological significance -- 6.7 Impact on human society and adaptation -- 6.8 Climate-change nexus and uncharted waters. , 6.9 Integrated research and multidisciplinary collaboration -- 6.10 Stewardship and sustainability -- AI disclosure -- References -- 5 - Stratification asymmetries and its impacts on residual flows in the Sydney Estuary, New South Wales -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Field observation -- 3. Numerical model -- 3.1 Model description -- 3.2 Model configuration -- 3.3 Forcing fields and limitation -- 3.3.1 External forcing -- 3.4 Catchment-Estuary continuum modeling -- 3.5 Bottom friction sensitivity test -- 3.6 Design of numerical experiments -- 4. Model validation -- 4.1 Error statistics -- 4.2 Tidal elevations -- 4.3 Bottom current and salinity -- 4.4 Model limitations -- 5. Results and discussion -- 5.1 M2 and K1 amplitudes -- 5.2 Current velocity -- 5.3 Stratification asymmetry -- 5.4 Residual currents -- 5.4.1 Tide-induced residual circulation -- 5.4.2 Salinity gradients and freshwater inflow induced residual circulation -- 5.4.3 Residual flow mechanisms -- 6. Conclusions -- 7. Appendix-Additional survey data -- 7.1 Cross-channel transects and monthly discrete samplings -- 7.2 Sediment model setup and compared to observations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 - Recent methods for sediment provenance in coastal areas: Advancements and applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Geochemical method -- 2.1 Heavy minerals analysis and fingerprints techniques -- 2.2 Rare earth elements method -- 3. Numerical model method -- 3.1 Coastal dynamics model -- 3.2 Lagrangian particle-tracking model -- 4. Other sediment provenance methods -- 4.1 Grain size distribution analysis -- 4.2 Luminescence as a sediment tracer -- 4.3 Independent component analysis (ICA) -- 4.4 Q-mode factor analysis -- 4.5 Quantitative provenance analysis -- 4.6 Statistical provenance analysis -- 5. Comparison of methods for sediment provenance in coastal areas. , 6. A case study in the Yalu River Estuary, China -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Study area and field surveys -- 6.2.1 Study area -- 6.2.2 Sediment-samples collection -- 6.2.3 In-situ hydrodynamics data collection -- 6.3 Data and methods -- 6.3.1 REE geochemistry -- 6.3.2 Elemental analysis of REE -- 6.3.3 Hydrodynamic simulation -- 6.3.4 Three-dimensional particle resuspension and tracking model -- 6.4 REE geochemistry of sediments in the YRE -- 6.4.1 Profiles of REE fractionation factors -- 6.4.2 Spatial distribution pattern of REE sedimentation in the YRE -- 6.5 Numerical simulations of sediment dynamics in the YRE -- 6.5.1 Hydrodynamic model -- 6.5.2 Particle resuspension and tracking model -- 6.5.3 Sediment provenance in the YRE under human impacts -- 7. Conclusion and future perspective -- Copyright declaration -- References -- 7 - Hydrologic and sediment investigation in coastal zones -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Tidal observation method -- 2.1 Tidal level -- 2.2 Observation methods -- 2.2.1 Observation equipment -- 2.2.2 Observation interval -- 2.2.3 Establishing a benchmark level -- 2.2.4 Observation of tide gauge wells -- 2.2.5 Remote sensing observations -- 3. Current and wave observation method -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Current observation methods -- 3.3 The current meter -- 3.3.1 The mechanical current meter -- 3.3.2 The electromagnetic current meter -- 3.3.3 The Doppler current meter -- 3.3.4 The acoustic Doppler current profiler -- 3.3.5 Remote sensing current measurement -- 4. Wave observation method -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Selection of observation sites -- 4.3 Observation methods and contents -- 4.3.1 Methods -- 4.3.2 Contents -- 4.3.3 Instruments -- 4.3.4 Satellite remote sensing -- 5. Temperature and salinity observation -- 5.1 Seawater temperature introduction -- 5.2 Seawater temperature observation methods. , 5.3 Salinity observation introduction -- 5.4 Salinity observation method -- 6. Sea ice observation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Sea water icing and salinity -- 6.3 Types of sea ice -- 6.4 Ice age and ice conditions -- 6.5 Site selection for sea ice observatories -- 6.6 Observations of ice volume and ice floe density -- 6.7 Observations of ice type and external characteristics of ice and ice shape -- 6.8 Observations of ice floe motion parameters and fixed ice accumulation conditions -- 7. Ocean color and transparency -- 7.1 Ocean color -- 7.2 Transparency -- 7.3 Ocean color and transparency observation -- 8. Marine meteorological observation -- 8.1 Contents of marine meteorological observation -- 8.2 Visibility observation -- 8.3 Cloud observation -- 8.3.1 Cloud classification -- 8.3.2 Cloud shape observation -- 8.4 Air temperature and humidity -- 8.5 Wind observation -- 8.6 Barometric pressure observation -- 9. Conclusions -- References -- 8 - Historical changes of hydro and sediment dynamics due to coastline changes in Hangzhou Bay, China -- 1. Impacts of coastline changes on hydro and sediment dynamics -- 1.1 Introduction to coastline and coastline changes -- 1.1.1 Coastline -- 1.1.2 Coastline changes -- 1.1.2.1 When and where coastline changes -- 1.1.2.2 How coastline changes? -- 1.2 Calculation of coastline changes -- 1.2.1 Methods to extract waterlines -- 1.2.2 Methods to extract coastlines -- 1.3 Impacts of coastline changes on hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics -- 1.3.1 Impacts of coastline changes on tides -- 1.3.2 Impacts of coastline changes on flow -- 1.3.3 Impacts of coastline changes on sediment transport -- 2. A case study in Hangzhou Bay, China: Coastline changes due to tidal flat reclamation -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Numerical model and experiments -- 2.3 Model results and discussions. , 2.3.1 Hydro and sediment dynamics of the reference model.

