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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion of fullerenes to diamond under high pressure and high temperature (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 822-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fullerenes have been converted to diamond crystals with the size of 0.1 mm at 5.0–5.5 GPa and 1400 °C, using NiMnCo catalyst. They are similar to graphite in the growing phenomena. They are transformed into diamond directly without being graphitized first.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112242
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrafine AIN and Al-AlN powders: Preparation by DC Arc plasma and thermal treatment (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 9 (1997), S. 156-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19970090214
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Insight into Proton Transfer in Phosphotungstic Acid Functionalized Mesoporous Silica-Based Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2014)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-26
    Description: Journal of the American Chemical Society DOI: 10.1021/ja411268q
    Print ISSN: 0002-7863
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5126
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 4
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    The Mid-Lithospheric Discontinuity caused by channel flow in the cratonic lithosphere (2023)
    Wiley | AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-21
    Description: Stable cratons with a thick (〉 200 km) and cold lithosphere form rheologically strong plates that move atop a ductile asthenospheric mantle. Various types of seismic observations show the presence of a potentially rheologically weak zone at depths of ca. 80 – 150 km termed the Mid-Lithosphere Discontinuity (MLD). While various mechanisms may explain the MLD, the dynamic processes leading to the seismic observations are unclear. We propose that the MLD can be caused by channel flow in the lower lithosphere, triggered by negative Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities at cratonic margins in the Archean, when the mantle was hotter than at present. Presence of a chemically distinct, low-density cratonic lithospheric root is required to initiate the process. Numerical modeling shows that the top of the channel flow creates a shear zone at a depth comparable to the globally observed seismic MLD. Grain size reduction in the shear zone and accumulation of percolated melts or fluids along the channel top may reduce seismic wave speeds as observed in the MLD, while the channel flow itself may explain radial anisotropy of seismic wave speeds. Secular cooling of the Earth deepens the top of the channel flow on a 1 Gyr scale, and early-stage large-scale (1000’s km long) channel flow deformation switches to a different deformation style with a smaller (100’s km) wavelength. These different flow patterns may explain the different seismic response of the MLD and the lithosphere base.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 5
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    Incipient ocean spreading beneath the Arabian shield (2022)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Formation of new oceans by continental break-up is understood as a continuous evolution from rifting to ocean spreading. The Red Sea is one of few locations on Earth where a new plate boundary presently forms. Its evolution provides key information on how the plate tectonics operates and how the plate boundaries form and evolve in time. While the new plate boundary has already been formed in the southern Red Sea where ocean spreading is active, the north-central segment still experiences continental rifting. The region also has west-east asymmetry: in the north-central Red Sea the rift-related magmatism is not located beneath the rift axis, as conventional models predict, but instead is offset by ca 300 km into Arabia. We propose a new geodynamic model which explains the enigmatic asymmetry of the Red Sea region and is fully consistent with various types of geological and geophysical observations. We demonstrate that the north-central rift is a transient feature that will not develop into coincident ocean spreading. Instead, the new plate boundary forms across Arabia. Our numerical experiments, supported by geological, seismic and gravity observations, predict that in 1–5 Myr the north-central extensional axis will jump ~300 km eastward into Arabia. The Ad Damm strike-slip fault, normal to the central Red Sea rift axis, will evolve into a transform fault between the on-going ocean spreading in the southern Red Sea and the future spreading in north-central Arabia. We demonstrate that crustal-scale weakness zones control lithosphere extension and lead to long-distance jumps of extensional axes in continental lithosphere not affected by hotspots. Therefore, our model also provides theoretical basis for understanding dynamics and mechanisms of the transition from rifting to continental break-up at passive continental margins not affected by hotspots.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    The Mid‐Lithospheric Discontinuity Caused by Channel Flow in Proto‐Cratonic Mantle (2023)
