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  • 1
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    Geosciences and the stewardship of our planet (2015)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: The time for a first book on Geoethics has come. The faster, greedier pace of society and globalization demands it. The comfortable life of scholars in the ivory tower is coming to a rude awakening. People demand understandable information on geohazards, judges condemn scientist and engineers for lack of communication, indigenous people rise in anger accusing experts of misleading them, attempts to avoid transparency in developments still exist, the helplessness of technology to deal with nuclear waste becomes more evident everyday and nature exposes shortcuts in constructing critical facilities with her own awesome force.....
    Description: Published
    Description: XXI-XXII
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 4A. Clima e Oceani
    Description: 5A. Energia e georisorse
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Geoethics ; Philosophy ; Geosciences ; Geoscientists ; Ethics ; Earth Sciences ; Sustainability ; Research Integrity ; Professional Ethics ; Geoscience communication ; Responsibility ; Stewardship ; Planet ; Earth ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 2
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    Quantitative mapping of precursory seismic quiescence before the 1989, M 7.1off-Sanriku earthquake, Japan (2006)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-04
    Description: The first main shock of the off-Sanriku earthquake sequence (02/11/89, M 7.1; 18/07/92, M 6.9; 28/12/94, M 7.5) was preceded by a precursory seismic quiescence lasting 2.5 ± 1 year and up to this main shock. The detailed properties of this quiescence were mapped as a function of time and space by a gridding technique using the ZMAP computer code, and the statistical significance was estimated by generating a synthetic catalog based on the microearthquake catalog of Tohoku University, which was the data set used. The statistically most significant expression of this precursory quiescence has a probability of 0.1% to have occurred at random and was located in the eastern part of the 1989 aftershock area, at a point to which the 1994 aftershocks extended also. If we define the dimensions of the quiescence anomaly by a vertical cylinder with the depth of the entire seismogenic layer, centered at the point of most significant quiescence and showing a rate decrease of 75%, then we find its radius is 25 ± 9 km. If we allow other shapes, such as the simplified aftershock volume of 1989, or other simple geometric figures, to define the rate decrease we find dimensions of 80 by 80 km. The characteristics of the quiescence anomaly do not depend strongly on the choice of free parameters within the following ranges: 100 ≤ number of events ≤ 400, 2.0 ≤ Mmin £ 3.0, 1 ≤ time window ≤ 3 years. With our method, a thorough analysis of the period before the 1994 main shock is not possible because of the interference of the extended aftershock sequence of 1989. Nevertheless, we identified a quiescence of nearly zero earthquakes located near the center of the 1994 aftershock area that lasted for one year up to that main shock. However, this quiescence period ranked only 46th in significance, behind other quiescences of equal duration and similar dimensions distributed in time and space through the data set. Because of the ubiquitous existence of periods of near zero activity during short periods like one year, we find that quiescences shorter than about 1.5 years cannot be defined with high statistical significance in most earthquake catalogs. In the last two years of the data (1995.3-1997.3) we see no extensive quiescence of high significance off the east coast of Honshu between 36.5° and 42°N in the currently available data.