Note: Front Cover -- Sediment Dynamics of Chinese Muddy Coasts and Estuaries: Physics, Biology and their Interactions -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Jiaozhou Bay -- 1. Background -- 1.1. Coastline and Morphology -- 1.2. Hydrodynamics -- 1.3. Sediment Transport -- 1.4. Water Quality -- 1.5. Biology -- 2. Environmental Responses to Human Interventions -- 2.1. Coastline Change -- 2.2. Hydrodynamics -- 2.3. Sediment Transport -- 2.4. Water Quality -- 2.5. Biology -- 2.5.1. Succession of Species, Biomass, and Biodiversity of Halobios -- 2.5.2. Ecological Disasters -- 3. Environmental Management -- 3.1. Case Study: Cross-Sea Bridge -- 3.2. Case Study: Hongdao Channel -- 3.3. Politics and Laws -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Muddy Coast Off Jiangsu, China: Physical, Ecological, and Anthropogenic Processes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Physical Control -- 2.1. Hydrodynamics -- 2.2. Sediment Source -- 2.3. Sediment Transport -- 3. Ecological Control -- 3.1. Impact of Marsh Introduction on Sedimentation -- 3.2. Impact of Salt Marsh on Ecosystem -- 4. Human Intervention -- 4.1. Reclamation -- 4.2. Aquaculture -- 4.3. Shoreline Protection Engineering -- 4.4. Damming -- 5. Weakness of Current Studies on Jiangsu Mudflat -- 6. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4: Changjiang Estuary -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Numerical Model -- 3. Dynamic Factors Controlling the Water Movement in the Changjiang Estuary -- 3.1. Runoff -- 3.2. Tide -- 3.3. Wind -- 3.4. Residual Current -- 4. Saltwater Intrusion -- 4.1. Impact of Wind -- 4.2. Impact of Sea Level Rise -- 4.3. Impact of Major Projects -- 5. Hypoxia off the River Mouth -- 6. Summary -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 5: Changes in the Hydrodynamics of Hangzhou Bay Due to Land Reclamation in the Past 60 Years. , 1. Introduction -- 2. Urbanization -- 3. Changes of Physical Environment -- 3.1. Field Data Analysis -- 3.2. Numerical Study of Changes of Tides in the Bay -- 3.2.1. Model Setup and Validation -- 3.2.2. Changes of Tidal Range -- 3.2.3. Changes of Currents -- 3.2.4. Changes of Main Tidal Channel -- 3.2.5. Changes of Residual Currents -- 4. Discussion -- 4.1. The Impact of Coastal Engineering on the Tidal Bore -- 4.2. The Stability of the Bay Under the Impact of Coastal Engineering -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6: Marine Environmental Status and Blue Bay Remediation in Xiamen -- 1. Climatology, Hydrology, and Geology -- 2. Biodiversity and Ecological Disasters -- 3. Human Interventions: Reclamation and Its Environmental Impacts -- 3.1. Extensive Reclamation Works in Xiamen Bay From the Year 1955 -- 3.2. Environmental Impacts -- 4. Modeling Approach -- 4.1. Introduction of the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC): A Powerful Tool for Coastal Environmental Management -- 4.2. Application of EFDC to Study Suspended Sediment Concentration in Xiamen Bay -- 4.2.1. Setting Up a Numerical Model for Xiamen Bay -- 4.2.2. Temporal and Spatial Variation of SSC in Tidal Cycles -- 4.2.3. Dredging-Produced SSC Increment and Marine Pollution -- 5. Recommendations and Future Steps -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 7: Coastal Dynamics and Sediment Resuspension in Laizhou Bay -- 1. Laizhou Bay -- 2. Meteorological Climate -- 3. Coastal Dynamics -- 3.1. Astronomic Tides and Currents -- 3.2. Coastal Waves -- 4. Sediment Transport -- 4.1. Sediment Type -- 4.2. Sediment Settling Velocity -- 4.3. Sediment Resuspension -- 5. Human Impact -- 5.1. Coastal Land Reclamation -- 5.2. River Reservoir Construction -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 8: Remarks -- Index -- Back Cover.