Keywords:
Hippocampus (Brain) -- Physiology.
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Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
The hippocampus is one of a group of remarkable structures embedded within the brain's medial temporal lobe. Long known to be important for memory, it has been a prime focus of neuroscience research for many years. The Hippocampus Book brings together contributions by leading international scientists knowledgeable about hippocampal anatomy, physiology, and function. This authoritative volume offers the most comprehensive, up-to-date account of what the hippocampus does, how it does it and what happens when things go wrong. At the same time, it illustrates how research focusing on this single brain structure has revealed principles of wider generality for the whole brain.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (853 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9780199723164
Series Statement:
Oxford Neuroscience Series
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=3053900
DDC:
612.825
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Contents -- Chapter 1 The Hippocampal Formation -- 1.1 Overview -- 1.2 Why Study the Hippocampal Formation on its Own? -- 1.3 Defining the Contemporary Era -- 1.4 Organization and Content of the Book -- Chapter 2 Historical Perspective: Proposed Functions, Biological Characteristics, and Neurobiological Models of the Hippocampus -- 2.1 Overview -- 2.2 The Dawn of Hippocampal Studies -- 2.2.1 A Famous Dispute About the Significance of the Hippocampus -- 2.3 Early Ideas About Hippocampal Function -- 2.3.1 The Hippocampal Formation and Olfactory Function -- 2.3.2 The Hippocampal Formation and Emotion -- 2.3.3 The Hippocampal Formation and Attention Control -- 2.3.4 The Hippocampal Formation and Memory -- 2.3.5 More Direct Evidence for Hippocampal Involvement in Memory -- 2.3.6 The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map -- 2.3.7 Conclusions -- 2.4 Special Features of Hippocampal Anatomy and Neurobiology -- 2.4.1 Early Neuroanatomical Studies of the Hippocampus -- 2.4.2 New Fiber Tracing Methods -- 2.4.3 New Anatomical Techniques that Revolutionized Connectivity Studies -- 2.4.4 Predominantly Unidirectional Connectivity Between Cortical Strips -- 2.4.5 New Tracing Studies Using Axonal Transport -- 2.4.6 Electron Microscopy Offers New Opportunities -- 2.4.7 Hippocampal Synapses Are Highly Plastic: Early Studies of Sprouting -- 2.4.8 Hippocampal Neurons: Transplantable with Retention of Many Basic Properties -- 2.4.9 Hippocampal Cells Grow Well in Culture -- 2.4.10 Development of Hippocampal Slices: From Seahorse to Workhorse -- 2.5 Several Neurophysiological Principles Have Been Discovered in Hippocampal Studies -- 2.5.1 Identification of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses -- 2.5.2 Gray Type 2 Synapses are Inhibitory and are Located on the Soma of Pyramidal and Granule Cells.
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2.5.3 Gray Type 1 Synapses are Excitatory and are Located on Dendritic Spines -- 2.5.4 Long-lasting Alterations of Synaptic Efficiency After Physiological Stimulation -- 2.5.5 Hippocampal Systems: Exhibiting Several Types of Oscillatory Behavior -- 2.5.6 Studies of Epileptiform Behavior -- 2.6 Development of Methodological Procedures for General Use -- 2.6.1 Hippocampus as a Test Bed for Microelectrode Work -- 2.6.2 Pioneers of Intracellular Recording -- 2.6.3 Tetrode Development -- 2.6.4 Field Potential Analysis -- 2.6.5 Histochemistry: Pioneered in the Hippocampus -- 2.6.6 Pharmacological Analysis of Cellular Properties -- 2.6.7 Development of Computational Models of Neural Networks -- 2.6.8 The Hippocampal Formation: A Test Bed for Several Types of Neural Dysfunction and Neuropathology -- References -- Chapter 3 Hippocampal Neuroanatomy -- 3.1 Overview -- 3.1.1 Hippocampus: Part of a Functional Brain System Called the Hippocampal Formation -- 3.1.2 Similarities and Differences Between the Hippocampal Formation and other Cortical Areas -- 3.1.3 Hippocampal Formation: With A Unique Set of Unidirectional, Excitatory Pathways -- 3.1.4 Hippocampus of Humans and Animals: Same or Different? -- 3.1.5 Synopsis of the Chapter -- 3.2 Historical Overview of Hippocampal Nomenclature - What's in a Name? -- 3.2.1 Definition of Hippocampal Areas: Definition of Terms -- 3.2.2 Subdivision of Hippocampal Areas -- 3.2.3 Major Fiber Bundles of the Hippocampal Formation -- 3.3 Three-dimensional Organization and Major Fiber Systems of the Hippocampal Formation -- 3.3.1 Rat Hippocampal Formation -- 3.3.2 Major Fiber Systems of the Rat Hippocampal Formation -- 3.3.3 Monkey Hippocampal Formation -- 3.3.4 Human Hippocampal Formation -- 3.4 Neuroanatomy of the Rat Hippocampal Formation -- 3.4.1 Dentate Gyrus -- 3.4.2 Hippocampus -- 3.4.3 Subiculum.
