Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Contents of Recent Volumes -- Chapter 1. Memories of Mammaries: Adaptations to Weaning from Milk -- I. Introduction -- II. Reducing the Liking for Milk -- III. Adaptations for Discovering Alternatives to Milk -- IV. Milk as a Food for Humans -- V. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2. Tachykinins and Body Fluid Regulation -- I. Introduction -- II. Water Intake Inhibition -- III. Vasopressin Release and Urine Flow Inhibition -- IV. Salt Intake Inhibition -- V. Role of Brain TCKs in the Control of Water Intake and of Salt Appetite in the Rat -- VI. Phylogenetic Distribution of the Effects of TCKs on Ingestive Behavior -- VII. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3. Brain Mechanisms of Aggression as Revealed by Electrical and Chemical Stimulation: Suggestion of a Central Role for the Midbrain Periaqueductal Grey Region -- I. Introduction -- II. Threat Display and Attack Elicited by Electrical Brain Stimulation -- III. Neural Representation of the Defense Reaction -- IV. Behavioral Components of the Defense Reaction: Electrical Stimulation and Ablation Studies -- V. Cardiovascular Components of the Defense Reaction: The Naturally Evoked Pattern of Response -- VI. Cardiovascular Components of the Defense Reaction: Electrical Stimulation and Ablation Studies -- VII. Behavioral Components of the Defense Reaction: Chemical Stimulation Studies -- VIII. Cardiovascular Components of the Defense Reaction: Chemical Stimulation Studies -- IX. Anatomy of Midbrain Neurons Mediating the Defense Reaction -- X. Role of the Midbrain PAG as a Neural Center Coordinating the Defense Reaction -- References -- Chapter 4. Behavioral Neurobiology of Orcadian Pacemakers: A Comparative Perspective -- I. Introduction. , II. Localization of Circadian Pacemakers -- III. Bilateral Organization of Circadian Pacemakers -- IV. Secondary Oscillators for Behavioral Activity -- V. Multiple Pacemaker Entrainment Pathways -- VI. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5. Mechanisms of Brain-Stimulation Reward -- I. Introduction -- II. History -- III. Double-Pulse Stimulation -- IV. Myelinated Axons Mediating MFB Self-Stimulation -- V. Dopamine Cells and Reward -- VI. Other Self-Stimulation Systems -- VII. Remaining Problems -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Contents of Recent Volumes -- Chapter 1. Satiety, Specifications, and Stop Rules: Feeding as Voluntary Action -- I. Introduction -- II. Postingestive Satiety -- III. Oral Satiety -- IV. Control of Voluntary Movements -- V. Applications, Implications, and Speculations: Some Feeding Phenomena -- VI. The Search for Substrates -- VII. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2. Drinking Elicited by Eating -- I. Introduction -- II. Abdominal Vagus as a Strategic Point of Entry -- III. Pharmacological Probe for Drinking Elicited by Histamine -- IV. Histaminergic Control of Drinking Elicited by Eating -- V. Working Hypothesis for Histaminergic Control of Food-Related Drinking -- VI. Interrelation of Histaminergic and Other Controls of Food-Related Drinking -- VII. Formulation -- VIII. Summary -- References -- Chapter 3. Neural Substrates of Aggression and Rage in the Cat -- I. Introduction -- II. The Anatomy of Aggressive Behavior -- III. Modulation of Aggressive Behavior by the Limbic-Midbrain Axis -- IV. Neuropharmacological Studies of Aggressive Behavior -- V. Summary and Conclusions -- VI. List of Abbreviations Used in Figures -- References -- Chapter 4. Investigating the Neural Circuitry of Brain Stimulation Reward -- I, Introduction -- II. Constraints from Psychophysical Studies -- III. Constraints from Studies of Regional Brain Metabolism -- IV. Constraints from Lesion Studies -- V. Pharmacological Constraints on Medial Forebrain Bundle Reward -- VI. Looking to the Future -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Anmerkung: Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Organization -- Section 1 Historical context -- 1 The sleep-dream state: historic andphilosophic perspectives -- Summary -- Introduction -- Dreams and narrative story -- Dreams in religion and philosophy -- Dreams and science -- Contemporary dream use in story, religion, and science -- References -- 2 REM sleep and dreaming -- Summary -- Dreaming and REM sleep -- Dreaming and the sleep EEG -- Dreaming and cortical connectivity in sleep -- The PGO wave, phasic