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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press
    Keywords: Geochemistry ; Marine sediments ; SCIENCE / Earth Sciences / Oceanography
    Description / Table of Contents: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Common Abbreviations and Symbols -- CHAPTER ONE Introduction -- CHAPTER TWO The Components of Marine Sediments -- CHAPTER THREE Isotope Geochemistry -- CHAPTER FOUR Physical Properties of Sediments -- CHAPTER FIVE An Introduction to Transport Processes in Sediments -- CHAPTER SIX Models of Sediment Diagenesis -- CHAPTER SEVEN Biogeochemical Processes in Sediments -- CHAPTER EIGHT Quantifying Carbon and Nutrient Remineralization in Sediments -- CHAPTER NINE An Introduction to the Organic Geochemistry of Marine Sediments -- CHAPTER TEN Dissolved Organic Matter in Marine Sediments -- CHAPTER ELEVEN Linking Sediment Organic Geochemistry and Sediment Diagenesis -- CHAPTER TWELVE Processes at the Sediment-Water Interface -- CHAPTER THIRTEEN Biogeochemical Processes in Pelagic (Deep-Sea) Sediments -- CHAPTER FOURTEEN Nonsteady-State Processes in Marine Sediments -- CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Controls on Organic Carbon Preservation in Marine Sediments -- CHAPTER SIXTEEN Biogeochemical Processes in Continental Margin Sediments -- CHAPTER SEVENTEEN Biogeochemical Processes in Continental Margin Sediments -- CHAPTER EIGHTEEN Linking Sediment Processes to Global Elemental Cycles: Authigenic Clay Mineral Formation and Reverse Weathering -- Appendix Some of the Field Sites Discussed in the Text -- References -- Index
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (624 p) , 33 halftones. 75 line illus. 33 tables
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    ISBN: 9780691216096
    Language: English
    Note: Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. , In English
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Princeton : Princeton University Press
    Keywords: Marine sediments ; Geochemistry ; Lehrbuch ; Geochemie ; Meeressediment ; Geochemie ; Meeressediment ; Biogeochemie ; Hydrogeochemie ; Isotopengeochemie ; Organische Geochemie ; Meeresgeologie
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: xviii, 609 Seiten , Diagramme
    ISBN: 069109506X , 9780691095066
    DDC: 551.4686
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seiten 521-592
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 85 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The utilization of glutamic acid and alanine in anoxic marine sediments was studied using sediments collected from a tidal flat on the Atlantic Ocean side of Virginia's Eastern Shore (Bordens-take Bay) and a site in the mid-Chesapeake Bay. At both sites volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were produced as intermediates in the catabolism (or oxidation) of both amino acids. In contrast, methylated amines were not produced as metabolic intermediates from either amino acid. The addition of 20 mM molybdate to sediment slurries (to inhibit bacterial sulfate reduction) led to the continuous production of VFAs from both amino acids, indicating that the majority of this VFA production from these amino acids occurred by fermentative processes. Non-catabolic uptake of these amino acids (presumably into bacterial bio-mass) also appeared to be an important process in removing alanine and glutamic acid from these sediment slurries. A kinetic model used to analyze these data indicated that ? 85% of the alanine catabolism occurred by fermentative processes, with remineralization by sulfate reducing bacteria accounting for the difference. In contrast, all of the glutamic acid catabolism appeared to occur by fermentation. Calculations using data on VFA and ΣCO2 production in molybdate inhibited sediments also suggested that acetate and formate were the predominant VFAs produced by the fermentation of alanine, and perhaps glutamic acid as well. The oxidation of dissolved, free amino acids appeared to account for a significant fraction of the ammonium production in these anoxic marine sediments, although amino acids represented less than ? 