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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Zurich :Trans Tech Publications, Limited,
    Keywords: Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 17th International Conference on Positron Annihilation (ICPA-17), September 20-25, Wuhan, China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (336 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783035700800
    Series Statement: Defect and Diffusion Forum Series ; v.Volume 373
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Positron Annihilation - ICPA-17 -- Preface, Committees, Sponsors -- Table of Contents -- Memorial -- The Science Enjoyed by Professor Alec T. Stewart -- Chapter 1: Positron and Positronium Physics -- Positron Manipulation and Positronium Laser Excitation in AEgIS -- Enegretics of the Ps Formation: Role of the Solvated Electron -- Low-Energy Ps-Xe Scattering Analyzed Using a Modified Effective Range Theory -- Chapter 2: Modeling and Computational Methods of Calculations -- Positron Lifetime Calculation for Plastic Deformed Nanocrystalline Copper -- Parameter-Free Gradient Correction for Positron States in Oxides -- First-Principles Calculation of Defect Formation and Positron Annihilation States in Bi2Te3 -- First-Principles Study on Positron States at Li-Adsorbed Al(100) Surfaces: Effect of Electron-Positron Correlation -- Chapter 3: Recent Trends in Experimental Techniques -- Simulation Study of Positron Beam Generation via Irradiating an Ultra-Intense Laser on a Hollow Target -- Project for a Source of Polarized Slow Positrons at ELI-NP -- Investigation of Non-Destructive Testing in Inner Cavity with Ant-Nest Structure Based on Positron Annihilation -- Spin-Polarized Positron Annihilation Study on Some Ferromagnets -- CDBTools - Evaluate Positron Annihilation Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectrum -- New Precision Measurement of Hyperfine Splitting of Positronium -- Ionic Liquid Loaded Silica Gel Particles Studied by Spatially Resolved DBS Using a Scanning Positron Beam -- Study of Position-Sensitive PMTs as Gamma Cameras for 2D-ACAR -- Chapter 4: Metals and Alloys -- Temperature Dependence of Radiation Damage in ODS Steel Studied by Triple Beam Irradiation and Positron Annihilation Techniques -- PALS and TEM Study on Irradiation Defects of 12Cr-ODS Steels Induced by He/H Ions. , Study on the Evolution of Defects in Helium-Implanted Tungsten -- The Evolution Behavior of Defects in the Nanofilms of W/Cu and W Probed by Doppler Broadening Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy -- Evolution of the Helium-Related Defect in Polycrystalline Tungsten -- Fe+ Implantation Induced Damage in Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steels Investigated by Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy -- Synergistic Effect on Formation of Radiation Damage in CLAM Steel Studied by Triple Beam Irradiation -- Hydrogen-Induced Defects in Titanium -- Study of Defects Introduced by 2 and 9 MeV Electron Irradiation in B2 Type Fe-Al Alloy -- Structural Relaxation of Open Volume in Hyper-Eutectic Zr-Cu-Al Bulk Amorphous Alloys Measured by Positron Annihilation -- A Preliminary Study of Oxidation Behavior of Mo-50Re Alloy at Different Temperature Using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Positron Spectroscopy of Defects in Hydrogen-Saturated Zirconium -- Study the Effect of Plastic Deformation in 8006 Al-Alloys by Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy, Vickers Hardness and X-Ray Diffraction -- Studies of Microdefects, Thermal Expansion and Magnetic Properties of Fe-Ni-Co Invar Alloys -- Positron Annihilation and TEM Characterization of Cu-Enriched Clusters in the Ferritic Steels Containing Copper -- Irradiation Induced Defects by Fe-Ion in 316L Stainless