activity in sleep, and its relation to dreaming -- The human PGO wave -- Limbic activation in association with REM saccades -- Neuroimaging of REM sleep -- REM neuromodulation and dreaming -- Neuronal networks generating dream phenomenology -- Dynamic interactions of brain networks during REM sleep dreaming -- Future directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 REM sleep and dream sleep: are they identical? -- Summary -- Background and introduction -- Rapid eye movement sleep and dream sleep -- What are the Upanishads? -- Upanishads on dreams -- Where does the Vedic and Upanishadic knowledge lead us? -- Ancient wisdom and present objective knowledge: can they meet? -- Can the Turiya state provide some explanation? -- Masking and unmasking of expressions defining various states -- The Turiya state is a non-local expression -- Necessity of REMS with or without associated dream -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4 The discovery of REM sleep: the death knell of the passive theory of sleep -- Summary -- Early intimations of REM sleep -- The passive theory of sleep -- The earliest neurophysiological studies -- The ascending reticular activating system -- The beginning of the end of the passive theory -- Rhombencephalic sleep -- Acknowledgments -- References. , 5 REM sleep and dreaming: the nature of the relationship -- Summary -- Introduction -- Group differences -- Demographic variables -- Sex -- Age -- Socioeconomic class -- Race and marital status -- Psychiatric illness -- Individual differences -- Between individuals, and between and across nights of the same individual -- Dreams across a night -- Dream content across an REM period -- Conclusion -- References -- Section II General biology -- 6 Ontogenesis of mammalian sleep and sleep regulation -- Summary -- Ontogenesis of mammalian sleep andsleep regulation -- Dissociation -- Concordance -- Maturation -- REM sleep function in early life -- REM sleep and LGN development -- REM sleep and the critical period for visual development: LGN -- REM sleep and developmentally regulated cortical plasticity -- Theories of sleep function in developing animals: the ontogenetic hypothesis -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 Evolutionary perspectives on the function of REM sleep -- Phenomenology and evolutionary history of REM sleep -- Therian mammals (marsupials and eutherians) -- Monotremes -- Fish, amphibians, and non-avian reptiles -- Avian reptiles -- Convergent evolution of REM sleep in mammals and birds -- Evolutionary loss of REM sleep -- Evolutionary determinants of REM sleep duration -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 A systems-level approach to human REM sleep -- Introduction -- Distribution of regional brain activity during REMS -- Neural correlates of rapid eye movements -- Neural correlates of the variability in heart rate during REMS -- Dependence on previous waking experience -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 REM-sleep regulation: circadian, homeostatic, and non-REM sleep-dependent determinants -- Circadian regulation of REM sleep -- REM sleep propensity -- Electroencephalogram activity -- REM density. , Pathways of circadian control -- Homeostatic regulation of REM sleep -- Origin and concept of sleep homeostasis -- REM sleep propensity and homeostasis -- Electroencephalogram activity as a marker of REM sleep need -- Muscle atonia during NREM sleep as a marker of REM sleep need -- Is REM sleep need related to NREM sleep or waking? -- Interdependence of REM sleep and NREM sleep -- Mutual inhibition of the sleep states -- REM density and homeostatic sleep pressure -- Conclusion -- References -- 10 Understanding REM sleep: clues frombrain lesion studies -- Summary -- Introduction -- The brain stem and the decerebrate animal -- The diencephalic cat -- The cat without the thalamus -- Insomnia, sleep pressure, and rebound in diencephalic and athalamic cats -- Specific sites in the telencephalon -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section III Neuronal regulation -- 11 Preoptic and basal forebrain modulation of REM sleep -- Summary -- The preoptic area -- The ventrolateral preoptic nucleus -- The median preoptic nucleus -- The basal forebrain -- The suprachiasmatic nucleus -- Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 Amygdalar regulation of REM sleep -- Summary -- Introduction -- Anatomical substrate for amygdalar modulation