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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deep Learning for Human Activity Recognition : Second International Workshop, DL-HAR 2020, Held in Conjunction with IJCAI-PRICAI 2020, Kyoto, Japan, January 8, 2021, Proceedings. (2021)
    Singapore :Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,
    Details
    Keywords: Machine learning-Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (150 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789811605758
    Series Statement: Communications in Computer and Information Science Series ; v.1370
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6480824
    DDC: 006.31
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents -- Human Activity Recognition Using Wearable Sensors: Review, Challenges, Evaluation Benchmark -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data-Sets -- 2.1 Data-Set Preparation -- 3 Literature Review -- 3.1 Hand Crafted Methods -- 3.2 CNN Based Methods -- 3.3 LSTM-CNN Methods -- 3.4 CNN-LSTM Methods -- 4 Proposed Hybrid Approach -- 4.1 Feature Extraction -- 4.2 NN Architecture -- 5 Experimental Results -- 5.1 Evaluation Metric -- 5.2 Experimental Set-Up -- 5.3 Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Wheelchair Behavior Recognition for Visualizing Sidewalk Accessibility by Deep Neural Networks -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sidewalk Accessibility Visualization -- 2.1 Proposed System -- 2.2 Related Work -- 3 Estimate Sidewalk Accessibilities -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Classifying Road Surface Conditions -- 3.3 Weakly Supervised Knowledge Extraction -- 3.3.1 Methodology -- 3.3.2 Analysis -- 3.4 Self-supervised Knowledge Extraction -- 3.4.1 Methodology -- 3.4.2 Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Toward Data Augmentation and Interpretation in Sensor-Based Fine-Grained Hand Activity Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Human Activity Recognition -- 2.2 Generative Adversarial Networks -- 3 GAN-Based Data Augmentation -- 3.1 Data Transformation -- 3.2 Architecture Description -- 4 Experiments and Analysis -- 4.1 Implementation Details -- 4.2 Improving Classifier's Performance -- 4.3 Data Visualization -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Personalization Models for Human Activity Recognition with Distribution Matching-Based Metrics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 User-Adaptive Models -- 2.2 Distribution Distance Metrics -- 3 Method -- 4 Experiment -- 5 Results -- 5.1 Nearest-FID-Neighbor -- 5.2 FID-Graph Clustering -- 6 Conclusion -- References. , Resource-Constrained Federated Learning with Heterogeneous Labels and Models for Human Activity Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Our Approach -- 3.1 Problem Formulation -- 3.2 Proposed Framework -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 4.1 Discussion on Results -- 4.2 On-Device Performance -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- ARID: A New Dataset for Recognizing Action in the Dark -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Action Recognition in the Dark Dataset -- 4 Experiments and Discussions -- 4.1 Experimental Settings -- 4.2 Frame Enhancement Methods -- 4.3 Statistical and Visual Analysis of ARID -- 4.4 Classification Results on ARID -- 4.5 Feature Visualization with ARID -- 4.6 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Single Run Action Detector over Video Stream - A Privacy Preserving Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Activity Recognition Using Wearable Sensors -- 2.2 Action Recognition in Video Data -- 2.3 Spatio-Temporal Human Action Detection -- 3 Single Run-Action Detector -- 3.1 Training Loss -- 4 Results and Evaluations -- 4.1 Results on UCF-Sports Dataset -- 4.2 Results on UR Fall Dataset -- 4.3 Real-Time Execution -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Efficacy of Model Fine-Tuning for Personalized Dynamic Gesture Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Method -- 3.1 User Dataset -- 3.2 Global Model Training -- 3.3 Data Augmentation -- 3.4 Personalization Strategy -- 3.5 Metric -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Fine-Tuned Layers -- 4.2 Training Samples -- 4.3 Batch Size and Learning Rate -- 4.4 Per-User Performance -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Fully Convolutional Network Bootstrapped by Word Encoding and Embedding for Activity Recognition in Smart Homes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Traditional HAR Approaches -- 2.2 Deep Learning Approaches -- 2.3 NLP and TSC Coupling -- 3 Methodology. , 3.1 Problem Definition -- 3.2 NLP Encoding -- 3.3 FCN Structure -- 3.4 Sliding Window -- 4 Experimental Setup -- 4.1 Datasets Description -- 4.2 SEW Parameters -- 4.3 Networks Parameters -- 4.4 Hardware and Software Setup -- 4.5 Evaluation Method -- 5 Experimental Results -- 5.1 FCNs and LSTMs Performances -- 5.2 Training Time -- 5.3 Encoding Impact -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Discussion and Future Directions -- References -- Towards User Friendly Medication Mapping Using Entity-Boosted Two-Tower Neural Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Task Definition -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Entity Boosted Two-Tower Neural Network -- 4 Experiments -- 4.1 Dataset and Evaluation Metrics -- 4.2 Experimental Details -- 5 Results and Discussion -- 5.1 Medication Clustering Result -- 6 Related Work -- 7 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Author Index.
