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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Virulence phenotypes of Shigella flexneri 2a avirulent mutant 24570 can be complemented by the plasmid-coded positive regulator virF gene (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 92 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Avirulent mutation of an opaque colony variant of Shigella flexneri 2a designated 24570 has been believed to be linked with the glpK locus of the chromosome. However, avirulent phenotypes of the 24570 strain could be complemented by the invasion plasmid-coded virF gene, a positive regulator for invasion genes. The 24570 strain had a DNA structural alteration upstream of the virF gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05264.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent gene conversion in an Escherichia coli rec + strain is explained by multiple rounds of reciprocal crossing-over (1988)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 212 (1988), S. 393-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Homologous recombination ; recA ; recF ; Holliday structure ; Mismatch repair
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Gene conversion, the non-reciprocal transfer of sequence information between homologous DNA sequences, has been reported in lower eukaryotes, mammals and in Escherichia coli. In an E. coli rec + strain, we established a plasmid carrying two different deleted neo genes (neoDL and neoDR) in an inverted orientation and then selected for homologous recombination events that had reconstructed an intact neo + gene. We found some plasmids that had apparently experienced intramolecular gene conversion. Further evidence, however, suggests that they are products of multiple rounds of reciprocal crossing-over,apparently involving two plasmid molecules. First, most of the Neo+ clones contained multiple types of Neo+ plasmids, although the frequency of producing the neo + clones was low. Second, all the neo + clones also contained, as a minority, one particular form of dimer, which can be formed by reciprocal crossing-over between neoDL of one plasmid molecule and neoDR of another plasmid molecule. Third, in reconstruction experiments, we cloned and purified this dimer and transferred it back into the rec + cells. The dimer gave rise to clones containing multiple types of neo + recombinant monomers, including those apparent gene conversion types, and containing only few molecules of this dimer plasmid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330842
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two stages of the differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3; Commitment by 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and promotion by DMSO (1986)
    Springer
    Bioscience reports 6 (1986), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4935
    Keywords: differentiation ; Hl-60 cells ; 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 ; commitment ; promotion ; DMSO
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 was found to be separated into two stages, i.e. commitment and promotion. Most of the HL-60 cells were committed to monocyte/macrophage lineage by pretreatment with 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (5–50 ng/ml) for 18–24 hr. The promotion in the second stage was inducer and lineage independent; treatment with 1.25% DMSO for 2 or 3 days promoted the differentiation of the committed HL-60 cells by 1α,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 into monocyte/macrophage lineage, but not granulocyte lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01145184
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene conversion in the Escherichia coli RecF pathway: a successive half crossing-over model (1992)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 234 (1992), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Homologous recombination ; Plasmid linear multimer ; Yeast mating-type switching ; Antigenic variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Gene conversion - apparently non-reciprocal transfer of sequence information between homologous DNA sequences - has been reported in various organisms. Frequent association of gene conversion with reciprocal exchange (crossing-over) of the flanking sequences in meiosis has formed the basis of the current view that gene conversion reflects events at the site of interaction during homologous recombination. In order to analyze mechanisms of gene conversion and homologous recombination in an Escherichia coli strain with an active RecF pathway (recBC sbcBC), we first established in cells of this strain a plasmid carrying two mutant neo genes, each deleted for a different gene segment, in inverted orientation. We then selected kanamycin-resistant plasmids that had reconstituted an intact neo + gene by homologous recombination. We found that all the neo + plasmids from these clones belonged to the gene-conversion type in the sense that they carried one neo + gene and retained one of the mutant neo genes. This apparent gene conversion was, however, only very rarely accompanied by apparent crossing-over of the flanking sequences. This is in contrast to the case in a rec + strain. or in a strain with an active RecE pathway (recBC sbcA). Our further analyses, especially comparisons with apparent gene conversion in the rec + strain, led us to propose a mechanism for this biased gene conversion. This “successive half crossing-over model” proposes that the elementary recombinational process is half crossing;-over in the sense that it generates only one recombinant DNA duplex molecule, and leaves one or two free end(s), out of two parental DNA duplexes. The resulting free end is, the model assumes, recombinogenic and frequently engages in a second round of half crossing-over with the recombinant duplex. The products resulting from such interaction involving two molecules of the plasmid would be classified as belonging to the gene-conversion type without crossing-over. We constructed a dimeric molecule that mimics the intermediate form hypothesized in this model and introduced it into cells. Biased gene conversion products were obtained in this reconstruction experiment. The half crossing-over mechanism can also explain formation of huge linear multimers of bacterial plasmids, the nature of transcribable recombination products in bacterial conjugation, chromosomal gene conversion not accompanied by flanking exchange (like that in yeast mating-type switching), and antigenic variation in microorganisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272339
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Homologous recombination in a mammalian plasmid (1990)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 222 (1990), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Bovine papillomavirus type 1 ; Plasmid rescue ; Non-reciprocality ; Single clone analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) shuttle vectors replicate as a circular plasmid in mouse cell nuclei without impairing host cell viability. We used these vectors to analyze homologous recombination in mammalian cells. When several BPV-based plasmids carrying direct repeats were introduced into C127 cells, we detected many recombinant plasmid molecules that have lost the sequence between the repeats. Many recombinant type molecules as well as parental type molecules were detected in all the cell clones isolated for analysis. Sequencing after rescue of the plasmid inEscherichia coli showed that most of the recombinants were from accurate homologous recombination. When the repeats on the plasmid were in inverted orientation, no crossing-over type products were detected. We discuss possible mechanisms that explain these features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00633816
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonal variation of adenylyl cyclase activity in a rat tumor cell line caused by change in G protein-catalytic unit interaction (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 144 (1990), S. 448-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Two subclones of the rat XC cell line characterized by different morphology exhibited quite different adenylyl cyclase responses upon various stimulations. Upon treatment with cholera toxin, clone RK1 accumulated a high level of intracellular cAMP thereby changing its polygonal morphology to an elongated morphology, while the other clone, LK1, with a fibroblastic morphology, failed to increase the intracellular cAMP and remained morphologically unchanged. When membrane fractions derived from these two clones were stimulated with 10 μM forskolin, 10 μM GTPλS, or 10 mM NaF, five- to 20-fold more cAMP was accumulated in RK1-derived membranes than in LK1-derived membranes. With the same membrane fractions, upon treatment with Mn++, which directly stimulates the catalytic unit, a high level of cAMP was accumulated both in RK1 and LK1, indicating that the catalytic function inducible by Mn++ was similar in both clones. There was no significant difference in the level of expression of G protein α2, αi (at least αi1 and αi2), and β subunits between LK1 and RK1. Cholateextracts of the membrane protein of LK1 and RK1 reconstituted the adenylyl cyclase activity of the cyc variant of S49 lymphoma cells to the same level. Therefore, it is inferred that the defect in LK1 resides in the interaction of stimulatory G proteins and the actual catalyst.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041440312
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