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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular phylogeny of the genus Asparagus (Asparagaceae) inferred from plastid petB intron and petD–rpoA intergenic spacer sequences (2005)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Plant species biology 20 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-1984
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Asparagus (Asparagaceae) is a large genus that is widely distributed in arid and subarid regions of the Old World. To investigate the phylogenetic relationships within this genus, the intron of petB and the intergenic region between petD and rpoA of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) were sequenced. A strict consensus tree resulting from the phylogenetic analysis indicates that southern African species comprise a potentially paraphyletic assemblage and that Eurasian species are monophyletic. This result suggests that the genus Asparagus originated in southern Africa, and that Eurasian species originated from a southern African progenitor. Moreover, extensive survey of the intergenic region between trnL and trnF and the intron of trnL of cpDNA in species of the genus Asparagus displayed no sequence differences despite the non-coding regions frequently used to reconstruct intrageneric phylogenies. Therefore, we hypothesized that rapid radiation of this genus might have been influenced by the gaining of unique characteristics, such as phylloclades, in order to adapt to the dry environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.2005.00131.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bilateral testicular tumors: A report of nine cases with long-term follow-up (2002)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 9 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : The incidence and clinical features of bilateral germ cell testicular tumor (GCTT) in the Japanese population are not fully characterized. We examined the incidence, clinical features, management and outcome, sexual status, hormonal environment, implication of androgen replacement, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing of bilateral GCTT.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉 Methods :We treated nine consecutive patients with bilateral GCTT from 1980 through to 1999, and reviewed their hospital and clinic charts. Testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate were measured in bilateral orchiectomized patients. Human leukocyte antigen typing was assessed with peripheral lymphocyte.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉 Results :The incidence of bilateral GCTT against the total number of patients with GCTT was 9/274 (3.3%). The median age of the first tumor was 29 (range 21–75) years. Three cases were synchronous and the remaining six cases were metachronous. In the case of metachronous tumor, the median interval between first and contralateral tumor was 8 (range 2–25) years. Standard treatment was defined as surveillance policy in stage I, chemotherapy for higher stages of non-seminoma, and radiotherapy for stage II seminoma. Human leukocyte antigen typing was examined for seven cases. Five cases were positive for HLA-A24. The incidence of HLA-A24 in bilateral GCTT was identical to that of the Japanese population. The relapsing incidence of stage I disease with surveillance policy was almost identical to unilateral GCTT. A 74-year-old patient with stage II seminoma died of the disease at 1.3 years. The other eight patients remained well without any evidence of recurrence at a median follow-up period of 78 (range 12–204) months. Four patients with bilateral orchiectomy did not require androgen replacement without easy fatigability. Sexual status was conserved using androgen replacement.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉 Conclusions :Long-term follow-up, as long as 25 years, is recommended for contralatelral relapse. Some patients with bilateral orchiectomy do not require androgen replacement. The significance of HLA-A24 for bilateral testicular tumor is equivocal in the Japanese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.2002.00446.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Phylogeny and Coevolution (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant species biology 9 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-1984
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recent advances in molecular phylogenetic estimation in diverse organisms have improved our understanding of coevolution. From the phylogenies of interacting organisms, we can interpret the evolution of adaptive characters, and the history of interaction. Molecular approaches are generally more informative than these based solely on phenotypic characters. Molecular genetic method can be applied to organisms that have only simple morphological features and can be used for comparisons at any taxonomic level. Estimation of divergence time is also possible but still difficult because evolutionary rates of macromolecules are not always constant and suitable fossil records are often not available for calibrating rates of change. Here I review recent progress in the application of molecular techniques to the interpretation of coevolutionary relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.1994.tb00097.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular α-taxonomy of Hymenasplenium obliquissimum Complex (Aspleniaceae) Based on rbcL Sequence Comparisons (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant species biology 13 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-1984