of REM -- Cellular activity in the amygdala correlated with arousal -- Amygdala and ponto-­geniculo-occipital waves -- Amygdala and the regulation of REM -- Amygdala and stress-induced alterations in sleep -- Amygdalar modulation of REM: clinical translation -- REM in primary insomnia -- Amygdalar modulation of tonic and phasic REM in depression -- Amygdalar modulation of REM mechanisms in narcolepsy: cataplexy and REM -- Evidence for amygdalar modulation of REM in PTSD -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 Pontomedullary mediated REM-sleep atonia -- Summary -- Introduction -- Electrophysiology studies -- Acute animals. , Chronic animals -- Pharmacological studies -- Acute animals -- Chronic animals -- REM sleep behavior disorder and the ventral mesopontine junction -- References -- 14 Phenomenology and function of myoclonic twitching in developing rats -- Summary -- Introduction -- From behavioral to electrographic measures of infant sleep and wakefulness -- The neural substrates of infant sleep-wake states and myoclonic twitching -- Sleep-state organization upon the developmental emergence of delta activity -- Myoclonic twitching and its effect on infant neocortical activity -- Myoclonic twitching and its effect on infant hippocampal activity -- The life of a twitch -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 15 Pontine-wave generator: a key player in REM sleep-dependent memory consolidation -- Summary -- Introduction -- Mechanisms of REM sleep sign generation -- Description of PGO/P-waves -- Description of the PGO/P-wave generator -- REM sleep and memory consolidation -- Evidence to link P-wave generator with memory consolidation -- Physiological evidence -- Anatomical evidence -- Behavioral evidence -- Biochemical/molecular evidence -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16 Hippocampal theta rhythm of REM sleep -- Summary -- Introduction -- Nucleus pontis oralis - brain-stem source for the generation of the theta: recording and stimulation studies -- Ascending brain stem-diencephalo-septohippocampal systems controlling the hippocampal theta rhythm -- Ascending systems controlling non-theta states of the hippocampal EEG (hippocampal EEG desynchronization): role of the median -- Median raphe stimulation-induced hippocampal desynchronization: large-amplitude irregular activity, small-amplitude irregular -- Unit activity in the MR nucleus in relation to the hippocampal EEG: serotonergic and non-serotonergic neurons. , Site(s) of action of MR desynchronizing effects on the hippocampal EEG -- Distinct brain-stem "modules" for the control of individual events of REM sleep -- Recent analysis of brain-stem substrates controlling the indices and state of REM sleep: the cellular-molecular-network model -- Function of the hippocampal theta rhythm of wakefulness -- Function of the hippocampal theta rhythm in REM sleep -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 17 Respiration during REM sleep and its regulation -- Summary -- Introduction -- Excitatory drive to the respiratory system in REM sleep -- Central respiratory neurons -- Respiratory motor neurons -- Sources of excitation of the respiratory system in REM sleep -- Physiological effects of REM-specific endogenous drive -- The pattern of REM-specific endogenous drive -- References -- 18 Modulation of REM sleep by non-REM sleep and waking areas in the brain -- Summary -- Introduction -- Brain areas modulating wakefulness -- NREM sleep-generating areas -- REM sleep-generating areas -- Brain-stem REM-on neurons -- Brain-stem REM-off neurons -- Role of the locus coeruleus in REM sleep regulation -- Is inhibition of monoaminergic transmission requisite for REM sleep genesis? -- Is activation of the wake center requisite for REM sleep termination? -- REM sleep generation and termination: regulation solely through the brain-stem cog -- An antagonistic interaction between REM-on and REM-off neurons: a GABA-ergic reciprocal-interaction model -- An antagonistic interaction between the neuronal circuitries of the midbrain and caudal brain-stem reticular area -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section IV Neuroanatomy and neurochemistry -- 19 Aminergic influences in the regulation ofbasic REM sleep processes -- Summary -- Introduction -- Catecholamines -- Noradrenaline -- Dopamine -- Serotonin -- Histamine -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments. , References.

Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Carbohydrates Do Not Always Produce Satiety: An Explanation of the Appetite- and Hunger-Stimulating Effects of Hexoses -- I. Introduction -- II. Mayer's Glucostatic Theory of Hunger -- III. Previous Research Leading to the Hypothesis That CarbohydratesCan Stimulate Appetite and Hunger -- IV. Recent Studies of the Role of Carbohydrates in StimulatingAppetite and Hunger -- V. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2. How Running Accelerates Growth -- I. Introduction -- IL Discovery of the Phenomenon -- III. Hormonal Manifestations of Growth -- IV. Nutritional Support for the Growth -- V. Search for Brain Circuitry -- VI. Ecological Perspective: Biological Significanceof Voluntary Running -- VII. Life Span Perspective: Exercise andthe Neuroendocrine Clock for Aging -- VIII. Neuroendocrine Consequences of Exercise:Implications for Running Humans -- References -- Chapter 3. Limbic-Motor Integration -- I. Introduction -- IL Classical Examples of Limbic Influence on Behavior -- III. Axonal Tracer Studies of Limbic-Motor Connections -- IV. The Mesencephalic Locomotor Region -- V. Functional Studies -- VI. A Dopamine "Gating" Mechanism -- VII. Limbic-Motor Integration: Future Prospects -- VIII. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4. Brain Monoaminergic Unit Activity inBehaving Aminals -- I. Introduction -- II. Serotonergic (5HT) Neurons -- III. Noradrenergic (NE) Neurons -- IV. Dopaminergic (DA) Neurons -- V. Discussion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 5. Neurobiology of an Attribute Modelof Memory -- I. Introduction -- II. Attribute Model of Memory: Psychological Aspects -- III. Attribute Model of Memory: Neural Aspects -- IV. Data-Based Memory System -- V. Expectancy-Based Memory System. , VI. Dynamic Aspects -- VII. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.

Anmerkung: Laser Techniques for Fluid Mechanic Selected Papers from the 10th International Symposium, Lisbon, Portugal 10-13 July, 2000 -- Laser Techniques for Fluid Mechanics -- Copyright -- Preface -- The Editors -- Table of Contents -- CHAPTER I. VELOCITY -- I.1. Light-in-flight holography with switched reference beams for cross-correlation in deep volume PIV -- I.2. 3D-PTV experiments of anomalous, steady transport of a conservative tracer in porous media -- I.3. Investigation of the spatio-temporal flow structure in the log-law region of a turbulent boundary layer by means of multi-plane stereo particle image velocimetry -- I.4. 3-Component Doppler laser-two-focus velocimetry applied to a transonic centrifugal compressor -- I.5.Two-point chirp laser Doppler velocimeter using a powerful fibre-coupled green Nd: YAG ring laser -- I.6. Maximum likelihood approaches for sound field measurement using LDV -- CHAPTER II. SCALAR -- II.1. Experimental investigation of heat transfer phenomena during direct contact condensation in the presence of non condensable gas by means of the linear raman spectroscopy -- II.2. On the accuracy of scalar dissipation measurements by laser Rayleigh scatering -- II.3. Demonstration of the applicability of a Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) method -- II.4. Transient temperature measurement of unburned gas using optic heterodyne interferometry -- CHAPTER III. MULTI-PHASE -- III.1. Generic formulation of a generalized Lorenz-Mie theory for pulsed laser illumination. -- III.2. Measurement and prediction of the gaussian beam effect in the phase Doppler technique -- III.3. Measurement of spray flow by an improved Interferometric Laser Imaging Droplet Sizing (ILIDS) system -- III.4. Two-dimensional imaging of sizes and number densities of nanoscaled particles. , III.5. Simultaneous measurement of velocity and particle size profiles with the reference beam technique -- III.6. Instantaneous whole field measurement of velocity and size of air microbubbles in two-phase flows using DDPIV -- III.7. Liqid PIV measurements around a single gas slug rising through stagnant liquid in vertical pipes -- III.8. PIV applied to landslide generated impulse waves -- CHAPTER IV. TURBULENT FLOWS -- IV.1. Behaviour of trailing vortices in the vicinity of the ground -- IV.2. Investigation of the mixing process in an axisymmetric turbulent jet using PIV and LIF -- IV.3. LDA-measurements of jets in crossflow for effusion cooling applications -- IV.4. Characterisation of confinement and impingement effects on the near field of axisymmetric jets -- IV.5. PIV measurements in co-flowing jets subjected to axial forcing. Vorticity and strain field structure -- IV.6. Laser-optical observation of chaotic mixing structure in a stirred vessel -- IV.7. Stereoscopic PIV measurement of a lobed jet mixing flow -- IV.8. Point and planar LIF for velocity-concentration correlations in a jet in cross flow -- IV.9. Structure of wall-eddies at Reθ ≥ 106 -- CHAPTER V. COMBUSTION AND ENGINES -- V.1. Computer tomography of infra-red absorption and its application to internal-combustion engines -- V.2. A sensor for measuring CO2 gas temperature and concentration using 2µm DFB semiconductor laser -- V.3. Measurement of instantaneous 2-D velocity field and local chemiluminescence in a premixed-spray flame by PIV and MICRO system -- V.4. Phase discrimination inside a spray: LDV measurements using fluorescent seeding particles (FLDV) -- V.5. Effect of strain rate on NOx emission in opposed impinging jet flame combustor -- V.6. Fluid image velocimetry of flow in the recirculation zone of a bluff body stabilized and controlled burner -- Authors' Index.

