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  • 1
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Ostsee ; Schadstoffbelastung ; Geschichte 2005
    In: 2007
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 129 S , graph. Darst., Kt
    Series Statement: Die Schwermetallsituation in der Ostsee 2007
    Language: German
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  • 2
  • 3
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 69 S , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISSN: 0939-396X
    Series Statement: Meereswissenschaftliche Berichte 35
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 65 - 69
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Karlsruhe : Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Wissenschaftliche Berichte des Forschungszentrums Karlsruhe 7398
    DDC: 660.29
    Language: German
    Note: Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell cycle ; Chlamydomonas ; Cell wall ; Autolysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In light-dark-synchronized cultures of the unicellular green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtii, release of zoospores from the wall of the mother cell normally takes place during the second half of the dark period. The recently isolated mutant ‘ls’, however, needs light for the liberation of zoospores when grown photoautotrophically under a 12 h light-12 h dark regime. The light-induced release of zoospores was found to be prevented by addition of the photosystem-II inhibitor 3-(3′,4′-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. Furthermore, light dependence of this process was shown to be abolished when the mutant ‘ls’ was grown either photoautotrophically under a 14 h light-10 h dark regime or in the presence of acetate. Our findings indicate that the light-dependency of zoospore liberation observed in cultures of this particular mutant during photoautotrophic growth under a 12 h light-12 h dark regime might be attributed to an altered energy metabolism. The light-induced release of zoospores was found to be prevented by addition of cycloheximide or chloramphenicol, antibiotics which inhibit protein biosynthesis by cytoplasmic and organellar ribosomes, respectively. Actinomycin D, an inhibitor of RNA synthesis, however, did not affect the light-induced liberation of zoospores. Sporangia accumulate in stationary cultures of the mutant ‘ls’. Release of zoospores was observed when these sporangia were collected by centrifugation and incubated in the light after resuspension in fresh culture medium. Since liberation of zoospores was not observed after dilution of the stationary cultures with fresh culture medium, we suppose that components which interfere with the action of the sporangial autolysin are accumulated in the culture medium of the mutant ‘ls’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 110 (1977), S. 165-180 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aminobenzenes, XI. Alkylation of 1,3,5-Tripyrrolidinobenzene1,3,5-Tripyrrolidinobenzene (1) reacts with alkyl halides through an SN2 reaction to give cyclo-hexadienylium halides (σ-complexes) 2, 7, or 10, which are model substances for electrophilic aromatic substitution in a manner analogous to the Meisenheimer-compounds for nucleophilic aromatic substitution. They can be deprotonated with bases to produce the alkylbenzenes 4, 8, or 13. N-Alkylation is observed simultaneously with C-alkylation except for benzyl bromides which show only C-alkylation to 2f-k and 7a-c, respectively. - Under the reaction conditions employed for C-alkylation a preceding N-alkylation can be excluded. The lower homologues (C2 and C3) of the ω,ω′-dibromo-n-alkanes react through an initial C-alkylation and a subsequent intramolecular N-reaction to produce indolinium 9a and quinolinium bromides 9b, respectively. The higher homologues (C4, C5, and C10) lead to a coupling of two tripyrrolidinobenzenes 1 by C,C-(10), C,N-(11) and N,N-alkylation (12).
    Notes: 1,3,5-Tripyrrolidinobenzol (1) reagiert mit Alkylhalogeniden in einer SN2-Reaktion zu den Cyclo-hexadienyliumhalogeniden (σ-Komplexen) 2, 7 bzw. 10, die als Modellsubstanzen für die elektrophile Aromatensubstitution den Meisenheimer-Komplexen bei der nucleophilen Aromatensubstitution entsprechen. Sie lassen sich mit Basen zu den Alkylaromaten 4, 8 bzw. 13 deprotonieren. Neben der C-Alkylierung von 1 wird gleichzeitig auch N-Alkylierung beobachtet, lediglich Benzyl-bromide ergeben ausschließlich C-Alkylierung zu 2f-k bzw. 7a-c. - Unter den angewandten Reaktionsbedingungen kann eine der C-Alkylierung vorgelagerte N-Reaktion ausgeschlossen werden. Von den ω,ω′-Dibrom-n-alkanen, reagieren die niederen Homologen (C2 und C3) über eine primäre C-Alkylierung und anschließende intramolekulare N-Reaktion zu den Indolinium-9a bzw. Chinolinium-bromiden 9b. Die höheren Homologen (C4, C5 und C10) verknüpfen zwei Tripyrrolidinobenzole 1 über C,C- (10), C.N- (11) und N,N-Alkylierung (12).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Polyiodides ; Pentaiodide ; Heptaiodide ; N-Propylurotropinium Ion ; Crystal Structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Polyhalides. 26. On N-Propylurotropinium Polyiodides UrPrIx with x = 5 and 7: Crystal Structures of a Pentaiodide and a HeptaiodideThe salts UrPrIx with x = 5 and 7 are formed by the reaction of N-propylurotropinium iodide UrPrI with excess iodine I2 at room temperature from aqueous solution. N-propylurotropinium pentaiodide C9H19N4I5 crystallizes monoclinically in P21/n with a = 1007.6(3) pm, b = 1362.5(3) pm, c = 2899.0(9) pm, β = 91.49(3)º and Z = 8. The crystal structure is built up from parallel chains of cations UrPr+ and pairs of V-shaped pentaiodide anions I5- along [0 1 0]. N-propylurotropinium heptaiodide C9H19N4I7 crystallizes triclinically in P1 with a = 970.4(1) pm, b = 971.1(1) pm, c = 1357.8(2) pm, α = 106.83(1)º, β = 92.28(1)º, γ = 105.17(1)º and Z = 2. The crystal structure is stacked by alternating cationic and anionic double layers along [0 0 1]. The heptaiodide layer shows a two-dimensional network.