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3.4.4 Presubiculum and Parasubiculum -- 3.4.5 Entorhinal Cortex -- 3.5 Chemical Neuroanatomy -- 3.5.1 Transmitters and Receptors -- 3.5.2 Steroids -- 3.6 Comparative Neuroanatomy of the Rat, Monkey, and Human Hippocampal Formation -- 3.6.1 Neuron Numbers -- 3.6.2 Comparison of Rat and Monkey Hippocampal Formation -- 3.6.3 Comparison of Monkey and Human Hippocampal Formation -- 3.7 Principles of Hippocampal Connectivity and Implications for Information Processing -- 3.7.1 Highly Distributed Three-Dimensional Network of Intrinsic Connections -- 3.7.2 Functional Implications of the Septotemporal Topography of Connections -- 3.7.3 Functional Implications of the Transverse Topography of Connections -- 3.7.4 Serial and Parallel Processing in the Hippocampal Formation -- 3.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Morphological Development of the Hippocampus -- 4.1 Overview -- 4.2 Neurogenesis and Cell Migration -- 4.2.1 Pyramidal Neurons -- 4.2.2 Granule Cells -- 4.2.3 Local Circuit Neurons and Hilar Neurons -- 4.2.4 Determinants of Neuronal Migration in the Hippocampus -- 4.3 Development of Hippocampal Connections -- 4.3.1 Entorhinal Connections -- 4.3.2 Commissural Connections -- 4.3.3 Septal Connections -- 4.3.4 General Principles Underlying the Formation of Synaptic Connections in the Hippocampus -- 4.4 Development of the Primate Hippocampal Formation -- 4.4.1 Neurogenesis -- 4.4.2 Neuronal Differentiation -- References -- Chapter 5 Structural and Functional Properties of Hippocampal Neurons -- 5.1 Overview -- 5.2 CA1 Pyramidal Neurons -- 5.2.1 Dendritic Morphology -- 5.2.2 Dendritic Spines and Synapses -- 5.2.3 Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Inputs -- 5.2.4 Axon Morphology and Synaptic Targets -- 5.2.5 Resting Potential and Action Potential Firing Properties -- 5.2.6 Resting Membrane Properties.
