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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Hamburg : Deutsches Hydrographisches Inst.
    Keywords: Modell 〈Math.〉 ; Meeresströmung ; Deutsche Bucht / B.e. Hydrologie ; Hochschulschrift ; Wellenbewegung
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 56 S. , 30 graph. Darst. u. Kt. , Kt.-Beil. (4 Bl.)
    Series Statement: Deutsche hydrographische Zeitschrift 15
    Language: German
    Note: Zugl. Kurzfassung von: Hamburg, Univ., Fachbereich Geowiss., Diss., 1979
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  • 2
    Type of Medium: Book
    Series Statement: ICES council meeting papers 1984(24)
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 3
    Type of Medium: Book
    Series Statement: Technical report / Institut für Meereskunde Hamburg 86,1
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 4
    Book
    Book
    Hamburg [u.a.] : Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie
    Keywords: Atlas ; Nordsee ; Ostsee ; Meerwasser ; Salzgehalt ; Wassertemperatur
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird ein klimatologischer Datensatz von Monatsmittelwerten der Temperatur und des Salzgehalts für das Gebiet der Nordsee und Ostsee vorgestellt. Mehr als 3, 1 Millionen Messwerte der Temperatur (2,9 Millionen für den Salzgehalt) aus den Jahren 1990 bis 1996 wurden gesammelt, aufbereitet und auf ein 3-dimensionales Gitter mit einer Auflösung von 10 x 10 km und 18 vertikalen Schichten interpoliert. Die Horizontalverteilung von Temperatur und Salzgehalt werden für die Oberfläche wie auch für den Meeresboden dargestellt. Zusätzlich werden monatliche Temperaturverteilungen und Salzgehaltsverteilungen auf vier Vertikalschnitten durch Nordsee und Ostsee präsentiert. Darüberhinaus erfolgt eine Darstellung des saisonalen Verlaufs der Temperaturschichtung in beiden Randmeeren, abgeleitet aus dem auf dem Gitter vorliegenden Datensatz. (AUT)
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 245 S , überw. Kt., graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Deutsche hydrographische Zeitschrift 9
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Wilhelmshaven : Forschungszentrum Terramare
    Keywords: Küste ; Hydrologie ; Ostfriesische Inseln
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 65 Bl , überw. Kt , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Berichte / Forschungszentrum Terramare Nr. 4
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturverz. Bl. 7 , Literaturverz. S. 7
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 38 (1985), S. 165-187 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein dreidimensionales baroklines Modell, basierend auf den primitiven (Flachwasser-) Gleichungen, wurde entwickelt. Das Verfahren ist weitgehend unabhängig von den einschränkenden Stabilitätskriterien, die für explizite Verfahren gelten, da weitgehend implizite Algorithmen verwendet werden. Mit dieser Eigenschaft ist es für den Einsatz als baroklines wirbelauflösendes Modell geeignet; in diesem Fall betrifft die einzige Stabilitätseinschränkung die Approximation interner Gravitationswellen. Implizite Verfahren werden in allen drei Raumkoordinaten angewendet; sie betreffen sowohl die Approximation langer Oberflächenwellen als auch die der vertikalen (internen) Schubspannungen. Weiterhin wird für die Coriolis- und für die Druckgradient-Terme in der Bewegungsgleichung eine stabile Approximation zweiter Ordnung in der Zeit-Domäne eingeführt. Im Gegensatz zu den in Schelfmeer-Modellen noch weit verbreiteten expliziten Verfahren bietet das hier vorgestellte im wesentlichen zwei Vorzüge: a) es ist etwa um Faktor 5 schneller; b) es erlaubt die Simulation von Ozean/Schelf-Prozessen durch die Einbeziehung tiefer Ozean-Regionen ins Modellgebiet, ohne durch Stabilitätsunterlagen für die freie Oberfläche eingeschränkt zu sein. Das Modell bietet daher die Simulation eines erweiterten Spektrums von Prozessen, die für Schelfmeere relevant sind. Dieses wird durch eine Simulation niederfrequenter Strömungen demonstriert, die den Zeitraum eines halben Jahres umfaßt.
    Abstract: Résumé Il est décrit un modèle tridimensionnel barocline fondé sur un système numérique semi-implicite à équations intégrées. Le système est dans une large mesure indépendant du contraignant critère de stabilité des systèmes explicites. Ceci permet de l'utiliser pour décrire les mouvements tourbillonnaires baroclines pour lesquels la seule contrainte de stabilité concerne les ondes de gravité internes. Des algorithmes implicites sont appliqués à chacune des trois coordonnées espace et permettent d'évaluer aussi bien les ondes de gravité externes que la force verticale de cisaillement. De plus, dans l'équation du mouvement, les termes de second ordre de l'accélération de Coriolis et du gradient de pression sont considérés comme constants dans le temps. Par rapport aux modèles explicites les plus couramment appliqués sur le plateau continental, le système proposé offre deux avantages essentiels: a) il est environ 5 fois plus rapide; b) il permet la simulation de la dynamique océan/plateau continental en tenant compte dans le modèle des régions océaniques profondes sans être tenu par des considérations de stabilité de la surface libre. C'est ainsi que le modèle permet la simulation d'une gamme plus étendue de processus relatifs aux mers des plateaux continentaux. Ceci est vérifié par une simulation, sur une période de 6 mois, des courants à basse fréquence.