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  • 2
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    The role of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production during Hurricane Gustav (2008) (2020)
    European Geosciences Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Zang, Z., Xue, Z. G., Xu, K., Bentley, S. J., Chen, Q., D'Sa, E. J., Zhang, L., & Ou, Y. The role of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production during Hurricane Gustav (2008). Biogeosciences, 17(20), (2020): 5043-5055, doi:10.5194/bg-17-5043-2020.
    Description: We introduced a sediment-induced light attenuation algorithm into a biogeochemical model of the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system. A fully coupled ocean–atmospheric–sediment–biogeochemical simulation was carried out to assess the impact of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production in the northern Gulf of Mexico during the passage of Hurricane Gustav in 2008. When compared with model results without sediment-induced light attenuation, our new model showed a better agreement with satellite data on both the magnitude of nearshore chlorophyll concentration and the spatial distribution of offshore bloom. When Hurricane Gustav approached, resuspended sediment shifted the inner shelf ecosystem from a nutrient-limited one to a light-limited one. Only 1 week after Hurricane Gustav's landfall, accumulated nutrients and a favorable optical environment induced a posthurricane algal bloom in the top 20 m of the water column, while the productivity in the lower water column was still light-limited due to slow-settling sediment. Corresponding with the elevated offshore NO3 flux (38.71 mmol N m−1 s−1) and decreased chlorophyll flux (43.10 mg m−1 s−1), the outer shelf posthurricane bloom should have resulted from the cross-shelf nutrient supply instead of the lateral dispersed chlorophyll. Sensitivity tests indicated that sediment light attenuation efficiency affected primary production when sediment concentration was moderately high. Model uncertainties due to colored dissolved organic matter and parameterization of sediment-induced light attenuation are also discussed.
    Description: This research has been supported by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. CCF-1856359, EnvS-1903340, OCE-1635837 and EAR-1427389), NASA (grant no. NNH17ZHA002C), the Louisiana Board of Regents (grant no. NASA/LEQSF(2018-20)-Phase3-11) and the LSU Foundation Billy and Ann Harrison Endowment for Sedimentary Geology.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Highly heterogeneous mantle caused by recycling of oceanic lithosphere from the mantle transition zone (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Geochemical heterogeneities observed in the mantle are usually attributed to recycling of oceanic lithosphere through subduction. However, it remains hotly debated where recycled material stagnates, and how quickly it can be liberated back to surface. This knowledge gap hinders our understanding of mantle circulation and the chemical evolution of the Earth. Here we address these questions using a combination of geochronology and geochemistry from South China Sea (SCS) seamounts. The Shixingbei seamount lavas formed during active seafloor spreading at c. 19.1 Ma show limited geochemical variability, whereas the Zhenbei-Huangyan seamount chain formed during the post-spreading stage at c. 7.8 Ma and displays a wide range of compositions. However, melt inclusions in olivine and plagioclase from the Zhenbei-Huangyan basalts show considerably greater isotopic variability than seen in the whole rock compositions of both the SCS syn- and post-spreading lavas. A previously unidentified third mantle source component (FOZO) revealed by olivine-hosted melt inclusions along with both depleted (DMM) and enriched (EMII) mantle components is required in the source region to explain the observed isotopic and chemical variability. On the basis of our results, the age of the recycled ocean crust and sediments in this region are estimated to be c. 120 – 350 Ma. We infer that these enriched components in the SCS lavas come from the mantle transition zone. Variations in mantle source heterogeneity coupled with melting process control spatial–temporal (spreading vs. post-spreading stage) geochemical variations of lavas from the SCS and surrounding areas. Together with the results from published studies, we propose that marginal basins are one of the major locations on Earth where oceanic and/or continental lithosphere is transferred into the upper mantle and transition zone, representing an important source of upper mantle heterogeneity. We provide a simple conceptual model linking plate subduction and upper mantle heterogeneity and the volcanism in the SCS and surrounding areas.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Determining minimum set of driver nodes in protein-protein interaction networks (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Background: Recently, several studies have drawn attention to the determination of a minimum set of driver proteins that are important for the control of the underlying protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. In general, the minimum dominating set (MDS) model is widely adopted. However, because the MDS model does not generate a unique MDS configuration, multiple different MDSs would be generated when using different optimization algorithms. Therefore, among these MDSs, it is difficult to find out the one that represents the true driver set of proteins. Results: To address this problem, we develop a centrality-corrected minimum dominating set (CC-MDS) model which includes heterogeneity in degree and betweenness centralities of proteins. Both the MDS model and the CC-MDS model are applied on three human PPI networks. Unlike the MDS model, the CC-MDS model generates almost the same sets of driver proteins when we implement it using different optimization algorithms. The CC-MDS model targets more high-degree and high-betweenness proteins than the uncorrected counterpart. The more central position allows CC-MDS proteins to be more important in maintaining the overall network connectivity than MDS proteins. To indicate the functional significance, we find that CC-MDS proteins are involved in, on average, more protein complexes and GO annotations than MDS proteins. We also find that more essential genes, aging genes, disease-associated genes and virus-targeted genes appear in CC-MDS proteins than in MDS proteins. As for the involvement in regulatory functions, the sets of CC-MDS proteins show much stronger enrichment of transcription factors and protein kinases. The results about topological and functional significance demonstrate that the CC-MDS model can capture more driver proteins than the MDS model. