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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 483-487 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The sintering behaviour of two new types of coated ceramics, made from alumina grains coated with a zirconia shell and from zirconia grains coated with an alumina shell, was analyzed with small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Measurements were performed both for the plain samples, and with contrast variation using D2 O as immersion liquid. The size distribution and the volume fraction of grains and pores were determined from the corrected scattering curves using a direct model fitting, applying two different approaches, a sphere model and a combined sphere/spherical shell model. Results are discussed in context with the macroscopic density of the samples. The sintering behaviour of the two ceramics types was found to be very different.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Three different small-angle neutron scattering facilities, the "YUMO" camera at JINR (Dubna, Russia), the V4 camera at HMI (Berlin, Germany) and D11 camera at ILL (Grenoble, France), were used in the investigation of 30S ribosomal subunit from Thermus thermophilus. Parallel X-ray measurements on X33 camera at DESY (Hamburg, Germany) were used to control the identity of deuterated particles. The neutron and x-ray contrast variation data were interpreted by direct method using spherical harmonics. Structural models of the 30S ribosomal subunit from Thermus thermophilus and its RNA -rich core with the resolution 3.5 nm were constructed. A comparison between the 30S Thermus thermophilus and 30S E.coli models shows that primary difference between them consists in the special distributions of the protein component whereas the special distributions of the RNA component coincide well in both models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 613-617 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The decomposition behaviour during annealing in the undercooled liquid regime of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 is studied by means of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). In this temperature range, a microstructure consisting of precipitates of an amorphous phase is formed. The scattering curves show a characteristic maximum which becomes more and more intense with increasing annealing time until a saturation state is reached. All scattering curves at different annealing times obey a universal scaling law by scaling the intensity and the q axis by the intensity and the position of the maximum, respectively. In order to interpret the scattering curves, the scattering behaviour of a system of interacting particles and its time evolution are simulated. The centres of the precipitates are modelled (either analytically or numerically) by a hard-core point field, i.e. they have a minimum distance from each other (`excluded volume'). At each of these points, a nucleus is created according to a given nucleation rate, either instantaneously (all nuclei start growing at the same time) or continuously (in each time interval, a constant number of nuclei starts growing). Variation of the parameters of the hard-core point field, the nucleation mechanism and the growth law for the precipitates and comparison of the calculated and measured small-angle scattering curves allow the following interpretation: The amorphous precipitates are distributed according to a hard-core structure and the nucleation is continuous. The growth of the precipitates is diffusion controlled (a ∝ t 1/2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 829-833 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A detailed derivation of the formula connecting measured SANS intensity with the smeared cross-section (raw-data treatment) is presented. The derivation is carried out considering also a possible high probability of the coherent small-angle scattering. The information content of the so-called transmission measurement is analyzed. The individual effects which contribute to the primary-beam attenuation as well as the different modes of the transmission measurement are described. Multiple scattering contribution to the excess of the forward scattering of the water calibration standard is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 33 (2000), S. 428-432 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Crystalline and magnetic nanostructures have been studied by means of small angle neutron scattering. Using polarised neutrons, the relative contrasts are strongly modified which allowed magnetisation, density and composition profiles at surfaces and interfaces to be evaluated. In nanocrystalline Fe3O4 embedded in a glass ceramics matrix the magnetic order is strongly disturbed at the surface of the particles, leading to a magnetically inactive layer. In partially crystallised metallic Fe-Si-B-(Nb,Cu) alloys the presence of a non-magnetic interface between Fe3Si nanocrystals and the amorphous matrix has been demonstrated which breaks the direct ferromagnetic exchange interactions. In Co-ferrofluids the superparamagnetic core is encapsulated by a shell of surfactant molecules which was found to be impenetrable for the solvent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 571-574 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Small-angle neutron diffraction was used to image the mixed state in a large superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ single crystal. The flux line lattice was observed in fields up to 2 T at various temperatures from 2.4 to 80 K. The integrated intensity I of the (10) reflection was calculated as a function of temperature for three different fields (0.8, 1 and 2 T). From these I(T) curves, the magnetic penetration depth λ(T) was obtained on an absolute scale. This quantity is of particular interest, since it provides information on the nature of the pairing mechanism in the superconductor, i.e. the symmetry of the wavefunction of the electron pairs. The results are discussed in terms of BCS theory (s-wave pairing) and of d-wave pairing with and without impurity scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 597-601 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The influence of different heat treatments on the microstructure of ordered cuboidal γ′ precipitates in the ZS26 superalloy (wt%: Ni 64, W 11, Co 9, Al 6, Cr 5, Nb 1.5, Ti 1, Mo 1, V 1) was studied by small-angle neutron scattering. The average shape and size of the precipitates were determined by modelling the scattering curves and by fitting them to the measured 2D data. The volume fraction of the precipitates was deduced from the fitted parameters under the assumption of a homogeneous distribution of particles inside the sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 580-585 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The formation and stability of nanoscaled microstructures upon annealing of two amorphous systems have been investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The bulk amorphous alloy Zr41Be22.5Ti14Cu12.5Ni10 decomposes into two supercooled liquid phases upon annealing above the glass temperature. Dynamic scaling has been demonstrated for this phase-separation process. Crystallization is significantly slowed down by the two-phase nanoscaled microstructure formed upon decomposition. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the anisotropic SANS scattering profiles in Fe73.5Si15.5B7M4 (M = Nb, W, Cu) alloys revealed superparamagnetic behaviour of Fe3Si nanocrystals which are decoupled from the amorphous ferromagnetic matrix. An Nb-enriched nonmagnetic layer formed around the Fe3Si crystals during diffusion-limited growth prevents magnetic exchange interactions and the coarsening of the nanocrystals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 30 (1997), S. 1132-1139 
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A numerical approach to the evaluation of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data is proposed. The procedure covers interparticle-interference and multiple-scattering effects. The influence of these effects as well as the resolution of a SANS instrument are discussed. As an example of the use of the procedure for SANS data modelling, two-dimensional scattering curves of cuboidal particles and ordered cubes are presented. Finally, a test of the fitting procedure is performed on measured data for a solution of polystyrene spheres in water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 94 (1984), S. 123 
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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