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismic quiescence ; earthquake prediction ; Sanriku Japan ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 6134831 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergic contact dermatitis from naftifine (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 32 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00636.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy with aluminum hydroxide adsorbed insect venom extracts (Alutard SQ): immunologic and clinical results of a prospective study over 3 years (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This prospective study over 3 years investigated the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of immunotherapy (IT) with aluminum hydroxide adsorbed insect venom extracts (Alutard SQ, ALK Laboratories) m patients with previous, severe, systemic, IgE-mediated, anaphylactic reactions to Hymenoptera stings. Seventeen patients were treated with honeybee venom (BV), 13 with yellow-jacket venom (YJV), and 5 with both. No severe reactions to IT were noted. Only 3 BV-allergic patients experienced mild systemic reactions of grades I or II (1 per 139 injections) during the increase phase.As for the immunologic data, there was a significant decrease in specific IgE antibodies after 1 year, and a significant increase in specific IgG and IgG4 antibodies on reaching the maintenance dose, with a further rise after 1, 2, and 3 years. Moreover, a significant decrease in anti-IgE autoantibodies was observed in the BV group. Out of the 11 patients that were occasionally restung by the relevant insect (totaling 19 stings in all), only one patient developed mild systemic allergic symptoms after a third sting.In view of these results, we consider IT with aluminium hydroxide adsorbed insect venom extracts to safe, immunogenic, and effective. The low rate of side-effects may be due to the slow release of the venom in the aluminium hydroxide adsorbed form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1993.tb00690.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic spectra of carbon chain anions: C2nH− (n=5–12) (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 9280-9286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic absorption spectra of mono-hydrogenated carbon chain anions C2nH− (n=5–10) have been measured in the gas-phase and in 6 K neon matrices (n=8–12). The techniques of resonant two-color electron photodetachment in the gas-phase and absorption spectroscopy of mass-selected anions in neon matrix were used. A homologous series is observed, with band system origins shifting from 304 nm for C10H− to 590 nm for C20H−. In conjunction with ab initio calculations the band systems are attributed to a 1Σ+←X 1Σ+ transition of linear acetylenic anions. Another near lying electronic transition due to a second isomer is also apparent for C10H− up to C24H−. Comparison with tables of the known diffuse interstellar bands indicates possible matches for the origin bands of the C18H− and C20H− isomers. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479842
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical imaging of the spatiotemporal dynamics of cerebral blood flow and oxidative metabolism in the rat barrel cortex (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oxidative metabolism and cerebral blood flow (CBF) are two of the most important measures in neuroimaging. However, results from concurrent imaging of the two with high spatial and temporal resolution have never been published. We used flavoprotein autofluorescence (AF) and laser speckle imaging (LSI) in the anaesthetized rat to map oxidative metabolism and CBF in response to single vibrissa stimulation. Autofluorescence responses reflecting oxidative metabolism demonstrated a fast increase with a delay of 0.1 s. The sign-reversed speckle contrast reflecting CBF started to rise with a delay of 0.6 s and reached its maximum 1.4 s after the stimulation offset. The fractional signal changes were 2.0% in AF and 9.7% in LSI. Pixelwise modelling revealed that CBF maps spread over an area up to 2.5-times larger than metabolic maps. The results provide evidence that the increase in cerebral oxidative metabolism in response to sensory stimulation is considerably faster and more localized than the CBF response. This suggests that future developments in functional imaging concentrating on the metabolic response promise an increased spatial resolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03735.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inversion of source parameters for subcrustal earthquakes in the Hellenic Arc (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 103 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: A one-station method was developed to invert simultaneously for seismic moment, focal depth, and the orientations of the nodal planes. This method was tested on seismograms recorded at the broadband Gréfenberg array (GRF) for earthquakes in the central to eastern Hellenic arc and southern Turkey. The complete P and S body-wave responses, including all near source surface reflections, were synthesized using the reflectivity method. The minimum misfit between the observed and theoretical seismograms in the WWSSN-LP band was determined by cross-correlation, searching the whole parameter space of strike, dip and rake of a pair of orthogonal nodal planes, and adjusting the source depth and seismic moment. The initial searching step of 20° was reduced to 5° in the vicinity of the minimum misfit position, for a final search. The best fitting solution was then compared to the Harvard (HRVD) moment tensor solution best double couple which was derived using long-period data and to the P-wave first motion polarities reported by the ISC. Most solutions based on GRF data agree well with those found by HRVD, but in some cases some features of the observed GRF signals cannot be matched by the HRVD solution or solutions similar to it.The nine earthquakes we analysed in detail had magnitudes between 5.2 and 5.8. Our depth determinations ranged from 35 to 155 km. The deepest events (80–155 km) were located near Rhodes and to the east of it. One earthquake located in southern Turkey was confirmed to have a focus at about 125 km depth. The focal mechanisms of the intermediate depth earthquakes in the eastern Hellenic arc show P-axes approximately parallel to the strike of the deep slab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1990.tb01783.