    Notes: Die Verbindungen UrPrIx mit x = 5 und 7 lassen sich durch Umsetzung von N-Propylurotropiniumiodid UrPrI mit überschüssigem Iod I2 bei Raumtemperatur aus wäßriger Lösung gewinnen. N-Propylurotropiniumpentaiodid C9H19N4I5 kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/n mit a = 1007,6(3) pm, b = 1362,5(3) pm, c = 2899,0(9) pm, β = 91,49(3)º und Z = 8. In der Kristallstruktur ordnen sich Kationen UrPr+ und Dimere aus stark aufgeweiteten V-förmigen Anionen I5- entlang [0 1 0] zu parallelen Strängen an. N-Propylurotropiniumheptaiodid C9H19N4I7 kristallisiert in der triklinen Raumgruppe P1 mit a = 970,4(1) pm, b = 971,1(1) pm, c = 1357,8(2) pm, α = 106,83(1)º, β = 92,28(1)º, γ = 105,17(1)º und Z = 2. In der Kristallstruktur wechseln sich Doppelschichten aus Kationen UrPr+ und aus vernetzten Anionen I7- längs [0 0 1] ab.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Crystal Structures ; Polyiodides ; Iodide ; Triiodide ; Pentaiodide ; Heptaiodide ; 1,3,5-Trialkyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium Ions ; 1,3,5-Trimethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium Ion ; 1,3,5-Triethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium Ion ; 1,3,5-Tri-iso-propyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium Ion ; 1,3,5-Tri-tertiarybutyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium Ion ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Polyhalides. 28. Further Investigations on 1,3,5-Trialkyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium Polyiodides RTazIx: Preparation and Crystal Structure Analysis of the Compounds EtTazI3, i-PrTazIx with x = 3 and 5 and t-BuTazIx with x = (1), 3, 5 and 7The salts RTazIx with R = Et, i-Pr and t-Bu and 3 ≤ x ≤ 7 are formed by the reaction of 1,3,5-trialkyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium iodide RTazI with iodine I2 from ethanoleous solution. 1,3,5-Triethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium triiodide C9H20N3I3 crystallizes triclinically in P1 with a = 773.5(1) pm, b = 842.8(1) pm, c = 1370.4(3) pm, α = 94.16(1)°, β = 97.34(1)°, γ = 106.35(1)° and Z = 2. The crystal structure is stacked by layers of cations EtTaz+ and of linear symmetric triiodide ions I3- alternating along [0 0 1]. 1,3,5-Tri-iso-propyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium triiodide C12H26N3I3 crystallizes triclinically in P1 with a = 822.0(1) pm, b = 832.1(2) pm, c = 1553.6(2) pm, α = 78.26(1)°, β = 76.21(1)°, γ = 77.23(1)° and Z = 2. The crystal structure is built up from layers of cations i-PrTaz+ and of linear symmetric triiodide ions I3- alternating along [0 0 1]. 1,3,5-Tri-iso-propyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium pentaiodide C12H26N3I5 crystallizes monoclinically in P21/c with a = 1015.4(2) pm, b = 1278.9(1) pm, c = 1811.3(2) pm, β = 92.47(1)° and Z = 4. The cationic (i-PrTaz+) and anionic (isolated V-shaped I5-) double layers alternate along [0 0 1]. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiary-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium iodide C15H32N3I crystallizes monoclinically in P21/n with a = 863.9(1) pm, b = 1655.9(2) pm, c = 1307.6(1) pm, β = 92.90(1)° and Z = 4. Mixed layers built up from cations t-BuTaz+ and anions I- follow along [0 1 0]. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiary-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium triiodide C15H32N3I3 crystallizes orthorhombically in Fdd2 with a = 1772.0(4) pm, b = 2477.8(6) pm, c = 2273.4(5) pm and Z = 16. The crystal structure is stacked by mixed layers of cations t-BuTaz+ and linear symmetric anions I3-. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiary-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium pentaiodide C15H32N3I5 crystallizes monoclinically in C2/m with a = 1219.5(3) pm, b = 1420.9(3) pm, c = 1539.5(3) pm, β = 94.54(2)° and Z = 4. The crystal structure is built up from alternating cationic (t-BuTaz+) and anionic (symmetry generated I5-) double layers along [1 0 0]. The triiodide parts of different anionic double layers are linked up by iodine bridges I2 to zickzack chains. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiary-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium heptaiodide C15H32N3I7 crystallizes monoclinically in P21/c with a = 1036.0(2) pm, b = 1768.3(4) pm, c = 1699.5(4) pm, β = 103.11(2)° und Z = 4. The crystal structure shows a three-dimensional network made by the alternating linkage of trigonal-pyramidal and Z-shaped heptaiodide ions.