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hymenasplenium obliquissimum (Hayata) Nakaike is easily distinguished from other members of Hymenasplenium by its peculiar thin (two-cell thick) and translucent laminae with no air spaces, which are adapted to their subaquatic habitat. However, there also exist intermediate forms which are similar to H. obliquissimum in gross morphology but live in drier habitats, having thicker (3–4 cell layers) and opaque laminae with air spaces. The two different laminae forms sometimes grow together and create a complex in southwestern China and northern Thailand. In this work, we determined the rbcL sequences of 21 samples from the complex and conducted molecular phylogenetic analysis. Three major clades were detected; one of them was composed only of specimens with thin forms from various localities, supporting the assertion that species with the thin laminae type (H. obliquissimum) are a different biological unit from those with the thicker laminae type. Two clades were recognized as having the thicker laminae type, but we failed to find any morphological difference between them. In the present study, we found sequence variations of the rbcL gene even in a fern species complex which is morphologically hard to distinguish. Such molecular techniques are useful even for monographic works which try to delimit species, especially of morphologically similar taxa like ferns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.1998.tb00247.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decrease in peritoneal mast cell count in rats with adjuvant arthritis. I. Time course and interstrain difference (1980)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 10 (1980), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adjuvant was injected into the left hind paw of Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wistar rats. In SD rats a marked decrease in the mast-cell count and histamine content of the peritoneal fluid and a significant increase in the histamine content as well as the mast-cell count in the mesentery appeared between 1 and 2 weeks after adjuvant injection. This period approximately coincided with that of the development of secondary inflammatory lesions such as polyarthritis. The adjuvant-induced changes in the peritoneal fluid were more marked in SD than in Wistar rats, corresponding to more intense adjuvant arthritis in the SD strain. In Wistar rats a tendency towards an increase in the histamine content of the mesentery was observed from 2 weeks after adjuvant injection. Adjuvant injection did not have any significant effect on the histamine content of the caecum or the skin of either strain. These results show that adjuvant causes a redistribution of mast cells between the peritoneal fluid and the tissues surrounding the peritoneal cavity probably as a result of delayed hypersensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01971430
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide elimination during epinephrine-induced arrhythmias in humans (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of anesthesia 6 (1992), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-8359
    Keywords: Cardiac arrhythmias ; Oxygen uptake ; Carbon dioxide elimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0054020060237
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Phylogeny of Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) Estimated from cpDNA RFLP and its Implication for the Polyploid Origin Hypothesis of the Tribe (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of plant research 113 (2000), S. 91-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-0860
    Keywords: Keywords: Ancient polyploidy, Asteraceae, Chloroplast DNA, Diploidization, Dysploidy, Eupatorieae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Neomirandea (x=17 and 25), Ageratina (x=17) and Sclerolepis (x=15) with the higher chromosome base numbers, and the other includes Mikania (x=17) and the remaining genera with lower chromosome base numbers (x=10–11). However, the monophyly of the former clade is supported with a low bootstrap value. In the latter clade, Mikania (x=17) diverged first, then Stevia (x=11), and finally eight genera with x=10 diverged in succession. This result supports the hypothesis that the genera in the tribe Eupatorieae with x =10 evolved from an ancestor with a higher base number, and the tribe is of polyploid origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00013919
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Taxonomic Study and Revision of the Three Japanese Species of Asplenium sect. Thamnopteris (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of plant research 112 (1999), S. 15-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-0860
    Keywords: Keywords: Allozyme variation, Asplenium sect. Thamnopteris, Asplenium setoi, Molecular taxonomy, rbcL sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Asplenium sect. Thamnopteris or A. nidus L. complex is defined by the synapomorphic character peculiar to Aspleniaceae, an anastomosing vein near the margin of the simple lamina. Thus, it is easily recognizable and its monophyly is quite clear. In spite of its naturalness as the whole group, species delimitation is very confusing. Three species of sect. Thamnopteris, A. antiquum Makino, A. australasicum (J. Smith) Hooker and A. nidus L. have been recognized in Japan, but the naturalness of each species is still not clear because their morphology is too simple to find good qualitative taxonomical characters. In the present work, we examined the intraspecific variation of allozymes and rbcL sequences in the Japanese plants of sect. Thamnopteris and compared them with those from other paleotropical localities in order to recognize natural units in such morphologically simple plants. We found a large amount of genetic variation in this section and inferred that A. antiquum is a species of ancient origin, though morphologically it is not so different from other species of the sect. Thamnopteris. It was also discovered that the so called “A. australasicum” in Japan has a very different rbcL sequence from A. australasicum sensu Holttum, which is distributed in Australia and South Pacific Islands. Based on these molecular data, we described the Japanese “A. australasicum” as a new species, Asplenium setoi N. Murak. et Seriz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00013856
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  • 9
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    Demonstration of a Controlled-Phase Gate for Continuous-Variable One-Way Quantum Computation (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-14
    Description: Author(s): Ryuji Ukai, Shota Yokoyama, Jun-ichi Yoshikawa, Peter van Loock, and Akira Furusawa [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 250501] Published Tue Dec 13, 2011
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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