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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Associative Memory Cells: Basic Units of Memory Trace (2019)
    Singapore : Springer
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Cytology ; Medicine ; Neurosciences ; Cell biology. ; Molecular biology. ; Memory physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Association Learning ; Paired-Associate Learning ; Models, Neurological
    Description / Table of Contents: History in the study of learning and memory -- Patterns of learning and memory -- Experimental models and strategies for studying associative learning and memory -- Cellular and molecular changes in associative memory -- Associative memory cells in memory trace -- Plasticity of associative memory cells -- Working principles of associative memory cells -- Associative memory cells in physiological psychology -- The impacts of associative memory cells on pathology
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XIII, 275 p. 17 illus., 16 illus. in color)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2019
    ISBN: 9789811395017
    Series Statement: Springer eBooks
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9501-7
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9501-7
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Associative Memory Cells : Basic Units of Memory Trace. (2019)
    Singapore :Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,
    Details
    Keywords: Memory-Physiological aspects. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (281 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789811395017
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=5894521
    DDC: 612.82
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Contents -- About the Author -- Chapter 1: History in the Study of Learning and Memory -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Memory Traces -- 1.3 Engrams -- 1.4 The Location and Distribution of Memory Traces or Engrams -- 1.5 The Identification of Basic Units in Engrams: Memory-Relevant Cells -- 1.6 Biophysical Changes in Memory-Relevant Cells: Neuronal and Synaptic Plasticity -- 1.7 Memory-Specific Activity Patterns as Basic Units of Memory Traces -- 1.8 The Recruitment of Memory-Relevant Neurons by Their Coactivation: Associative Memory Cells -- 1.9 Major Milestones in the Study of Mechanisms Underlying Learning and Memory -- 1.9.1 Theoretical Modeling -- 1.9.2 Animal Model -- 1.9.3 Location and Distributions -- 1.9.4 Cellular Architectures in Engram Circuits -- 1.9.5 Molecular Mechanisms -- References -- Chapter 2: Patterns of Learning and Memory -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Associative Learning and Nonassociative Learning -- 2.3 Declarative (Explicit) Memory Versus Nondeclarative (Implicit) Memory -- 2.3.1 Declarative Memory -- 2.3.2 Nondeclarative Memory -- 2.4 Episodic Memory Versus Semantic Memory -- 2.4.1 Episodic Memory -- 2.4.2 Semantic Memory -- 2.5 Working Memory and Perceptual Memory -- 2.5.1 Working Memory -- 2.5.2 Perceptual Memory -- 2.6 Eidetic Memory and False Memory -- 2.6.1 Eidetic Memory -- 2.6.2 False Memory -- 2.7 Other Types of Memory -- 2.8 Learning and Memory in Relevance to Ages -- References -- Chapter 3: Experimental Models and Strategies for Studying Associative Learning and Memory -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Experimental Models Used to Track Engrams -- 3.2.1 Classical Conditioning -- 3.2.2 Operant Conditioning -- 3.2.3 Spatial Learning and Memory -- 3.2.4 Associative Learning and Memory in Reciprocal Manner -- 3.3 Strategies Used to Track Memory Cells in Engrams. , 3.3.1 Theoretical Modeling from Memory Traces to Cell Assemblies -- 3.3.2 Parallel Changes Between Engrams and Memory-Relevant Behaviors -- 3.3.3 Downregulation of Neural Substrates -- 3.3.4 Upregulation of Neural Substrates -- References -- Chapter 4: Cellular and Molecular Changes in Associative Memory -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Synapses, Neurons, and Their Functional Changes -- 4.3 Synaptic Plasticity -- 4.3.1 Synaptic Facilitation -- 4.3.2 Long-Term Potentiation of Synaptic Transmission -- 4.4 Neuronal Plasticity -- References -- Chapter 5: Associative Memory Cells in Memory Trace -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Associative Memory Cells in Theory and Experiments -- 5.3 Associative Memory Cells in Sensory Cortices -- 5.4 Associative Memory Cells in Cognition- and Emotion-Related Brain Areas -- 5.5 Memory Output Cells in Behavior-Related Brain Areas -- References -- Chapter 6: Plasticity of Associative Memory Cells -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Plasticity at Primary Associative Memory Cells Linked with Their Recruitment -- 6.3 Plasticity at Secondary Associative Memory Cells -- 6.4 Plasticity at Memory Output Cells -- 6.5 Summary About Plasticity at Associative Memory Cells -- 6.6 Associative Memory Cells Are Modulated by the Arousal System -- References -- Chapter 7: Working Principles of Associative Memory Cells -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Associative Memory Cells in Their Circuits and Functions -- 7.3 Associative Memory Cells for Intramodal Associative Memory -- 7.4 Associative Memory Cells for Cross-Modal Associative Memory -- 7.5 Associative Memory Cells for Memory Efficiency and Cognition -- References -- Chapter 8: Associative Memory Cells in Physiological Psychology -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Associative Memory Cells in Various Memory Patterns -- 8.2.1 Associative Memory Cells for Declarative and Nondeclarative Memory. , 8.2.2 Associative Memory Cells for Episodic and Semantic Memory -- 8.2.3 Associative Memory Cells for Eidetic Memory and False Memory -- 8.2.4 Associative Memory Cells for Working Memory and Perceptual Memory -- 8.2.5 Associative Memory Cells in Age-Relevant Memory -- 8.3 Associative Memory Cells for Emotional Memory -- 8.4 Associative Memory Cells for Cognitive Processes -- 8.4.1 Associative Thinking -- 8.4.2 Logical Reasoning -- 8.4.3 Imagination -- References -- Chapter 9: The Impacts of Associative Memory Cells on Pathology -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 General Information About Associative Memory Cells -- 9.3 Associative Memory Cells in Psychiatric Disorders -- 9.3.1 Fear Memory and Anxiety -- 9.3.2 Depression and Memories to Negative Outcomes -- 9.3.3 Weird Memory and Schizophrenia -- 9.4 Associative Memory Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases -- References.