    Notes: Die Verbindungen EtTazI3, i-PrTazIx mit x = 3 und 5 und t-BuTazlx mit x = 3, 5 und 7 lassen sich durch Umsetzung der entsprechenden 1,3,5-Trialkyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium-iodide RTazI mit lod aus ethanolischer Lösung gewinnen. 1,3,5-Triethyltetrahydro-1,3,5-triaziniumtriiodid C9H20N3I3 kristallisiert in der triklinen Raumgruppe P1 mit a = 773,5(1) pm, b = 842,8(1) pm, c = 1370,4(3) pm, α = 94,16(1)°, β = 97,34(1)°, γ = 106,35(1)° und Z = 2. In der Kristallstruktur wechseln sich Schichten aus Kationen EtTaz+ und isolierten zentrosymmetrischen Anionen I3- längs [0 0 1] ab. 1,3,5-Tri-iso-propyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium-triiodid C12H26N3I3 kristallisiert in der triklinen Raumgruppe P1 mit a = 822,0(1) pm, b = 832,1(2) pm, c = 1553,6(2) pm, α = 78,26(1)°, β = 76,21(1)°, γ = 77,23(1)° und Z = 2. In der Kristallstruktur folgen entlang [0 0 1] im Wechsel Schichten aus Kationen i-PrTaz+ und aus isolierten zentrosymmetrischen Anionen I3-. 1,3,5-Tri-iso-propyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium-pentaiodid C12H26N3I5 kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/c mit a = 1015,4(2) pm, b = 1278,9(1) pm, c = 1811,3(2) pm, β = 92,47(1)° und Z = 4. In der Kristallstruktur ordnen sich längs [0 0 1] abwechselnd Kationen i-PrTaz+ und isolierte stark verengte V-förmige Anionen I5- zu Doppelschichten an. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiär-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium-iodid C15H32N3I kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/n mit a = 863,9(1) pm, b = 1655,9(2) pm, c = 1307,6(1) pm, β = 92,90(1)° und Z = 4. In der Kristallstruktur befinden sich längs [0 1 0] Kationen t-BuTaz+ und Anionen I- in gemischten Schichten. 1,3,5-Tritertiär-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5 triaziniunm-triiodid C15H32N3I3 kristallisiert in der orthorhombischen Raumgruppe Fdd2 mit a = 1772,0(4) pm, b = 2477,8(6) pm, c = 2273,4(5) pm und Z = 16. In der Kristallstruktur folgen entlang [1 0 0] gemischte Schichten von Kationen t-BuTaz+ und isolierten zentrosymmetrischen Anionen I3-. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiär-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium-pentaiodid C15H32N3I5 kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe C2/m mit a = 1219,5(3) pm, b = 1420,9(3) pm, c = 1539,5(3) pm, β = 94,54(2)° und Z = 4. In der Kristallstruktur wechseln sich längs [1 0 0] Doppelschichten von Kationen t-BuTaz+ und symmetrieerzeugten Anionen I5- ab, deren Triiodid-artige Schenkel entlang [0 1 0] über Iod-Brücken zu zickzackförmigen Ketten verknüpft werden. 1,3,5-Tri-tertiär-butyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-triazinium-heptaiodid C15H32N3I7 kristallisiert in der monoklinen Raumgruppe P21/c mit a = 1036,0(2) pm, b = 1768,3(4) pm, c = 1699,5(4) pm, β = 103,11(2)° und Z = 4. Die Kristallstruktur baut sich längs [0 0 1] aus vernetzten stark gewellten Doppelketten von fehlgeordneten Anionen I7- auf, in deren Zwischenräumen sich die Kationen t-BuTaz+ befinden.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 57 (1985), S. 996-997 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Adsorption ; Krypton ; Silicagel ; Molekularsieb ; Modellierung ; Kernbrennstoffe ; Wiederaufarbeitung ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 56 (1984), S. 543-546 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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