    Notes: Summary A three-dimensional baroclinic primitive equation model based upon a semi-implicit numerical scheme is developed. The scheme is essentially independent of the stringent stability criteria valid for explicit schemes. This favours its application as a baroclinic eddy-resolving model; in this case the only stability limitation will concern internal gravity waves. Implicit algorithms are applied for each space coordinate; they enter in the approximation for the external gravity waves and the vertical shear stress. Further, a stable second order approximation in the time domain is introduced for the Coriolis and pressure gradient terms in the equation of motion. In contrast to the most commonly applied explicit shelf sea models the scheme proposed has two essential advantages: a) it is about factor 5 faster; b) it allows the simulation of ocean/shelf dynamics by including in the model area deep ocean regions without being limited by stability considerations for the free surface. The model thus offers the simulation of a wider range of processes relevant for shelf seas. This is demonstrated by a simulation of low-frequency currents covering a period of half a year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
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    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 28 (11). pp. 2250-2274.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Description: In the present paper a hydrostatic “reduced gravity” model, generally used to simulate transient bottom-arrested gravity plumes, was coupled with a sediment transport model. The coupled model considers the respective contribution of suspended sediment particles on the buoyancy of a plume and allows one to simulate autosuspension and size-differential deposition of sediments based on the local turbulence and settling velocities. Simulations using the coupled model reveal that sediment-enriched plumes are able to inject both entrained and original shelf water masses into intermediate and bottom layers of an adjacent ocean basin in an ageostrophic dynamical balance. Hence the mechanism described here is more rapid than classic, “seawater” plumes, which are solely driven by surplus density of the water masses. Results suggest that “turbidity” plumes may constitute an important process in the formation and renewal of deep waters in the Arctic Ocean. In case a turbidity plume reaches its level of equilibrium density, deposition of suspended particles causes the density of the interstitial fluid to be lower than the density of the ambient fluid. This initiates upward convection within the water column. The substantial difference between TS- and turbidity plumes is described by model experiments that utilize idealized slope and sediment distributions. A realistic simulation of a turbidity plume cascading down the continental slope of the western Barents Sea is presented. The computed distribution of deposited sediments agrees well with observations in an area of high accumulation of shelf-derived sediments. The frequency of occurrence of sediment-enriched gravity plumes originating from the Barents Sea shelf is estimated from the various geological variables (thickness of sediments at the bottom, grain size composition) measured from bottom sediments samples.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Springer
    In:  In: The Northern North Atlantic : a changing environment. , ed. by Schäfer, P., Ritzrau, W., Schlüter, M. and Thiede, J. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 135-154.
    Publication Date: 2017-11-16
    Description: Sediment transport processes in the northern North Atlantic have been investigated on the basis of various numerical models. A general circulation model has been used to investigate large-scale particle transport, a reduced gravity plume model has been used to investigate particle transport by cascading from the shelves into the deep basins, an ocean slice model has been used to investigate particle exchange processes between a bottom current and the ambient water mass, and a Bottom Boundary Layer model has been used to investigate particle interactions influencing the settling behavior of suspended particles. In this paper, the various processes investigated in these models are described (i) schematically, (ii) on the basis of field data, if available, and (iii) by employing results from numerical simulations. In a first attempt the northern North Atlantic will be divided into separate process defined areas, which can be used in carbon budgeting, for example.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-01-04
    Description: A two-dimensional, high-resolution, non-linear, two-layer, free-surface, boundary-fitted co-ordinate, hydrostatic model was applied to study the time–space variability of hydraulic controls and the development of internal bores in the Strait of Gibraltar. The model predicts the occurrence of four averaged (over a tropical month) controls located to the west of the Spartel Sill, at the Spartel and Camarinal Sills and in the Tarifa Narrows. The last of these controls is apparent in the sense that it consists of discrete fragments alternating with subcritical flow regions. The only control which extends over the whole width of the strait is the control at the Camarinal Sill, but it breaks down during neap tide, too. This control exists concurrently with the control in the Tarifa Narrows for short periods, while for much of the tropical month there is either just one or neither of the controls. The model predicts the development of a hydraulic jump and a jump-drop pair near the Camarinal Sill; the appearance of bulges of Mediterranean water to the east and west of the sill; the large-amplitude and small-amplitude internal bores released from the Camarinal Sill, which travel, respectively, eastward and westward, and their transformation due to radial spreading and dissipative effects. Also presented here are the results illustrating the effects of earth's rotation on the internal bores in the Strait of Gibraltar.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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