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5.2.7 Implications for Voltage-Clamp Experiments in CA1 Neurons -- 5.2.8 Attenuation of Synaptic Potentials in CA1 Dendrites -- 5.2.9 Mechanisms of Compensation for Synaptic Attenuation in CA1 Dendrites -- 5.2.10 Pyramidal Neuron Function: Passive Versus Active Dendrites -- 5.2.11 Dendritic Excitability and Voltage-Gated Channels in CA1 Neurons -- 5.2.12 Sources of CA[Sup(2+)] Elevation in CA1 Pyramidal Neuron Dendrites -- 5.2.13 Distribution of Voltage-Gated Channels in the Dendrites of CA1 Neurons -- 5.2.14 Functional Implications of Voltage-Gated Channels in CA1 Dendrites: Synaptic Integration and Plasticity -- 5.2.15 General Lessons Regarding Pyramidal Neuron Function -- 5.3 CA3 Pyramidal Neurons -- 5.3.1 Dendritic Morphology -- 5.3.2 Dendritic Spines and Synapses -- 5.3.3 Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Inputs -- 5.3.4 Axon Morphology and Synaptic Targets -- 5.3.5 Resting Potential and Action Potential Firing Properties -- 5.3.6 Resting Membrane Properties -- 5.3.7 Active Properties of CA3 Dendrites -- 5.4 Subicular Pyramidal Neurons -- 5.4.1 Dendritic Morphology -- 5.4.2 Dendritic Spines and Synaptic Inputs -- 5.4.3 Axon Morphology and Synaptic Targets -- 5.4.4 Resting and Active Properties -- 5.4.5 Mechanisms of Bursting -- 5.4.6 Membrane Potential Oscillations -- 5.5 Dentate Granule Neurons -- 5.5.1 Dendritic Morphology and Spines -- 5.5.2 Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Inputs -- 5.5.3 Axon Morphology and Synaptic Targets -- 5.5.4 Resting Potential and Action Potential Firing Properties -- 5.5.5 Resting Membrane Properties -- 5.5.6 Active Properties of Granule Cells -- 5.6 Mossy Cells in the Hilus -- 5.6.1 Dendritic Morphology and Spines -- 5.6.2 Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Inputs -- 5.6.3 Axon Morphology and Synaptic Targets -- 5.6.4 Resting and Active Properties -- 5.6.5 Other Spiny Neurons in the Hilus.
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5.7 Pyramidal and Nonpyramidal Neurons of Entorhinal Cortex -- 5.7.1 Stellate Cells of Layer II -- 5.7.2 Pyramidal Cells of Layer II -- 5.7.3 Pyramidal Cells of Layer III -- 5.7.4 Pyramidal Cells of Deep Layers -- 5.8 Pyramidal and Nonpyramidal Neurons of Presubiculum and Parasubiculum -- 5.9 Local Circuit Inhibitory Interneurons -- 5.9.1 Understanding Interneuron Diversity -- 5.9.2 Dendritic Morphology -- 5.9.3 Dendritic Spines -- 5.9.4 Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses -- 5.9.5 Axon Morphology and Synaptic Targets -- 5.9.6 Resting Membrane Properties -- 5.9.7 Voltage-Gated Channels in Inhibitory Interneurons -- References -- Chapter 6 Synaptic Function -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 General Features of Synaptic Transmission: Structure -- 6.2.1 Transmitter Release and Diffusion -- 6.2.2 Receptors and Receptor Activation -- 6.2.3 Quantal Transmission -- 6.2.4 Short-term Plasticity -- 6.3 Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission -- 6.3.1 AMPA Receptors -- 6.3.2 Kainate Receptors -- 6.3.3 NMDA Receptors -- 6.3.4 Co-localization of Glutamate Receptors -- 6.3.5 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors -- 6.3.6 Receptor Targeting and Anchoring -- 6.4 GABAergic Synaptic Transmission -- 6.4.1 GABA[Sub(A)] Receptors -- 6.4.2 GABA[Sub(B)] Receptors -- 6.5 Other Neurotransmitters -- 6.6 Special Features of Individual Hippocampal Synapses -- 6.6.1 Small Excitatory Spine Synapses -- 6.6.2 Mossy Fiber Synapses -- 6.6.3 Other Glutamatergic Synapses on Interneurons -- 6.6.4 Inhibitory Synapses -- 6.7 Unresolved Issues -- References -- Chapter 7 Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Function in the Hippocampus: Neurotransmitter Exocytosis and Glutamatergic, GABAergic, and Cholinergic Transmission -- 7.1 Overview -- 7.2 Neurotransmitter Exocytosis -- 7.2.1 Introduction: Proteins Involved in Synaptic Release -- 7.2.2 Reserve Pool of Synaptic Vesicles.
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7.2.3 Synaptic Vesicle Docking and Priming at the Active Zone: Role of the SNARE Complex, Munc18, and Munc13.
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