Steel Studied by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy -- Estimation of Dislocation Concentration in Plastically Deformed FeCrNi Alloy by Positron Annihilation Lifetime -- The Microdefects, Magnetic Properties and Electron Characters of Fe-Ga Alloys -- Strain-Rate Dependence of Vacancy Cluster Size in Hydrogen-Charged Martensitic Steel AISI410 under Tensile Deformation -- Chapter 5: Semiconductors, Ceramics and Compound Materials. , Study of Defects in Croconic Acid Single Crystals Using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy -- Vacancy-Type Defects in GaN for Power Devices Probed by Positron Annihilation -- Effect of FLiBe Infiltration Pressure on Microstructure of Matrix for TMSR Fuel Elements (FEs) -- Study of Defects in High Energy Ion Implanted ZnO Crystals -- Effect of TiO2 Doping on Microdefects and Electrical Properties of ZnO-Based Varistors -- Positron Annihilation Studies on La1-xSrxMnO3 Manganites -- Studies of Microstructure and Electro-Magnetic Transport Property of La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 Ceramic -- Radiation-Induced Defects in Si after High Dose Proton Irradiation -- Modulation of the Dielectric Properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 System with Gd-Substitution -- Effect of Annealing Process on the Photoelectric Properties and Microstructure of Sulfur-Hyperdoped Silicon -- Asymmetric Positron Interactions with Chiral Quartz Crystals? -- Zn-Vacancy Related Defects Identified in ZnO Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition -- Positron Annihilation Spectroscopic Studies of Cu2Te Thermoelectric Material -- Positron Annihilation in TaN Thin Sputtering Films Prepared with Various N2 Partial Pressures -- Effect of La Doping on the Microstucture and Nonlinear Characteristics of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics -- Defect Characterization in Thermoelectric Zn-Sb Systems by Positron Annihilation -- Microstructure and Defects of MgO/ZrO2 Nanocrystals Investigated by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy -- Chapter 6: Polymers, Composites and Porous Materials -- Characterization of Polysulfone/TiO2 Composite Membrane Modified by Plasma -- On the Limits of Sensitivity of PALS to Incorporated Free Volume Holes in Polymeric Membranes and Sorbents: Effect of sc-CO2 in Polyhexafluoropropylene -- A Microstructural Study of Acrylic-Modified Chitosan by Means of PALS and SAXS. , Influence of the Crosslinking Content on the Structural Properties of Polybutadiene Rubbers with Different Isomeric Composition -- Study of Gamma Irradiation Effect on Unplasticized PVC by Positron Annihilation -- Positron Lifetime Annihilation Study of Porous Composites and Silicas Synthesized Using Polymer Templates -- Investigation of Micro-Sized Capsules at High Pressure by PALS Method -- Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy Application to In Situ Monitoring of n-Heptane Sorption in Mesopores -- Characterisation of Porosity in Zirconia-Based Nanopowders -- Positron Annihilation Study of Porous ZnO Synthesized with Soft Template -- Application and Evaluation of 3D Printed Materials with PALS -- Chapter 7: Surfaces and Interfaces -- Observation of a Low Energy Component of Positronium Emitted from Alkali-Metal Coated Polycrystalline Tungsten Surfaces -- Comparative Study of Time-Dependent PAES and XPS on a Ni/Pd Surface -- Investigation of Hydrogen Sorption-Desorption Processes at Gas-Phase Hydrogenation and Defects Formation in Titanium by Means of Electron-Positron Annihilation Techniques -- Ion Desorption from TiO2(110) by Low Energy Positron Impact -- Keyword Index -- Author Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hamburg : Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 14 p. = 158073 B, text
    Edition: [Electronic ed.]