    Wiley | AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Global geophysical observations show the presence of the enigmatic mid‐lithospheric discontinuity (MLD) at depths of ca. 80–150 km which may question the stability and internal structure of the continental lithosphere. While various mechanisms may explain the MLD, the dynamic processes leading to the seismic observations are unclear. Here we present a physical mechanism for the origin of MLD by channel flow in the cratonic mantle lithosphere, triggered by convective instabilities at cratonic margins in the Archean when the mantle was hot. Our numerical modeling shows that the top of the frozen‐in channel flow creates a shear zone at a depth comparable to the globally observed seismic MLD. Grain size reduction in the shear zone and accumulation of percolated melts or fluids along the channel top may reduce seismic wave speeds as observed below the MLD, while the channel flow itself may explain radial anisotropy of seismic wave speeds and change in direction of the seismic anisotropic fast axis. The proposed mechanism is valid for a broad range of physically realistic parameters and that MLD may have been preserved since its formation in the Archean. The intensity of the channel flow ceased with time due to secular cooling of the Earth's interior. The new mechanism may reshape our understanding of the evolution and stability of cratonic lithosphere.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Structural Changes in Rice Bran Protein upon Different Extrusion Temperatures: A Raman Spectroscopy Study (2016)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-04
    Description: Raman spectroscopy is critically evaluated to establish the limits to which it may be used to detect changes in protein conformation upon extrusion. Rice bran protein (RBP) extruded with different temperatures (100, 120, 140, and 160°C, labeled as ERBP-) was considered. DSC showed that extrusion at 100°C increased of RBP but decreased its , while, after extrusion treatment at 120°C, RBP completely denatured. A progressive increase in unordered structure and a general decrease in α-helix structure and β-sheet structure of extruded RBP were observed from Raman study. Meanwhile the content of unordered structure increased up to 140°C and then decreased at 160°C, while the trend of α-helix and β-sheet content was opposite, which was contributed to the composite effect of formation of some more protein aggregation and protein denaturation. Extrusion generally induced a significant decrease in Trp band near 760 cm−1 but an increase at 160°C. No significant difference was observed in Tyr doublet ratios between controlled RBP samples and extruded RBP below 160°C, whereas Tyr doublet ratios of extruded RBP decreased at 160°C. Intensity of the band assigned to bending decreased progressively and then increased as extrusion temperature increased, indicating changes in microenvironment and polarity.
    Print ISSN: 2090-9063
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
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    Cuprate-like Electronic Properties in Superlattices with AgIIF2 Square Sheet (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-25
    Description: Using the generalized gradient approximation augmented with maximally localized Wannier functions analysis, we present the formation of cuprate-like electronic structures in AgIIF2–related superlattices resulted from the confinement together with structural chemical modification. The out–of–plane electronic reconstruction leads to electron doping of AgF2 plane and gradually destablizes the antiferromagnetic state. Eventually a stable nonmagnetic metallic state emerges by applying in–plane tensile strain, in which the shape of effective Fermi surface of AgF2 plane exhibits the key feature of high–temperature cuprate superconductor. Scientific Reports 4 doi: 10.1038/srep05420
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Modified self-Kerr-nonlinearity in a four-level N-type atomic system (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-11
    Description: Author(s): Jiteng Sheng, Xihua Yang, Haibin Wu, and Min Xiao [Phys. Rev. A 84, 053820] Published Thu Nov 10, 2011
    Keywords: Quantum optics, physics of lasers, nonlinear optics, classical optics
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    A Unified Factors Analysis Framework for Discriminative Feature Extraction and Object Recognition (2016)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-27
    Description: Various methods for feature extraction and dimensionality reduction have been proposed in recent decades, including supervised and unsupervised methods and linear and nonlinear methods. Despite the different motivations of these methods, we present in this paper a general formulation known as factor analysis to unify them within a common framework. During factor analysis, an object can be seen as being comprised of content and style factors, and the objective of feature extraction and dimensionality reduction is to obtain the content factor without style factor. There are two vital steps in factor analysis framework; one is the design of factor separating objective function, including the design of partition and weight matrix, and the other is the design of space mapping function. In this paper, classical Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Locality Preserving Projection (LPP) algorithms are improved based on factor analysis framework, and LDA based on factor analysis (FA-LDA) and LPP based on factor analysis (FA-LPP) are proposed. Experimental results show the superiority of our proposed approach in classification performance compared to classical LDA and LPP algorithms.
    Print ISSN: 1024-123X
    Electronic ISSN: 1563-5147
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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