Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto di Ricerca per laProtezione Idrogeologica -- Part IKeynote -- 1 Using the Working Classification of Landslides to Assess the Danger from a Natural Slope -- Abstract -- 1.1 A Working Hypothesis -- 1.2 Landslide Types and Materials -- 1.2.1 Landslide Types -- 1.2.2 Materials -- 1.2.2.1 Water Conditions -- 1.2.2.2 Soil -- 1.2.2.3 Rock -- 1.2.3 Types of Landslide Movement -- 1.3 Landslide Causes -- 1.3.1 Causes and Triggers Over Time -- 1.3.2 Landslide Casual Factors -- 1.3.2.1 Ground Conditions -- 1.3.2.2 Geomorphological Processes -- 1.3.2.3 Physical Processes -- 1.3.2.4 Artificial Processes -- 1.4 Landslide Activity and Travel -- 1.4.1 Landslide Activity -- 1.4.1.1 State of Activity -- 1.4.1.2 Distribution of Activity -- 1.4.1.3 Style of Activity -- 1.4.2 Rate of Landslide Movement -- 1.5 Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 2 Understanding the Mechanism of Large-Scale Landslides -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Gravitational Landslides -- 2.2.1 Deformation Mechanism with Locking Section Effect -- 2.2.2 Toppling Deformation and Failure -- 2.2.2.1 Types of Deep-Seated Toppling -- 2.2.2.2 Classification of Deformation Zones in Deep-Seated Toppling Slopes -- 2.3 Earthquake-Triggered Landslides -- 2.3.1 An Overview of Our Research in the Past Five Years -- 2.3.2 Failure Mechanism and Modes of Earthquake-Triggered Landslides -- 2.3.3 Slope Response to Seismic Waves -- 2.3.3.1 Monitoring of Aftershocks -- 2.3.3.2 Large-Scale Shaking Table Tests -- 2.4 Discussions and Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- 2.5 Appendix A: 50 historical catastrophic landslides in recent 100A0years -- References -- 3 Natural River Damming: Climate-Driven or Seismically Induced Phenomena: Basics for Landslide and Seismic Hazard Assessment -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction. , 3.2 Origin of Natural Dams: Landslides Versus Moraines -- 3.3 Discrimination of Seismically and Climate Triggered Prehistoric Landslides -- 3.4 Use of Prehistoric River-Damming Features for Hazard Assessment -- References -- 4 Key Issues in Rock Fall Modeling, Hazard and Risk Assessment for Rockfall Protection -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Issues Affecting the Reliability of Rockfall Analysis -- 4.2.1 Rockfall Source Identification -- 4.2.2 3D Runout Modeling of Rockfalls -- 4.2.3 Impact-Rebound Modeling Approach -- 4.2.4 Topographic Model Accuracy -- 4.2.5 Model Parameter Calibration -- 4.3 Modeling Support to Rockfall Protection -- 4.3.1 Countermeasure Design and Optimization -- 4.3.2 Quantitative Hazard and Risk Analysis for Cost-Benefit -- 4.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 Observing, Modelling and Checking Slope Behaviour: Is There a Better Way to Fully Exploit the Expertise of Geologists and Engineers at the Same Time? -- Abstract -- 5.1 Foreword -- 5.2 A Personal Background -- 5.3 The Nature of Flow-Like Movements -- 5.4 The Role of Observation -- 5.4.1 Fundamental Remarks from Site Survey and Monitoring of Earthflows -- 5.4.2 Fundamental Remarks from Physical Modeling of Flowslides -- 5.5 Mechanical Interpretation of Flow-Like Landslides -- 5.5.1 Dealing with Earthflows -- 5.5.2 Dealing with Flowslides -- 5.6 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Landslide Risk Assessment at Cultural Heritage Sites -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Lishan Slope, Xian, China -- 6.2.1 Outline of the Lishan Slope -- 6.2.2 Geological Study of the Lishan Landslide -- 6.2.3 Landslide Dynamics Study -- 6.2.4 Landslide Monitoring -- 6.2.5 Conclusion for the Landslide Risk Assessment Study of the Lishan Slope -- 6.3 World Heritage Inca Machu Picchu Citadel -- 6.3.1 Introduction. , 6.3.2 IPL Project ``C101-1: Landslide Investigation in Machu Picchu (2002--2009)'' -- 6.3.3 Research Results of IPL C101-1 -- 6.3.3.1 Field Investigation From the Air and the Ground -- 6.3.3.2 Interpretation of Landslide Development at Machu Picchu -- 6.3.3.3 Monitoring of Slope Movement at Machu Picchu -- 6.3.4 Conclusion for the Landslide-Risk Study of the Machu Picchu Slopes -- 6.4 1792 Unzen Mayuyama Landslide and the Shichimensan Slope -- 6.4.1 Outline of the 1792 Unzen Mayuyama Landslide and the Shichimensan Slope -- 6.4.2 Undrained Seismic-Loading Ring-Shear Tests -- 6.4.2.1 The High-Stress Undrained Ring Shear Apparatus -- 6.4.2.2 Test Procedure and Test Results -- 6.4.3 Computer Simulation of the Landslide Initiation and Motion -- 6.4.4 Conclusion From the Unzen Mayuyama Landslide Study -- 6.