    Series Statement: DESY 95-246
    Language: English
    Note: Differences between the printed and electronic version of the document are possible
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  • 3
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Störfall ; Sicherheitsbehälter ; Aerosol ; Spaltproduktfreisetzung
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 Seiten, 8,24 MB) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMUV 1501551 , Laufzeit: 01.09.2017-30.09.2022 , Literaturverzeichnis: Seite: 156-160 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-12-06
    Description: Background.  The emergence of infections by the novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus has posed a threat to human health. Cross-immunity between A(H7N9) and other heterosubtypic influenza viruses affected by antigenicity-dependent substitutions needs to be investigated. Methods.  We investigated the cellular and humoral immune responses against A(H7N9) and 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09), by serological and T-cell–specific assays, in a healthy population. The molecular bases of the cellular and humoral antigenic variability of A(H7N9) were illuminated by structural determination. Results.  We not only found that antibodies against A(H7N9) were lacking in the studied population, but also revealed that both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells that cross-reacted with A(H7N9) were at significantly lower levels than those against the A(H1N1)pdm09 peptides with substitutions. Moreover, individual peptides for A(H7N9) with low cross-reactivity were identified. Structural determination indicated that substitutions within these peptides influence the antigenic variability of A(H7N9) through both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding and T-cell receptor docking. Conclusions.  The impact of antigenicity-dependent substitutions on cross-reactivity of T-cell immunity against the novel influenza virus A(H7N9) in the healthy population benefits the understanding of immune evasion of influenza viruses and provides a useful reference for universal vaccine development.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1899
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-6613
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-01-18
    Description: Rationale: The sodium–calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1) is predominantly expressed in the heart and is implicated in controlling automaticity in isolated sinoatrial node (SAN) pacemaker cells, but the potential role of NCX1 in determining heart rate in vivo is unknown. Objective: To determine the role of Ncx1 in heart rate. Methods and Results: We used global myocardial and SAN-targeted conditional Ncx1 knockout ( Ncx1 –/– ) mice to measure the effect of the NCX current on pacemaking activity in vivo, ex vivo, and in isolated SAN cells. We induced conditional Ncx1 –/– using a Cre/loxP system. Unexpectedly, in vivo and ex vivo hearts and isolated SAN cells showed that basal rates in Ncx1 –/– (retaining 20% of control level NCX current) and control mice were similar, suggesting that physiological NCX1 expression is not required for determining resting heart rate. However, increases in heart rate and SAN cell automaticity in response to isoproterenol or the dihydropyridine Ca 2+ channel agonist BayK8644 were significantly blunted or eliminated in Ncx1 –/– mice, indicating that NCX1 is important for fight or flight heart rate responses. In contrast, the pacemaker current and L-type Ca 2+ currents were equivalent in control and Ncx1 –/– SAN cells under resting and isoproterenol-stimulated conditions. Ivabradine, a pacemaker current antagonist with clinical efficacy, reduced basal SAN cell automaticity similarly in control and Ncx1 –/– mice. However, ivabradine decreased automaticity in SAN cells isolated from Ncx1 –/– mice more effectively than in control SAN cells after isoproterenol, suggesting that the importance of NCX current in fight or flight rate increases is enhanced after pacemaker current inhibition. Conclusions: Physiological Ncx1 expression is required for increasing sinus rates in vivo, ex vivo, and in isolated SAN cells, but not for maintaining resting heart rate.
    Print ISSN: 0009-7330
    Electronic ISSN: 1524-4571
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-10-16
    Description: Circulating cell-free DNA in serum as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer British Journal of Cancer 111, 1482 (14 October 2014). doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.470 Authors: T B Hao, W Shi, X J Shen, J Qi, X H Wu, Y Wu, Y Y Tang & S Q Ju
    Keywords: colorectal cancercirculating cell-free DNADNA integrity indexcarcinoembryonic antigenALU-qPCR
    Print ISSN: 0007-0920
    Electronic ISSN: 1532-1827
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-06-01
    Description: North Korea detonated its first known nuclear device, a moderate-sized event in the northeastern corner of the Korean Peninsula, on 9 October 2006. A second one, several times more powerful, was set off nearby on 25 May 2009. Both were recorded at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by a modern broadband (0.03-30 Hz) network of seismographs deployed since 2004 along the Sino-Korean border, and by station MDJ due north of ground zero. Spanning a wide range of station azimuth (259{degrees}-11{degrees}), the near-regional (1.3{degrees}-3.3{degrees}) paths are all purely continental and away from continental margins, making the resulting data uniquely suited for assessing the capabilities of an out-country network to verify the compliance by North Korea with a future comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty. The mb(Lg) magnitudes for the 2006 and 2009 nuclear explosions were determined anew, giving 4.32{+/-}0.13 and 4.86{+/-}0.13, respectively. We show that the MS-mb(Lg)method correctly differentiates these nuclear explosions from natural earthquakes, although the differentiation was not achieved in studies based on published mb(Lg) values. An analysis of the Pg:Lg ratio, derived from recordings of the two nuclear tests and of four regional earthquakes selected for their comparable magnitudes (4.2[≤]mb[≤]4.8), reveals that the ratios associated with the explosion and earthquake populations showed surprisingly little overlap for a broad frequency range of 3 to 11 Hz. In principle, MS-mb can also be used to correctly identify the nuclear tests as explosions, but the mb measurement for such moderate-sized events is not as robust as the mb(Lg) measurement, rendering this traditionally favored method less practical.