2% of the carbon sources/electron donors used by sulfate reduction. These observations suggest that the general pathway of amino acid utilization in anoxic sediments involves their oxidation by fermentative bacteria to produce compounds such as VFA or H2 which are then themselves used as substrates by either sulfate reducing or methanogenic bacteria. As such, dissolved free amino acids appear to play an important role as intermediates in carbon and nitrogen cycling in these environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 8 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: amino acids ; ammonium production ; coastal marine sediments ; anoxic ; sulfate reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In sediment slurry experiments with anoxic marine sediments collected in Cape Lookout Bight, NC, and a site in mid-Chesapeake Bay, the rates of sulfate reduction and ammonium production decrease with increasing dilution of sediment with oxygen-free sea-water. The effect of sediment dilution on the rates of these processes can be described by a simple mathematical relationship, and when these rates are corrected for sediment dilution they yield values which agree well with direct measurements of these processes. In sediment slurry studies of amino acid utilization in Cape Lookout Bight sediments, the fermentative decarboxylation of glutamic acid (to γ-aminobutyric acid) or aspartic acid (to alanine or β-alanine) did not occur when either of these amino acids were added to Cape Lookout Bight slurries. The addition of glutamic acid did however lead to a small (∼1) transient build-up of β-aminoglutaric acid. Measured rates of glutamic acid uptake in these slurries also decreased with increasing sediment dilution. Molybdate inhibition experiments demonstrated that dissolved free amino acids represent 1–3% of the carbon sources/electron donors used for sulfate reduction in Cape Lookout Bight sediments. The direct oxidation of amino acids by sulfate reducing bacteria also accounts for 13–20% of the total ammonium produced. Glutamic acid, alanine, β-aminoglutaric acid, aspartic acid and asparagine are the major amino acids oxidized by sulfate reducing bacteria in Cape Lookout Bight sediments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2018. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 32 (2018): 389-416, doi:10.1002/2017GB005790.
    Description: Carbon cycling in the coastal zone affects global carbon budgets and is critical for understanding the urgent issues of hypoxia, acidification, and tidal wetland loss. However, there are no regional carbon budgets spanning the three main ecosystems in coastal waters: tidal wetlands, estuaries, and shelf waters. Here we construct such a budget for eastern North America using historical data, empirical models, remote sensing algorithms, and process‐based models. Considering the net fluxes of total carbon at the domain boundaries, 59 ± 12% (± 2 standard errors) of the carbon entering is from rivers and 41 ± 12% is from the atmosphere, while 80 ± 9% of the carbon leaving is exported to the open ocean and 20 ± 9% is buried. Net lateral carbon transfers between the three main ecosystem types are comparable to fluxes at the domain boundaries. Each ecosystem type contributes substantially to exchange with the atmosphere, with CO2 uptake split evenly between tidal wetlands and shelf waters, and estuarine CO2 outgassing offsetting half of the uptake. Similarly, burial is about equal in tidal wetlands and shelf waters, while estuaries play a smaller but still substantial role. The importance of tidal wetlands and estuaries in the overall budget is remarkable given that they, respectively, make up only 2.4 and 8.9% of the study domain area. This study shows that coastal carbon budgets should explicitly include tidal wetlands, estuaries, shelf waters, and the linkages between them; ignoring any of them may produce a biased picture of coastal carbon cycling.
    Description: NASA Interdisciplinary Science program Grant Number: NNX14AF93G; NASA Carbon Cycle Science Program Grant Number: NNX14AM37G; NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program Grant Number: NNX11AD47G; National Science Foundation's Chemical Oceanography Program Grant Number: OCE‐1260574
    Description: 2018-10-04
    Keywords: Carbon cycle ; Coastal zone ; Tidal wetlands ; Estuaries ; Shelf waters
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Long, M. H., Sutherland, K., Wankel, S. D., Burdige, D. J., & Zimmerman, R. C. Ebullition of oxygen from seagrasses under supersaturated conditions. Limnology and Oceanography, (2019), doi:10.1002/lno.11299.