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  • 3
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    Protective effects of Zhuyeqing liquor on the immune function of normal and immunosuppressed mice in vivo (2013)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: Background: Zhuyeqing Liquor (ZYQL), a well-known Chinese traditional health liquor, has various biological properties, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunoenhancement and cardiovascular protective effects. Methods: The protective effects of Zhuyeqing Liquor (ZYQL) on the immune function was investigated in vivo in normal healthy mice and immunosuppressed mice treated with Cyclophosphamide (Cy, 100 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection on days 4, 8 and 12. ZYQL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered via gavage daily for 14 days. The phagocytotic function of mononuclear phagocytic system was detected with carbon clearance methods, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in serum were detected with Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immune organs were weighed and organ indexes (organ weight/body weight) of thymus and spleen were calculated. Meanwhile, the activity of lysozyme (LSZ) in serum and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) in spleen tissue were measured. Results: ZYQL significantly upgrades the K value for clearance of carbon particles in normal mice treated with ZYQL (400 mg/kg) and immunosuppressed mice treated with ZYQL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) together with Cy (100 mg/kg) in vivo. The treatment of ZYQL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) effectively increased the activity of serum lysozyme as well as promoted the serum levels of IL-6 and IFN-gamma in normal mice and immunosuppressed mice. Furthermore, ZYQL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) had an antioxidant effects in immune system by enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in vivo. In addition, ZYQL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) effectively elevated the Cy-induced decreased organ index (thymus and spleen). Conclusions: The present work shows that the dose-dependent administration of ZYQL is capable of influencing immune responses, which implying that its valuable functional health may be attributed partly to its protective effects for the immune function.
    Electronic ISSN: 1472-6882
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 4
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    The prognostic value of E-cadherin in gastric cancer: A meta-analysis (2012)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-21
    Description: The prognostic impact of E-cadherin down-regulation in gastric cancer has been assessed for years while the results are controversial and heterogeneous. We thus comprehensively reviewed the evidence for evaluation of E-cadherin expression in gastric cancer to determine this effect. We searched Pubmed and Embase to identify eligible studies, and 26 studies comprising 4383 gastric cancer patients were included to assess the association between E-cadherin immunohistochemical expression and overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological characteristics. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to estimate the effect. We also performed meta-regression and subgroup analysis according to study location, publication year, number of patients, quality score of studies and cut-off value. Reduced E-cadherin expression was significantly correlated with poor OS of gastric cancer patients (HR 1.62, 95%CI 1.34-1.96). Subgroup analysis indicated that E-cadherin low-expression had an unfavorable impact on OS in Asian patients (HR 1.87, 95%CI 1.45-2.41). Moreover, down-regulation of E-cadherin was significantly associated with TNM stage (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.85–3.43), the depth of invasion(OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.39–2.90), lymph node metastasis (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.68–3.40), distant metastasis (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.21–4.11), grade of differentiation (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.60–3.21), vascular invasion (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.10–3.13) and histological type of gastric cancer (OR 4.22, 95% CI = 2.96–6.02). This meta-analysis revealed that E-cadherin expression might be a predicative factor of poor prognosis for gastric cancer particularly in Asia. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 0020-7136
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0215
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 5
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    Revealing Intermolecular Interaction and Surface Restructuring of an Aromatic Thiol Assembling on Au(111) by Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2015)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-16
    Description: Analytical Chemistry DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03588
    Print ISSN: 0003-2700
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-6882
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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