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 Depletion of the Cretacic Carbonate Aquifer in the Salento Peninsula (Southeastern Italy): The Case of the Chidro Spring -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Geological and Hydrogeological Framework of Salento Peninsula -- 7.3 Geology and Hydrogeology of Chidro Spring -- 7.4 Depletion of the Chidro Spring Occured in the Last Decades -- 7.5 Conclusions -- References -- Part IIAdvanced Landslide Field Instrumentation and Monitoring -- 8 Monitoring of the Shallow Landslide Using UAV Photogrammetry and Geodetic Measurements -- Abstract -- 8.1emspIntroduction -- 8.1.1 Study Area -- 8.2emspThe Concept of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles -- 8.3emspGeodetic Monitoring of Slope Processes -- 8.4emspResults -- 8.4.1 Previous Surveying and Ground Monitoring -- 8.4.2 Monitoring Using UAV -- 8.5emspConclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 9 Performance of an Acoustic Emission Monitoring System to Detect Subsurface Ground Movement at Flat Cliffs, North Yorkshire, UK -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction. , 9.2 Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Soil Slopes -- 9.3 Flat Cliffs Field Trial of AE Sensor -- 9.3.1 Site Description and Instrumentation -- 9.3.2 Deformation History -- 9.3.3 Acoustic Emission History -- 9.3.4 Deformation Interpretation from AE -- 9.4 Summary -- References -- 10 Application of Modular Underground Monitoring System (MUMS) to Landslides Monitoring: Evaluation and New Insights -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Monitored Landslides -- 10.2.1 Tiedoli Monitoring -- 10.2.2 Roccamurata Monitoring -- 10.3 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 11 Reliability of Field Measurements of Displacements in Two Cases of Viaduct-Extremely Slow Landslide Interactions -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Precision and Accuracy of Inclinometer Measurements -- 11.3 Precision and Accuracy of Total Station Measurements -- 11.4 Processing of Inclinometer Measurements -- 11.5 Processing of Total Station Measurements -- 11.6 Redundancy, Measurement Validation and Conclusions -- References -- 12 Monitoring of an Ancient Landslide Phenomenon by GBSAR Technique in the Maierato Town (Calabria, Italy) -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Geological and Geomorphological Framework -- 12.3 Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBSAR) Interferometry -- 12.4 Results -- References -- 13 Bank Slope Monitoring with Integrated Fiber Optical Sensing Technology in Three Gorges Reservoir Area -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Description of the Majiagou Landslide -- 13.3 Design of Slope Monitoring Using IFOST -- 13.4 Some Monitoring Results -- 13.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 14 Proposition of a Landslide Monitoring System in Czech Carpathians -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Site Selection and Research History -- 14.3 System Proposal -- 14.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References. , 15 The Analysis of Landslide Dynamics Based on Automated GNSS Monitoring---A Case Study -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Landslide Monitoring -- 15.2.1 Case Study -- 15.2.2 System Architecture -- 15.3 Results and Discussion -- 15.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16 Preliminary Analysis and Monitoring of the Rock Slope on the M-22 Highroad Near Ljig in Serbia, Using LiDAR Data -- Abstract -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Data Acquisition -- 16.3 Study Site -- 16.4 Results and Discussion -- 16.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 17 Vein of Groundwater Flow Behavior in a Land-Slide by Continuous Monitoring of Ground Temperature -- Abstract -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Nishi-ikawa Landslide Site -- 17.3 Ground Temperature Monitoring -- 17.4 Results and Discussions -- 17.4.1 Characteristic of Annual Change for Ground Temperature at the One Meter Depth -- 17.4.2 Characteristic of Ground Temperature Variations in Heavy Rain -- 17.5 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 18 Multi-parameter Monitoring of a Slow Moving Landslide: Ripley Slide, British Columbia, Canada -- Abstract -- 18.1 Background -- 18.2 Ripley Slide -- 18.2.1 Monitoring Techniques -- 18.3 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 19 Reliability and Precision of a Network for Monitoring Very Slow Movements with a Total Station -- Abstract -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Data Elaboration -- 19.2.1 Instrumentation and Measurements -- 19.2.2 Network Adjustment -- 19.3 Displacement Computation -- 19.4 Conclusions -- References -- Part IIIApproaches to Landslide Risk Modelling and Mitigation -- 20 Role of Neotectonic Activity in Triggering Landslide in Dehradun Valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India -- Abstract -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Previous Work -- 20.3 Tectonic Environment -- 20.4 Discussion -- References. , 21 Assessing the Quality of Landslide Hazard Prediction Patterns by Cross-Validation.

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