    Description: Gas ebullition from aquatic systems to the atmosphere represents a potentially important fraction of primary production that goes unquantified by measurements of dissolved gas concentrations. Although gas ebullition from photosynthetic surfaces has often been observed, it is rarely quantified. The resulting underestimation of photosynthetic activity may significantly bias the determination of ecosystem trophic status and estimated rates of biogeochemical cycling from in situ measures of dissolved oxygen. Here, we quantified gas ebullition rates in Zostera marina meadows in Virginia, U.S.A. using simple funnel traps and analyzed the oxygen concentration and isotopic composition of the captured gas. Maximum hourly rates of oxygen ebullition (3.0 mmol oxygen m−2 h−1) were observed during the coincidence of high irradiance and low tides, particularly in the afternoon when oxygen and temperature maxima occurred. The daily ebullition fluxes (up to 11 mmol oxygen m−2 d−1) were roughly equivalent to net primary production rates determined from dissolved oxygen measurements indicating that bubble ebullition can represent a major component of primary production that is not commonly included in ecosystem‐scale estimates. Oxygen content comprised 20–40% of the captured bubble gas volume and correlated negatively with its δ18O values, consistent with a predominance of mixing between the higher δ18O of atmospheric oxygen in equilibrium with seawater and the lower δ18O of oxygen derived from photosynthesis. Thus, future studies interested in the metabolism of highly productive, shallow water ecosystems, and particularly those measuring in situ oxygen flux, should not ignore the bubble formation and ebullition processes described here.
    Description: Two anonymous reviewers provided thoughtful contributions that improved this manuscript. We thank Miraflor Santos, Victoria Hill, David Ruble, Jeremy Bleakney, and Brian Collister for assistance in the field and the staff of the Anheuser‐Busch Coastal Research Center for logistical support. This work was supported by NSF OCE grants 1633951 (to MHL) and 1635403 (to RCZ and DJB), NASA Fellowship NESSF NNX15AR62H (to KS), and a fellowship from the Hansewissenschaftskolleg (Institute for Advanced Studies; to SDW).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Long, M. H., Rheuban, J. E., McCorkle, D. C., Burdige, D. J., & Zimmerman, R. C. Closing the oxygen mass balance in shallow coastal ecosystems. Limnology and Oceanography, 64(6), (2019): 2694-2708, doi: 10.1002/lno.11248.
    Description: The oxygen concentration in marine ecosystems is influenced by production and consumption in the water column and fluxes across both the atmosphere–water and benthic–water boundaries. Each of these fluxes has the potential to be significant in shallow ecosystems due to high fluxes and low water volumes. This study evaluated the contributions of these three fluxes to the oxygen budget in two contrasting ecosystems, a Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadow in Virginia, U.S.A., and a coral reef in Bermuda. Benthic oxygen fluxes were evaluated by eddy covariance. Water column oxygen production and consumption were measured using an automated water incubation system. Atmosphere–water oxygen fluxes were estimated by parameterizations based on wind speed or turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates. We observed significant contributions of both benthic fluxes and water column processes to the oxygen mass balance, despite the often‐assumed dominance of the benthic communities. Water column rates accounted for 45% and 58% of the total oxygen rate, and benthic fluxes accounted for 23% and 39% of the total oxygen rate in the shallow (~ 1.5 m) eelgrass meadow and deeper (~ 7.5 m) reef site, respectively. Atmosphere–water fluxes were a minor component at the deeper reef site (3%) but a major component at the shallow eelgrass meadow (32%), driven by diel changes in the sign and strength of atmosphere–water gradient. When summed, the measured benthic, atmosphere–water, and water column rates predicted, with 85–90% confidence, the observed time rate of change of oxygen in the water column and provided an accurate, high temporal resolution closure of the oxygen mass balance.
    Description: This work was substantially improved by comments from two anonymous reviewers. We thank Victoria Hill, David Ruble, Jeremy Bleakney, and Brian Collister for assistance in the field and the staff of the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences and the Anheuser‐Busch Coastal Research Center for logistical support. This work was supported by NSF OCE grants 1657727 (to M.H.L. and D.C.M.), 1635403 (to R.C.Z. and D.J.B.), and 1633951 (to M.H.L.).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 9
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: Seagrasses carbon nitrogen and isotopes - summary
    Description: This dataset includes a summary of results of carbon and nitrogen analyses on seagrasses collected in the Virginia Coastal Lagoons and from St. George Sound FL. Mean carbon and nitrogen concentrations and their isotope ratios are reported for leaf and root/rhizome samples. Also reported are the standard deviation, standard error, number of samples in the means, and the 95% confidence limits. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/746344
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1635403, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1633951
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 10
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    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Dataset: Eastern Shore sediment core oxygen profiles
    Description: This dataset includes oxygen profiles from sediment core samples collected in the back barrier island bays on Virginia’s Eastern Shore in July 2017. For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/745987
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1635403, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1633951
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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