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-07-14
    Description: Histone acetylation and the families of enzymes responsible for controlling these epigenetic marks have been implicated in regulating T-cell maturation and phenotype. Here, we demonstrate a previously undefined role of histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) in regulating T-cell effector functions. Using EGFP-HDAC11 transgenic reporter mice, we found that HDAC11 expression was lower in effector relative to naive and central memory T-cell populations, and activation of resting T cells resulted in its decreased expression. Experiments using HDAC11 knockout (KO) mice revealed that T cells from these mice displayed enhanced proliferation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and effector molecule expression. In addition, HDAC11KO T cells had increased expression of Eomesodermin (Eomes) and TBX21 ( Tbet) , transcription factors previously shown to regulate inflammatory cytokine and effector molecule production. Conversely, overexpression of HDAC11 resulted in decreased expression of these genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed the presence of HDAC11 at the Eomes and Tbet gene promoters in resting T cells, where it rapidly disassociated following T-cell activation. In vivo, HDAC11KO T cells were refractory to tolerance induction. HDAC11KO T cells also mediated accelerated onset of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a murine model, characterized by increased proliferation of T cells and expression of interferon-, tumor necrosis factor, and EOMES. In addition, adoptive transfer of HDAC11KO T cells resulted in significantly reduced tumor burden in a murine B-cell lymphoma model. Taken together, these data demonstrate a previously unknown role of HDAC11 as a negative epigenetic regulator of T-cell effector phenotype and function.
    Keywords: Immunobiology
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-06-10
    Description: A dynamic actin cytoskeleton is necessary for viral entry, intracellular migration, and virion release. For HIV-1 infection, during entry, the virus triggers early actin activity by hijacking chemokine coreceptor signaling, which activates a host dependency factor, cofilin, and its kinase, the LIM domain kinase (LIMK). Although knockdown of human LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) inhibits HIV infection, no specific small-molecule inhibitor of LIMK has been available. Here, we describe the design and discovery of novel classes of small-molecule inhibitors of LIMK for inhibiting HIV infection. We identified R10015 as a lead compound that blocks LIMK activity by binding to the ATP-binding pocket. R10015 specifically blocks viral DNA synthesis, nuclear migration, and virion release. In addition, R10015 inhibits multiple viruses, including Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), suggesting that LIMK inhibitors could be developed as a new class of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. IMPORTANCE The actin cytoskeleton is a structure that gives the cell shape and the ability to migrate. Viruses frequently rely on actin dynamics for entry and intracellular migration. In cells, actin dynamics are regulated by kinases, such as the LIM domain kinase (LIMK), which regulates actin activity through phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin-depolymerizing factor. Recent studies have found that LIMK/cofilin are targeted by viruses such as HIV-1 for propelling viral intracellular migration. Although inhibiting LIMK1 expression blocks HIV-1 infection, no highly specific LIMK inhibitor is available. This study describes the design, medicinal synthesis, and discovery of small-molecule LIMK inhibitors for blocking HIV-1 and several other viruses and emphasizes the feasibility of developing LIMK inhibitors as broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.
    Print ISSN: 0022-538X
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5514
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-04-21
    Description: A quantum interface links the stationary qubits in a quantum memory with flying photonic qubits in optical transmission channels and constitutes a critical element for the future quantum internet. Entanglement of quantum interfaces is an important step for the realization of quantum networks. Through heralded detection of photon interference, we generate multipartite entanglement between 25 (or 9) individually addressable quantum interfaces in a multiplexed atomic quantum memory array and confirm genuine 22-partite (or 9-partite) entanglement. This experimental entanglement of a record-high number of individually addressable quantum interfaces makes an important step toward the realization of quantum networks, long-distance quantum communication, and multipartite quantum information processing.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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