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  • 1
    In: Kalmar - Kurile-Kamchatka and Aleutean Marginal Sea - Island arc systems: geodynamic and climate interaction in space and time, Kiel : GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 2012, (2012), 4.2012
    In: year:2012
    In: number:4.2012
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (123 S., 4,38 MB)
    Language: Undetermined
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMF 03G0672A (GEOMAR) - BMBF 03G0672B (AWI) , Auch als gedr. Ausg. vorhanden , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader. , S. 97 - 131
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  • 2
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Méheust, Marie; Stein, Ruediger; Fahl, Kirsten; Max, Lars; Riethdorf, Jan-Rainer (2015): High-resolution IP25-based reconstruction of sea-ice variability in the western North Pacific and Bering Sea during the past 18,000 years. Geo-Marine Letters, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00367-015-0432-4
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Due to its strong influence on heat and moisture exchange between the ocean and the atmosphere, sea ice is an essential component of the global climate system. In the context of its alarming decrease in terms of concentration, thickness and duration, understanding the processes controlling sea-ice variability and reconstructing paleo-sea-ice extent in polar regions have become of great interest for the scientific community. In this study, for the first time, IP25, a recently developed biomarker sea-ice proxy, was used for a high-resolution reconstruction of the sea-ice extent and its variability in the western North Pacific and western Bering Sea during the past 18,000 years. To identify mechanisms controlling the sea-ice variability, IP25 data were associated with published sea-surface temperature as well as diatom and biogenic opal data. The results indicate that a seasonal sea-ice cover existed during cold periods (Heinrich Stadial 1 and Younger Dryas), whereas during warmer intervals (Bølling-Allerød and Holocene) reduced sea ice or ice-free conditions prevailed in the study area. The variability in sea-ice extent seems to be linked to climate anomalies and sea-level changes controlling the oceanographic circulation between the subarctic Pacific and the Bering Sea, especially the Alaskan Stream injection though the Aleutian passes.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 3
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    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; KALMAR II; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Shirshov Ridge; SO201/2; SO201-2-100TC; Sonne; TC; Trigger corer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: unknown
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Sediment core GeoB18530-1 was collected during MSM39 cruise in 2014 in the subpolar western North Atlantic. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core-scanning measurements of GeoB18530-1 were performed with an Avaatech XRF Core Scanner at the MARUM - University of Bremen. For Mg/Ca analyses, ~100 individuals of the foraminiferal species N. pachyderma sin. were picked from sieved sediment samples of the size fraction 〉250 μm. Mg/Ca analyses were performed with an axial-viewing ICP-OES Varian 720 ES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) at GEOMAR Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel. Stable isotopes (δ18O) of N. pachyderma sin. were measured with Thermo Scientific MAT 253 mass spectrometers equipped with an automated Kiel IV Carbonate Preparation Device at MARUM, University of Bremen and GEOMAR Helmholtz-Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel. We report 20 accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates (AMS14C ages) from samples of N. pachyderma sin. (19 samples) and one mixed sample (Globigerina bulloides and N. pachyderma sin.) from core GeoB18530-1 spanning the last ~ 35,000 years.
    Keywords: AMOC; d18Oivf; d18O of planktic foraminifera; Heinrich events; Heinrich Stadials; Mg/Ca-based paleotemperatures; radiocarbon ages; Salinity; subpolar North Atlantic; XRF data; Younger Dryas
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Analysis of lithology, grain-size composition, clay minerals, and geochemistry of Upper Pleistocene bottom sediments from the submarine Shirshov Ridge (Bering Sea) showed that the Yukon-Tanana terrane of the Central Alaska was main source area of the sediments. Sedimentary material was transported by the Yukon River through Beringia up to the shelf break, where they were entrained by a strong north-west sea current. Lithological data revealed several pulses of ice-rafted debris deposition roughly synchronous with Heinrich events and periods of weaker bottom current intensity. Based on geochemical results we distinguished intervals of an increase in paleoproductivity and extension of the oxygen minimum zone. Our results suggest that there were three stages of deposition driven by glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations and glacial cycles in Alaska.