Anmerkung: Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Overview -- 1.2 Fundamentals of DNA and RNA Structure -- 1.2.1 Stabilizing Forces -- 1.2.2 Chemical Differences between DNA and RNA -- 1.2.3 Canonical A- and B-form Helices -- 1.2.4 Deviation is the Norm -- 1.2.5 Bending and Supercoiling DNA -- 1.2.6 Folded RNA and Noncanonical DNA -- 1.3 Principles of Recognition -- 1.3.1 Forces that Contribute to Complex Formation -- 1.3.2 Site Recognition Overview -- 1.3.3 Recognizing Duplex DNA via Direct and Indirect Readout -- 1.3.4 Recognizing Single-stranded Nucleic Acids -- 1.3.5 Recognizing Folded RNAs -- 1.3.6 Recognizing Noncanonical DNA Structures -- 1.3.7 Conformational Rearrangements -- 1.4 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 2 Role of Water and Effects of Small Ions in Site-specific Protein-DNA Interactions -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Affinity and Specificity -- 2.3 Macromolecular Hydration Influences ΔH°, ΔS° and ΔC°P -- 2.4 Water Release Attending Protein-DNA Association -- 2.5 Retained Water Molecules Contribute to Affinity and Specificity -- 2.6 Thermodynamic Effects of Retained Water -- 2.7 Overview of Small Ion Effects on Protein-DNA Interactions -- 2.8 Multiple Physical Phenomena Associated with Salt Dependence -- 2.9 Cation Release Favors Protein-DNA Association -- 2.10 Selective Effects of Anions on Protein-DNA Binding -- 2.11 Divalent Cation Binding at Active Sites Relieves Electrostatic Strain -- 2.12 Ion Effects and Cosolute Effects are Mechanistically Independent -- 2.13 Comparison with Nonspecific Binding: How Water and Ions Affect Specificity -- 2.14 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 3 Structural Basis for Sequence-specific DNA Recognition by Transcription Factors and their Complexes -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Transcriptional Regulators that Bind Core DNA Elements. , 3.2.1 Helix-turn-helix and Winged Helix-turn-helix -- 3.2.2 Basic Leucine-zipper and Basic Helix-loop-helix -- 3.2.3 Zinc-binding Domains that Bind as Monomeric Units -- 3.2.4 DNA Recognition by β-Ribbons -- 3.2.5 Immunoglobulin Fold -- 3.2.6 HMG Domain -- 3.3 Transcriptional Regulators that Bind as Dimers to two DNA Half Sites with Different Spacing and Polarity -- 3.3.1 Zn2Cys6 Binuclear Cluster -- 3.3.2 Nuclear Receptors -- 3.4 Transcription Regulatory Complexes that use a Combination of Different DNA-binding Motifs -- 3.4.1 Combinatorial DNA Interactions -- 3.4.2 ETS Family Ternary Complexes -- 3.4.3 NFAT/Fos-Jun/DNA Quaternary Complex -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Indirect Readout of DNA Sequence by Proteins -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.1.1 DNA Sequence Recognition: A Historical Perspective -- 4.2 Indirect Readout -- 4.2.1 Direct vs. Indirect Readout -- 4.2.2 Language of Indirect Readout: DNA Geometry -- 4.2.3 Sequence-dependent Polymorphisms of B-DNA -- 4.2.3.1 Base Stacking -- 4.2.3.2 Hydrogen Bonding -- 4.2.3.3 Steric Repulsion -- 4.2.3.4 DNA Bending -- 4.2.4 Indirect Readout: A Universal Feature of Protein-DNA Interactions -- 4.3 DNA Sequence Recognition by CAP -- 4.3.1 Direct Readout by CAP -- 4.3.2 Indirect Readout by CAP -- 4.3.2.1 Conformation and Flexibility of the DNA Site for CAP -- 4.3.2.2 Indirect Readout at Positions 1-2 -- 4.3.2.3 Indirect Readout at Position 6 -- 4.3.2.4 Comparison with Other Protein-induced Positive Roll Deformations -- 4.3.3 DNA Bending vs. DNA Kinking - A Dynamic Duo? -- 4.