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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Schlagwort(e): Semiconductors -- Quality control -- Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (352 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780444596918
    Serie: Issn Series ; v.Volume 34
    DDC: 537.6221
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Semiconductor Materials Analysis and Fabrication Process Control -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Conference Organization -- Supporting Organizations and Sponsors -- Chapter 1. In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry in molecular beam epitaxy for photonic devices -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ellipsometry review -- 3. SE/MBE system overview -- 4. Substrate temperature -- 5. Optical constants of AlAs versus temperature -- 6. Dynamic growth rate modeling -- 7. Quantum well growth -- 8. Bragg reflectors -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 2. Insitu spectral ellipsometry for real-time measurement and control -- 1. Background -- 2. Spectral ellipsometer -- 3. The inverse problem -- 4. Process experimental -- 5. Results and discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 3. In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etching of oxides of silicon and GaAs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental apparatus -- 3. In situ ellipsometry -- 4. Results and discussion -- 5. Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 4. Spectroscopic ellipsometry characterisation of light-emitting porous silicon structures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 5. In situ studies of semiconductor processes by spectroellipsometry -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Representative results -- 4. Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 6. Growth mode of ultrathin Sb layers on Si studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry and Raman scattering -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Evaluation of < -- є> -- -- 4. Results and discussion -- 5. Summary -- Acknowledgement -- References. , Chapter 7. Criteria for the extraction of SIMOX material parameters from spectroscopic ellipsometry data -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8. Round robin investigation of silicon oxide on silicon reference materials for ellipsometry -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Preparation of the experimental material and measurement procedures -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9. Spectroscopic ellipsometric characterization of Si/Si1-xGex strained-layer supperlattices -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Spectroscopic ellipsometry -- 3. Experimental results and discussions -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 10. The influence of nanocrystals on the dielectric function of porous silicon -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- References -- Chapter 11. Some examples of depth resolution in SIMS analysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. SIMS study of an Fe-Ti multilayer structure with a short period -- 3. Oxygen depth resolution in silica under argon bombardment -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12. Process control for III-V semiconductor device fabrication using mass spectroscopy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Equipment description -- 3. RGA applications -- 4. SIMS applications -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 13. Sputter induced resonant ionization spectroscopy for trace analysis in silicon -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Principles of resonant ionization -- 3. Experimental -- 4. Results -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 14. Contamination control and ultrasensitive chemical analysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Analytical methods -- 3. Applications -- 4. Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 15. Organic contamination of silicon wafers by buffered oxide etching -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ion mobility spectrometry -- 3. Results -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16. Application of advanced contamination analysis for qualification of wafer handling systems and chucks -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Analytical methods -- 3. Results -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17. In situ optical spectroscopy of surfaces and interfaces with submonolayer resolution -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory -- 3. Experiment -- 4. Recent results -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 18. Thermal desorption of amorphous arsenic caps from GaAs(100) monitored by reflection anisotropy spectroscopy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experiment -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 19. Optical second harmonic generation from the Si(111)-Sb interface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory -- 3. Experiment -- 4. Results and discussion -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 20. Surface-sensitive multiple internal reflection spectroscopy as a tool to study surface mechanisms in CVD: the example of UV photodeposition of silicon dioxide and silicon nitride -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Incorporation of silane in the UVCVD of silicon nitride -- 3. Formation of surface hydroxyl groups in the UVCVD of SiO2 from SiH4/N2O precursors -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 21. On the assessment of local stress distributions in integrated circuits -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sample preparation and experimental set-up -- 3. A simple man's model for the strain field at thin film edges -- 4. Results and discussion -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 22. Strain analysis of multilayered silicon-based contact structures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experiment. , 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 23. In-process control of silicide formation during rapid thermal processing -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 24. In situ ellipsometry for real-time feedback control of oxidation furnaces -- 1. Introduction -- 2. In situ measurement -- 3. Closed-loop control -- 4. Adaption to a production furnace -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 25. Optical characterization of the electrical properties of processed GaAs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theoretical considerations -- 3. Experimental details -- 4. Experimental results -- 5. Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 26. Optical study of band bending and interface recombination at Sb, S and Se covered gallium arsenide surfaces -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Experimental results -- 4. Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 27. Photoreflectance investigation of dry-etch-induced damage in semi-insulating GaAs substrates -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 28. Contactless electromodulation for in situ characterization of semiconductor processing -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental results and discussion -- 3. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 29. Photoreflectance versus ellipsometry investigation of GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As MQW's -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details and results -- 3. Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 30. Temperature dependence of the photoreflectance of strained and lattice-matched InGaAs/InAlAs single quantum wells -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental setup -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusion. , References -- Chapter 31. Optical tools for intermixing diagnostic: application to InGaAs/InGaAsP microstructures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experiments -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion and conclusion -- References -- Chapter 32. Characterization of lattice-matched and strained GalnAs/AlInAs HEMT structures by photoluminescence spectroscopy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Experimental results and discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 33. Interface characterization of strained InGaAs/InP quantum wells after a growth interruption sequence -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 34. Electric field dependence of allowed and forbidden transitions in In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52 Al0.48 As single quantum wells by room temperature modulation spectroscopy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Description of the electrotransmittance spectra -- 4. Electric field dependence of the transition energies and linewidths -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 35. Optical characterization of InP/InAlAs/InP interfaces grown by MOVPE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and techniques -- 3. Experimental results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 36. Temperature dependence analysis of the optical transmission spectra in InGaAs/InP multi quantum well structures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 37. Lifetime and diffusion length inhomogeneity controlled by point and extended defect interaction in n-GaAs LEC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References. , Chapter 38. Mapping of the local minority carrier diffusion length in silicon wafers.