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimates of stress directions by inversion of earthquake fault-plane solutions in sicily (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 125 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The tectonic stress orientation is estimated in the lithosphere of northern Sicily, the southern Tyrrhenian sea and southern Calabria, and in the Wadati-Benioff zone below the Tyrrhenian, by inversion of fault-plane solutions of earthquakes covering a magnitude range from 2.5 to 7.1. Focal mechanisms of 97 earthquakes are taken from the literature, after a critical evaluation of their data quality. an average misfit of F= 13° indicates that the set of all shallow (〈50km) earthquakes is generated by a heterogeneous stress field. For three subsets, based on regional and magnitude separation, F was small enough (2.8°〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:0956540X:GJI857:les" location="les.gif"/〉F〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:0956540X:GJI857:les" location="les.gif"/〉 5.9°) to support the assumption of a homogeneous stress direction; for an additional subset, with F= 7.4°, such a condition is close to being fulfilled even though some heterogeneity appears to be present. The number of earthquakes in these subsets ranged from nine to 22, and the uncertainties of the principal stress directions were generally of the order of 20° at the 90 per cent confidence level. The earthquakes with M〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:0956540X:GJI857:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉 5 define a regional stress field with the greatest principal stress, σ1, dipping at a shallow angle to the south. In north-eastern Sicily and south-western Calabria the stress field estimated by earthquakes is extensional, with σ3 in a direction of WNW, and a near-vertical σ1, in agreement with the graben tectonics mapped geologically in this area. In western Sicily the σ1 direction is oriented WNW, but this result is judged less reliable than the others, based on the broader confidence limits of the solution and the average misfit of 7.4°. The earthquakes in the Wadati-Benioff zone define σ1 dipping at about 70° to the NW, subparallel to the zone, with σ2 horizontal and striking parallel to the zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1996.tb06029.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergic contact dermatitis from natural latex without contact urticaria (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 28 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During the test decade, there have been many reports of immediate-type hypersensitivity to natural latex, resulting in contact urticaria, generalized allergic read ions such as urticaria and Quincke's edema, and asthmatic or anaphylactic reactions. Moreover, delayed-type hypersensitivity to rubber additives such as thiuram and carbamate derivatives is acknowledged to be the main cause of dermatitis in patients working with rubber gloves. We here report on a patient who developed severe dermatitis on his hands and forearms 3 months after he had started working with rubber gloves. Patch tests with rubber additives, skin prick tests and RAST to natural latex were negative. However, a delayed type of hypersensitivity to latex could be shown by a positive patch test. To our knowledge this is the 1st case reported of an isolated contact dermatitis from natural latex without contact urticaria to latex or hypersensitivity to rubber additives. We therefore propose that not only patch tests with rubber additives, hut also skin prick and patch tests with latex should be performed in contact dermatitis patients working with rubber gloves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03377.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scalp dermatitis, distinctive hair abnormalities and atopic disease in the ectrodactyly—ectodermal dysplasia—clefting syndrome (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report a 2-year-old girl with a combination of the ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, cleft lip/ palate (EEC) syndrome, distinctive hair abnormalities, scalp dermatitis and atopic disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of scalp dermatitis in the EEC syndrome. Distinctive structural hair abnormalities shared by the syndromes of ectodermal dysplasia and clefting are helicotrichia, pili torti et canaliculi, and cuticle defects, all of which were observed in the present case. A high incidence of atopic disease in certain subsets of ectodermal dysplasia has been reported. In our patient this manifested as food-induced exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, associated with positive prick tests and significant levels of circulating specific IgE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08722.x
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