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, the CC-MDS model presents to be a powerful tool for the determination of driver proteins that can control the underlying PPI networks. The software described in this paper and the datasets used are available at https://github.com/Zhangxf-ccnu/CC-MDS.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2105
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 5
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    Identifying binary protein-protein interactions from affinity purification mass spectrometry data (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-06
    Description: Background: The identification of protein-protein interactions contributes greatly to the understanding of functional organization within cells. With the development of affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) techniques, several computational scoring methods have been proposed to detect protein interactions from AP-MS data. However, most of the current methods focus on the detection of co-complex interactions and do not discriminate between direct physical interactions and indirect interactions. Consequently, less is known about the precise physical wiring diagram within cells. Results: In this paper, we develop a Binary Interaction Network Model (BINM) to computationally identify direct physical interactions from co-complex interactions which can be inferred from purification data using previous scoring methods. This model provides a mathematical framework for capturing topological relationships between direct physical interactions and observed co-complex interactions. It reassigns a confidence score to each observed interaction to indicate its propensity to be a direct physical interaction. Then observed interactions with high confidence scores are predicted as direct physical interactions. We run our model on two yeast co-complex interaction networks which are constructed by two different scoring methods on a same combined AP-MS data. The direct physical interactions identified by various methods are comprehensively benchmarked against different reference sets that provide both direct and indirect evidence for physical contacts. Experiment results show that our model has a competitive performance over the state-of-the-art methods. Conclusions: According to the results obtained in this study, BINM is a powerful scoring method that can solely use network topology to predict direct physical interactions from AP-MS data. This study provides us an alternative approach to explore the information inherent in AP-MS data. The software can be downloaded from https://github.com/Zhangxf-ccnu/BINM.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2164
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 6
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    Effectiveness of novel, lower-cost molecular human papillomavirus-based tests for cervical cancer screening in rural China (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-01
    Description: This study examined the efficacy of the OncoE6™ Cervical Test, careHPV™, and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) in identifying women at risk for cervical cancer and their capability to detect incident cervical precancer and cancer at one year follow-up. In a population of 7,543 women living in rural China, women provided a self-collected and two clinician-collected specimens and underwent visual inspection after acetic acid (VIA). All screen positive women for any of the tests and a ∼10% random sample of test-negative women that underwent colposcopy at baseline, and an additional ∼10% random sample of test-negative women who did not undergo colposcopy at baseline (n =3,290) were recruited. 2,904 women were rescreened one year later using the same tests, colposcopic referral criteria, and procedures. Sensitivities of baseline tests to detect one-year cumulative cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or cancer (CIN3+) were 96.5% and 81.6% for careHPV™ on clinician-collected and self-collected specimens, respectively, and 54.4% for OncoE6™ test. The OncoE6™ test was very specific (99.1%) and had the greatest positive predictive value (PPV) (47.7%) for CIN3+. Baseline and one-year follow-up cervical specimens testing HPV DNA positive was sensitive (88.0%) but poorly predictive (5.5-6.0%) of incident CIN2+ whereas testing repeat HPV16, 18 and 45 E6 positive identified only 24.0% of incident CIN2+ but had a predictive value of 33.3%. This study highlights the different utility of HPV DNA and E6 tests, the former as a screening and the latter as a diagnostic test, for detection of cervical precancer and cancer. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0020-7136
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0215
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 7