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4574-4576 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Uranium-based compounds often show interesting magnetic properties and large polar Kerr rotations. Because of this, the wavelength and temperature dependencies of the polar Kerr rotation in several uranium-based compounds, including UMn2Ge2, UFe2, and UGa2, have been investigated. The Mn moments order ferromagnetically in UMn2Ge2 below 380 K, and while the U moments do not order ferromagnetically until the temperature is below 150 K. The measurements presented here show that the size of the Kerr rotation increases from 0.05° at room temperature to 0.15° when the U moments are ordered. The wavelength dependence of the Kerr rotation between 500 and 1000 nm is rather weak. UGa2 orders ferromagnetically at 130 K, and a Kerr rotation of 0.2° at 85 K and 632.8 nm can be measured, with the rotation increasing to 0.4° at 1000 nm. UFe2 orders ferromagnetically at 180 K, and the Kerr rotation (85 K, 632.8 nm) is 0.17°. These magnetic and optical properties are discussed in terms of the electronic states of uranium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 2025-2033 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Determination of the complex dielectric function and the critical-point energies of (AlxGa1−x)0.51In0.49P, over the full range of composition x and for photon energies E from 0.75 to 5 eV is reported from variable angle of incidence spectroscopic ellipsometry. Native-oxide effects on the (AlxGa1−x)0.51In0.49P optical functions are removed numerically. The highly disordered state of the metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy grown samples is analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Optical anisotropy investigations revealed that the order-induced optical birefringence is negligible throughout. The augmentation of A. D. Rakic and M. L. Majewski [J. Appl. Phys. 80, 5909 (1996)] to Adachi's critical-point model, i.e., consideration of Gaussian-like broadening function instead of Lorentzian broadening, is used for calculation of the isotropic (AlxGa1−x)0.51In0.49P dielectric function ∈. The optical functions spectra consistently match the experimental data, whereas previously reported model dielectric functions fail to reproduce the correct absorption behavior of the quaternary, especially near the fundamental band-to-band transition. The results are compared to those presented previously, and influence of spontaneous chemical ordering is discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The temperature dependence of the sputtering Ar pressure effects on magnetic properties and the coercivity mechanism of Co(2 A(ring))/Pd(13 A(ring)) multilayers were studied as the sputtering Ar pressure varied from 3–15 mTorr and the temperature from 300 to 35 K. It is found that the roughness of the interfaces or film surface increases with increasing sputtering pressure, the anisotropy increases with decreasing temperature and increasing Ar pressure and shows a maximum at PAr≈12 mTorr, and the coercivity increases with Ar pressure and shows stronger temperature dependence at higher Ar pressure. The coercivity mechanism was analyzed in terms of the coercivity predicted by Kronmüller's theory [Phys. Status Solidi B 144, 385 (1987)]. Wall pinning is found to be the main mechanism and the size of the pinning site increases slightly as the Ar pressure increases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6495-6497 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We have investigated the magnetic and magneto-optic properties of Co/Ni multilayers deposited on Ag and Au buffer layers. The samples with Au buffer layers show perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, but those with Ag buffer layers do not. The structure and degree of crystalline alignment of the buffer layer are evidently crucial to development of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We also present the results of polar Kerr rotation measurements as a function of wavelength and layer thickness of the multilayers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4677-4687 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, optical constants for AlAs (1.4–5.0 eV) are presented which are simultaneously compatible with measured data from four different samples. The below-gap index values are compatible with published prism measured values. The second derivative spectrum are compatible with published values above the direct band gap. The AlAs spectra is Kramers–Kronig self-consistent over the measured range and is compatible with published values from 0.6 to 1.4 eV. The optical constants for thin (〈50 A(ring)) GaAs caps on AlAs are shown to be different from bulk GaAs values and require special consideration when fitting ellipsometric data. For the thin GaAs caps, the E1 and E1+Δ1 critical-point structure is shifted to higher energies as previously observed for GaAs quantum wells. Bulk AlAs optical constants are shown to be different from those of a thin (∼20 A(ring)) AlAs barrier layer embedded in GaAs. The thin barrier layer exhibits a highly broadened critical-point structure. This barrier broadening effect (AlAs) and the thin cap shifting effects (GaAs) have implications for in situ growth control schemes which make use of the E1 and E1+Δ1 critical-point region. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1715-1724 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Using variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) InP optical constants for photon energies have been determined in the range from 0.75 to 5.0 eV, which includes the fundamental gap at 1.35 eV. Above 1.5 eV the results are consistent with previously measured pseudovalues from an oxide-stripped sample when a very thin residual overlayer is accounted for. They are also shown to be compatible with previously published prism measurements of refractive index below the band gap. Real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function are shown to be Kramers–Kronig (KK) self-consistent above the gap, and the KK analysis was used to extend the dielectric function below the measurement range to 0.5 eV. The assumptions underlying biased fitting of VASE data and the importance of variable-angle measurements were investigated. The detection and significance of systematic errors for general VASE data analysis were also investigated, especially with regard to fit parameter confidence limits. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 2663-2674 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The optical constants for thin layers of strained InAs, AlAs, and AlSb have been investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry and multi-sample analyses. These materials are important for high-speed resonant tunneling diodes in the AlAs/InAs/In0.53Ga0.47As and AlSb/InAs material systems. Understanding the optical properties for these thin layers is important for developing in situ growth control using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Ex situ room-temperature measurements were made on multiple samples. The resulting fitted optical constants are interpreted as apparent values because they are dependent on the fit model and sample structure. These apparent optical constants for very thin layers can be dependent on thickness and surrounding material, and are generally applicable only for layers found in a similar structural context. The critical point features of optical constants for the strained layers and for the thin unstrained cap layers were found to differ from bulk values, and three principle effects (strain, quantum confinement, and thin-barrier critical-point broadening) have been identified as responsible. Of these three, the broadening of the E1 and E1+Δ1 critical points for thin barrier material is the newest and most pronounced. This thin barrier effect is shown to be a separate effect from strain, and is also observable for the AlAs/GaAs system. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 3323-3336 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Optical constant spectra for silicon and thermally grown silicon dioxide have been simultaneously determined using variable angle of incidence spectroscopic ellipsometry from 0.75 to 6.5 eV. Spectroscopic ellipsometric data sets acquired at multiple angles of incidence from seven samples with oxide thicknesses from 2 to 350 nm were analyzed using a self-contained multi-sample technique to obtain Kramers–Kronig consistent optical constant spectra. The investigation used a systematic approach utilizing optical models of increasing complexity in order to investigate the need for fitting the thermal SiO2 optical constants and including an interface layer between the silicon and SiO2 in modeling the data. A detailed study was made of parameter correlation effects involving the optical constants used for the interface layer. The resulting thermal silicon dioxide optical constants were shown to be independent of the precise substrate model used, and were found to be approximately 0.4% higher in index than published values for bulk glasseous SiO2. The resulting silicon optical constants are comparable to previous ellipsometric measurements in the regions of overlap, and are in agreement with long wavelength prism measurements and transmission measurements near the band gap. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 5166-5174 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Amorphous tantalum oxide thin films were deposited by reactive rf magnetron sputtering onto [001] silicon substrates. Growth temperature, oxygen partial pressure, and total gas pressure have been varied to obtain thin films with different densities. The thin films were analyzed by glancing angle-of-incidence x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and variable angle-of-incidence spectroscopic ellipsometry in the near infrared to vacuum ultraviolet spectral region for photon energies from E=1 to 8.5 eV, and in the infrared region from E=0.03 to 1 eV. We present the dielectric function of amorphous tantalum oxide obtained by line shape analysis of the experimental ellipsometric data over the range from E=0.03 to 8.5 eV (40 μm–145 nm). In the infrared spectral region the ellipsometric data were analyzed using Lorentzian line shapes for each absorption mode observed in the spectra. Amorphous tantalum oxide optical properties in the near infrared to vacuum ultraviolet spectral region were extracted by using a Kim and Garland parameter algorithm [C. C. Kim et al., Phys. Rev. B 45, 11 749 (1992)] in order to model the absorption due to the fundamental band gap of the material. We consider thin film porosity, and therefore analyzed the experimental ellipsometric data by an effective medium approach. We obtain information on the tantalum oxide optical properties, a percentage of void fraction, and film thickness. The "optical" percentage of void fractions corresponds to surface roughness measured by atomic force microscopy and depends on deposition parameters. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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