    Keywords: Archive of Ocean Data; ARCOD
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 6
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    In:  Supplement to: Max, Lars; Belz, Lukas; Tiedemann, Ralf; Fahl, Kirsten; Nürnberg, Dirk; Riethdorf, Jan-Rainer (2014): Rapid shifts in subarctic Pacific climate between 138 and 70 ka. Geology, 42(10), 899-902, https://doi.org/10.1130/G35879.1
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: During the past decades, remarkable changes in sea-surface temperature (SST) and sea-ice extent have been observed in the marginal seas of the subarctic Pacific. However, little is known about natural climate variability at millennial time scales far beyond instrumental observations. Geological proxy records, such as those derived from marine sediments, offer a unique opportunity to investigate millennial-scale natural climate variability of the Artic and subarctic environments during past glacial-interglacial cycles. Here we provide reconstructions of sea-ice variability inferred from IP25 (Ice Proxy with 25 carbon atoms) sea-ice biomarker and SST fluctuations based on alkenone unsaturation index (UK'37) of the subarctic Pacific realm between 138 and 70 ka. Warmest sea-surface conditions were found during the early Eemian interglacial (128 to 126 ka), exceeding modern SSTs by ~2 °C. The further North Pacific climate evolu- tion is marked by pronounced oscillations in SST and sea-ice extent on millennial time scales, which correspond remarkably well to short-term temperature oscillations known from Green- land and the North Atlantic. These results imply a common forcing, which seems to be closely coupled to dynamics of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. However, immediate propagation of such climate fluctuations far beyond the North Atlantic basin suggests a rapid circumpolar coupling mechanism probably acting through the atmosphere, a prerequisite to explain the apparent synchronicity of remote climatic reorganizations in the subarctic Pacific.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 7
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    In:  Supplement to: Meyer, Vera D; Hefter, Jens; Lohmann, Gerrit; Max, Lars; Tiedemann, Ralf; Mollenhauer, Gesine (2017): Summer temperature evolution on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russian Far East, during the past 20000 years. Climate of the Past, 13(4), 359-377, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-359-2017
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: Little is known about the climate evolution on the Kamchatka Peninsula during the last glacial?interglacial transition as existing climate records do not reach beyond 12 ka BP. In this study, a summer temperature record for the past 20 kyr is presented. Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, terrigenous biomarkers suitable for continental air temperature reconstructions, were analyzed in a sediment core from the western continental margin off Kamchatka in the marginal northwest Pacific (NW Pacific). The record suggests that summer temperatures on Kamchatka during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) equaled modern temperatures. We suggest that strong southerly winds associated with a pronounced North Pacific High pressure system over the subarctic NW Pacific accounted for the warm conditions. A comparison with an Earth system model reveals discrepancies between model and proxy-based reconstructions for the LGM temperature and atmospheric circulation in the NW Pacific realm. The deglacial temperature development is characterized by abrupt millennial-scale temperature oscillations. The Bølling?Allerød warm phase and the Younger Dryas cold spell are pronounced events, suggesting a connection to North Atlantic climate variability.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 8
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Meyer, Vera D; Max, Lars; Hefter, Jens; Tiedemann, Ralf; Mollenhauer, Gesine (2016): Glacial-to-Holocene evolution of sea surface temperature and surface circulation in the subarctic northwest Pacific and the Western Bering Sea. Paleoceanography, 31, 12 pp, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015PA002877
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Description: It has been proposed that North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) evolution was intimately linked to North Atlantic climate oscillations during the last glacial-interglacial transition. However, during the early deglaciation and the Last Glacial Maximum, the SST development in the subarctic northwest Pacific and the Bering Sea is poorly constrained as most existing deglacial SST records are based on alkenone paleothermometry, which is limited prior to 15 ka B.P. in the subarctic North Pacific realm. By applying the TEXL86 temperature proxy we obtain glacial-Holocene-SST records for the marginal northwest Pacific and the Western Bering Sea. Our TEXL86-based records and existing alkenone data suggest that during the past 15.5 ka, SSTs in the northwest Pacific and the Western Bering Sea closely followed millennial-scale climate fluctuations known from Greenland ice cores, indicating rapid atmospheric teleconnections with abrupt climate changes in the North Atlantic. Our SST reconstructions indicate that in the Western Bering Sea SSTs drop significantly during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), similar to the known North Atlantic climate history. In contrast, progressively rising SST in the northwest Pacific is different to the North Atlantic climate development during HS1. Similarities between the northwest Pacific SST and climate records from the Gulf of Alaska point to a stronger influence of Alaskan Stream waters connecting the eastern and western basin of the North Pacific during this time. During the Holocene, dissimilar climate trends point to reduced influence of the Alaskan Stream in the northwest Pacific.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Age, comment; Age model; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KALMAR; KALMAR II; Kronotsky Peninsula; Kurile-Kamchatka and Aleutean Marginal Sea-Island Arc Systems: Geodynamic and Climate Interaction in Space and Time; ParaSound; PS; SO201/2; SO201-2-10; Sonne
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 80 data points
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  • 10
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Max, Lars; Riethdorf, Jan-Rainer; Tiedemann, Ralf; Smirnova, Maria; Lembke-Jene, Lester; Fahl, Kirsten; Nürnberg, Dirk; Matul, Alexander G; Mollenhauer, Gesine (2012): Sea surface temperature variability and sea-ice extent in the subarctic northwest Pacific during the past 15,000 years. Paleoceanography, 27(3), PA3213, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002292
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Past changes in North Pacific sea surface temperatures and sea-ice conditions are proposed to play a crucial role in deglacial climate development and ocean circulation but are less well known than from the North Atlantic. Here, we present new alkenone-based sea surface temperature records from the subarctic northwest Pacific and its marginal seas (Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk) for the time interval of the last 15 kyr, indicating millennial-scale sea surface temperature fluctuations similar to short-term deglacial climate oscillations known from Greenland ice-core records. Past changes in sea-ice distribution are derived from relative percentage of specific diatom groups and qualitative assessment of the IP25 biomarker related to sea-ice diatoms. The deglacial variability in sea-ice extent matches the sea surface temperature fluctuations. These fluctuations suggest a linkage to deglacial variations in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and a close atmospheric coupling between the North Pacific and North Atlantic. During the Holocene the subarctic North Pacific is marked by complex sea surface temperature trends, which do not support the hypothesis of a Holocene seesaw in temperature development between the North Atlantic and the North Pacific.
    Keywords: AWI_Paleo; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 25 datasets
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