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 5 Single-stranded Nucleic Acid (SSNA)-binding Proteins -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Basic Elements -- 5.2.1 Interaction Types -- 5.2.1.1 Salt Bridges and Electrostatics -- 5.2.1.2 Stacking Interactions -- 5.2.1.3 Steric Packing and van der Waals Interactions. , 5.2.1.4 Hydrogen Bonding -- 5.2.2 Folds, Evolution and Function -- 5.2.2.1 OB-fold -- 5.2.2.2 Sm-fold -- 5.2.2.3 RRM -- 5.2.2.4 KH -- 5.2.2.5 Others: Pumilio, TRAP and Whirly -- 5.3 Emergent Properties -- 5.3.1 Molecular Recognition: Specificity, Adaptability and Degeneracy -- 5.3.1.1 Specific yet Adaptable Recognition by Modular Puf Proteins -- 5.3.1.2 A "Hot-spot" for Recognition of Telomere DNA by Cdc13 -- 5.3.1.3 "Nucleotide Shuffling" and TEBP-α/β -- 5.3.1.4 Degeneracy in Splicing Branch Site Identification -- 5.3.2 Cooperativity -- 5.3.2.1 SSB and Multiple Cooperativity Modes -- 5.3.2.2 Anti-cooperativity and TEBP-α -- 5.3.2.3 Positive Heterotypic Cooperativity at Telomere Ends -- 5.3.3 Allostery -- 5.3.3.1 Small Molecule Effectors and SSNA-binding -- 5.3.3.2 Proteins as Allosteric Effectors for Binding and Release of SSNA -- 5.4 Conclusion and Perspective -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 6 DNA Junctions and their Interaction with Resolving Enzymes -- 6.1 The Four-way Junction in Genetic Recombination -- 6.2 Structure and Dynamics of DNA Junctions -- 6.2.1 Dynamics of the Four-way Junction -- 6.2.2 Metal Ions and the Electrostatics of the Four-way Junction -- 6.2.3 Branch Migration -- 6.2.4 Comparison with Four-way RNA Junctions -- 6.3 Proteins that Interact with DNA Junctions -- 6.4 Junction-resolving Enzymes -- 6.4.1 Occurrence of the Junction-resolving Enzymes -- 6.4.2 Phylogeny -- 6.4.3 Junction-resolving Enzymes are Dimeric -- 6.4.4 Structures of the Junction-resolving Enzymes -- 6.5 Molecular Recognition and Distortion of the Structure of DNA Junctions by Resolving Enzymes -- 6.5.1 Sequence Specificity of the Junction-resolving Enzymes -- 6.5.2 Structural Distortion of DNA Junctions by the Junction-resolving Enzymes -- 6.5.3 Coordination of the Resolution Process -- 6.6 T7 Endonuclease I -- 6.6.1 Biochemistry of Endonuclease I. , 6.6.2 Structure of Endonuclease I -- 6.6.3 The Active Site -- 6.6.4 Catalysis of Phosphodiester Bond Hydrolysis -- 6.6.5 Interaction between Endonuclease I and DNA Junctions -- 6.7 In Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 7 RNA-protein Interactions in Ribonucleoprotein Particles and Ribonucleases -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Experimental Methods used to Determine RNA-protein Complex Structures -- 7.3 RNA-protein Interactions in Ribonucleoprotein Particles -- 7.3.1 Ribosome -- 7.3.2 RNAi Complexes -- 7.3.3 Signal Recognition Particle -- 7.3.4 s(no)RNPs -- 7.3.5 RNA Editing Complexes -- 7.4 RNA-protein Interactions in Ribonucleases -- 7.4.1 RNase E -- 7.4.2 RNase II -- 7.4.3 RNase III -- 7.4.4 Restrictocin -- 7.4.5 RNA Splicing Endonucleases -- 7.4.6 tRNase Z -- 7.5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8 Bending and Compaction of DNA by Proteins -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Forces Controlling DNA Rigidity -- 8.2.1 DNA Elasticity and the Influence of DNA Sequence -- 8.2.2 Base Stacking Primarily Controls Helix Rigidity -- 8.2.3 Electrostatic Forces Modulate DNA Bending -- 8.3 Bending of DNA at High Resolution -- 8.3.1 Helix Parameters Controlling DNA Structure -- 