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    Magmatic processes within the plumbing system of the ultraslow-spreading southwest Indian ridge: constraints from olivine, plagioclase and melt inclusions (2024)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Processes taking place within the magma plumbing system can exert an important control on the composition of mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). Plagioclase ultraphyric basalts (PUBs) found at magma-poor mid-ocean ridges exhibit diverse disequilibrium characteristics, which can provide vital insights for distinguishing the complex effects of melt transport from those of source heterogeneity on the compositions of MORBs. Here, we present new insights into magmatic processes using integrated petrologic and geochemical studies of the PUBs from two zones (~ 50° and ~ 64°E longitude) along the ultraslow-spreading southwest Indian ridge (SWIR). The studied PUBs have complex mineral morphologies, including skeletal and acicular crystals, glomerocrysts with open and closed structure, reverse and normally zoned crystals and external and internal resorption even in single samples. Both low- and high-Fo olivine and An plagioclase crystals are in disequilibrium with their matrix glasses. Some plagioclase phenocrysts have repeated oscillatory zoning (An77–86) going from their core to rim and an abrupt decrease in An content toward the rim. Disequilibrium Sr isotopic compositions are present at several scales: between cores and rims of plagioclase crystals, between different plagioclase crystals and between plagioclase and their host lavas. Inferred pressures of magma storage range from 0.3 to 11.3 kbar. The textural and compositional diversity of crystals together with the variability in melt compositions reflect the combined influences of source heterogeneity and magmatic processes (e.g. crystallization, assimilation and magma mixing processes) taking place within crystal mushes. Our data combined with previous studies suggest that the magmatic processes within the SWIR magma plumbing system involve formation, disaggregation and juxtaposition of crystal-rich mush zones.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    IJERPH, Vol. 12, Pages 10897-10909: Factors Associated with Fatigue among Men Aged 45 and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study (2015)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-03
    Description: Background and Purpose: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms reported in several studies; but few studies have concentrated on the male population, especially for the middle-aged and older men who are exposed to greater fatigue risk. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of fatigue and identify the risk factors of fatigue among men aged 45 and older in China. Methods: This study was part of a cross-sectional study on community health in Shunde (Guangdong Province, China). A total sample of 1158 men aged 45 and older were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, health and lifestyle factors and the Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) were measured by structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to determine the risk factors of fatigue. Results: Approximately 30% of participants experienced fatigue. Older age (≥75 years: adjusted OR 3.88, 95% CI 2.09–7.18), single marital status (1.94, 1.04–3.62), unemployed status (1.68, 1.16–2.43), number of self-reported chronic diseases (≥2 chronic diseases: 2.83, 1.86–4.31), number of individuals’ children (≥4 children: 2.35, 1.33–4.15), hospitalization in the last year (1.61, 1.03–2.52) were all significantly associated with increased risk of fatigue, while regular exercise (0.46, 0.32–0.65) was a protective factor against fatigue. Conclusions: Fatigue was usual in males and several factors were associated with the fatigue. These findings may have implication in risk assessment of fatigue and help in developing and implementing targeted interventions in middle-aged and elderly males.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 9
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    Genes, Vol. 7, Pages 45: Imbalance between Glutamate and GABA in Fmr1 Knockout Astrocytes Influences Neuronal Development (2016)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
    In: Genes
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-08-11
    Description: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a form of inherited mental retardation that results from the absence of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), the product of the Fmr1 gene. Numerous studies have shown that FMRP expression in astrocytes is important in the development of FXS. Although astrocytes affect neuronal dendrite development in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, the factors released by astrocytes are still unclear. We cultured wild type (WT) cortical neurons in astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) from WT or Fmr1 KO mice. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting were performed to detect the dendritic growth of both WT and KO neurons. We determined glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The total neuronal dendritic length was reduced when cultured in the Fmr1 KO ACM. This neurotoxicity was triggered by an imbalanced release of glutamate and GABA from Fmr1 KO astrocytes. We found increased glutaminase and GABA transaminase (GABA-T) expression and decreased monoamine oxidase B expression in Fmr1 KO astrocytes. The elevated levels of glutamate contributed to oxidative stress in the cultured neurons. Vigabatrin (VGB), a GABA-T inhibitor, reversed the changes caused by glutamate and GABA release in Fmr1 KO astrocytes and the abnormal behaviors in Fmr1 KO mice. Our results indicate that the imbalance in the astrocytic glutamate and GABA release may be involved in the neuropathology and the underlying symptoms of FXS, and provides a therapeutic target for treatment.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4425
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
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  • 10
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    Specific localization of nesprin-1-α2, the short isoform of nesprin-1 with a KASH domain, in developing, fetal and regenerating muscle, using a new monoclonal antibody (2016)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-28
    Description: Nesprin-1-giant (1008kD) is a protein of the outer nuclear membrane that links nuclei to the actin cytoskeleton via amino-terminal calponin homology domains. The short nesprin-1 isoform, nesprin-1-α2, is prese...
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2121
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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