8.3.1.1 Roll and Tilt -- 8.3.1.2 Twist -- 8.3.1.3 Propeller Twist, Slide, and Shift -- 8.3.1.4 Changes in DNA Groove Width -- 8.3.2 Influence of Exocyclic Groups on Base Stacking -- 8.3.3 Flexibility of Dinucleotide Steps -- 8.3.3.1 Pyrimidine-purine (Y-R) Steps -- 8.3.3.2 Purine-purine (R-R) or Pyrimidine-pyrimidine (Y-Y) Steps -- 8.3.3.3 Purine-pyrimidine (R-Y) Steps -- 8.4 Examples of DNA Bending Proteins -- 8.4.1 Histone Binding to DNA -- 8.4.2 Phage λ Xis Protein -- 8.4.3 Papillomavirus E2 Protein -- 8.4.4 Escherichia coli Fis Protein -- 8.4.4.1 Long-range DNA Condensation by Fis -- 8.4.5 Escherichia coli CAP Protein. , 8.4.6 Prokaryotic HU/IHF Protein Family -- 8.4.6.1 Single-DNA Molecule Analysis of HU/IHF Protein Binding -- 8.4.7 HMGB Protein Family -- 8.4.7.1 Single DNA Molecule Analyses of HMGB Protein Binding -- 8.4.7.2 DNA Binding by HMGB Shares Features with TBP -- 8.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 9 Mode of Action of Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 RNA Folding -- 9.1.2 Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity (RCA) -- 9.1.3 Measuring RCA -- 9.2 Mode of Action of Proteins with RCA -- 9.2.1 RNA Annealing Activity -- 9.2.1.1 Annealing of Protein-bound Guide RNAs with Target RNAs -- 9.2.2 Nucleic Acid Melting Activity -- 9.3 RNA Binding and Restructuring -- 9.3.1 Proteins with RCA Interact with RNA only Weakly -- 9.3.2 Proteins with Specific RNA-binding Affinity -- 9.3.3 Protein Structure and RNA Chaperone Activity -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 10 Structure and Function of DNA Topoisomerases -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Type IA Topoisomerases -- 10.2.1 Overview -- 10.2.2 Structures and Mechanism -- 10.2.3 Type IA Topoisomerase Paralogs -- 10.2.3.1 Topoisomerase III -- 10.2.3.2 Reverse Gyrase -- 10.3 Type IB Topoisomerases -- 10.3.1 Overview -- 10.3.2 General Architecture -- 10.3.3 DNA Recognition and Cleavage -- 10.3.4 Mechanism -- 10.4 Topoisomerase V - The Defining Member of the Type IC Topoisomerases? -- 10.5 Type IIA Topoisomerases -- 10.5.1 Overview -- 10.5.2 Structural Organization -- 10.5.2.1 ATPase Domain -- 10.5.2.2 DNA Breakage/Reunion Domain and the DNA Binding/Cleavage Core -- 10.5.3 Duplex DNA Transport Mechanism -- 10.5.3.1 Type IIA Topoisomerase Paralogs: Role of the C-terminal Domain in Modulating Duplex Transport -- 10.5.4 Physiological Specialization of Type IIA Topoisomerases -- 10.6 Type IIB Topoisomerases -- 10.6.1 Overview -- 10.6.2 Structure -- 10.6.3 Mechanism -- 10.7 Conclusions. , Acknowledgements.

Anmerkung: Ebook , Chapter 1: Introduction-- Chapter 2: The role of water and effects of small ions in site-specific protein-DNA interactions-- Chapter 3: Structural Basis for Sequence-Specific DNA Recognition by Transcription Factors and their Complexes-- Chapter 4: Indirect Readout Of DNA Sequence by Proteins-- Chapter 5: Single-stranded Nucleic Acid (SSNA)-binding Proteins-- Chapter 6: DNA junctions and their interaction with resolving enzymes-- Chapter 7: RNA-protein Interactions in Ribonucleoprotein Particles and Ribonucleases-- Chapter 8: Bending and compaction of DNA by proteins-- Chapter 9: Mode of Action of Proteins with RNA Chaperone Activity-- Chapter 10: Structure and Function of DNA Topoisomerases-- Chapter 11: DNA Transposases-- Chapter 12: Site-Specific Recombinases-- Chapter 13: DNA Nucleases-- Chapter 14: RNA-modifying enzymes.

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