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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural features of mitosis inLeishmania adleri (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 134 (1986), S. 154-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell division ; Leishmania ; Mitosis ; Ultrastructure ; Kinetoplastida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The interphase nucleus ofLeishmania adleri has clumps of chromatin associated with the nuclear envelope and a large centrally located nucleolus. Prior to mitosis the basal bodies replicate at the cell anterior. Subsequently, dense plaques appear in the equatorial region of the nucleus at the time of spindle development. Microtubules appear in the nucleus adjacent to the nuclear envelope and embedded in the matrix of the plaques. A central spindle composed of a single bundle of microtubules develops and spans the nucleus. Plaques and nucleolar components laterally associate with the spindle and migrate towards the poles. The central spindle elongates to three to four times its original length separating the forming daughter nuclei and producing an interzonal spindle. A remnant of the interzonal spindle remains attached to each of the daughter nuclei until late into cytokinesis. The kinetoplast does not divide until after the completion of mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01275714
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mitotic apparatus in the dinoflagellateAmphidinium carterae (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 145 (1988), S. 16-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Amphidinium ; Spindles ; Dinoflagellate ; Mitosis ; Spindle pole body
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Aspects of mitosis in the dinoflagellateAmphidinium carterae have been examined using TEM, SEM and fluorescence immunochemistry. The extranuclear spindle is composed of 2–4 bundles of microtubules arranged into two interdigitated half-spindles. Unlike previous reports of dinomitosis, the spindle bundles converge at the poles. These bundles of microtubules are inserted into a multilobed, vesiculate body containing electron opaque, amorphous material. This spindle pole body has ribosomes associated with it and is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum. Chromosomes are attached to the nuclear envelope, which is persistent throughout mitosis. Kinetochore microtubules attach to the nuclear envelope via elongate electron dense kinetochores (one microtubule per daughter kinetochore). Several microtubules pass alongside the kinetochore, forming a “halo” of 3–4 spindle microtubules. Electron dense connections can be seen between some of these microtubules and the kinetochore. Chromosome segregation appears to be a function of spindle elongation (anaphase B), since chromosome-to-pole distance (anaphase A) remains relatively unchanged throughout mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01323252
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray and dissolution studies of paramylon storage granules fromEuglena (1988)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 146 (1988), S. 150-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: β-1,3 Glucan ; Euglena ; Freeze-etch ; Microfibril ; Paramylon ; X-ray diffraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Paramylon is the β-1,3 glucan storage carbohydrate in the euglenoid algae. Mature paramylon granules are highly crystalline, fibrillar, and have a complex substructure. X-ray diffraction was used to demonstrate that mature paramylon granules are much more crystalline than immature granules. Freeze-etch electron microscopy showed that in mature granules, the microfibrils are organized in highly ordered arrays while the microfibrils of immature granules are less organized. The data suggest that the high crystallinity of paramylon is due to higher-order aggregates of microfibrils and the interaction of water with the microfibrils. The dissolution of paramylon was recorded by darkfield videomicroscopy. In a 0.5 N NaOH solution, paramylon dissociates in a regular manner into its constituent 4 nm microfibrils, and the central region of the granule is the last remaining refractile area during the dissolution process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01405924
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of dictyosomes fromEuglena gracilis (1980)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 105 (1980), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cell fractionation ; Dictyosomes ; Euglena ; Golgi apparatus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A method for the isolation of dictyosomes fromEuglena gracilis Klebs strain Z (Pringsheim) is described. An extensive Golgi system, with the individual dictyosomes commonly containing ten to twenty cisternae is present. Log phase cells are broken in a French pressure cell at 105 to 120 kg/cm2 in a breaking mix containing sucrose, sorbitol and ficoll. Addition of 0.3% of glutaraldehyde or formaldehyde to the breaking mix increases the number of stacked cisternae present in the final preparation. In addition to membrane stacks, the fractions contain numerous smooth vesicles. Swollen cisternae, which are also present, may account for these vesicles. Three dictyosome-enriched fractions are obtained by centrifugation in a discontinuous sucrose gradient. Fractions differ morphologically in the degree of stacking of cisternae. Further identification of the membrane fractions was accomplished by measuring IDPase activities in each of the fractions. Inosine diphosphatase activity is enriched 8–10-fold relative to the initial homogenate. The highest IDPase activity was present in the fraction containing the greatest number of stacked cisternae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279848
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA duplication and chromosome structure in the Dinoflagellates (1981)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 105 (1981), S. 185-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Chromosome ; Dinoflagellates ; DNA Duplication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Members of theDinopbyceae are characterized by having permanently condensed chromosomes throughout the cell cycle. At interphase the chromosomes appear to have bands perpendicular to the long axis of the chromosome with a periodicity of 127 nm. Each band is composed of 2.5 nm fibers and 9.0 nm granules coiled into a helix around a central core of 9.0 nm fibers. Chromosome uncoiling has been correlated with the uptake of3[H]-thymidine. As chromosomes enter the uncoiling phase of the cell cycle they appear less dense and reveal a number of fibrous extensions. At later stages chromosomes completely uncoil into elongate fibers 127 nm in width. Chromosome unwinding corresponds to the peak in the uptake of3[H]-thymidine. Chromosomes observed on either side of the peak possess the typical interphase banding. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the fine structural details of chromosome uncoiling during a specific phase of the cell cycle. A new model of the Dinoflagellate chromonema has been derived from this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279217
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural comparison of the mitotic apparatus, feeding apparatus, flagellar apparatus and cytoskeleton in euglenoids and kinetoplastids (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 164 (1991), S. 91-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Bodonid ; Crithidia ; Cytoskeleton ; Cytostome ; Diplonema ; Euglena ; Feeding apparatus ; Flagellar apparatus ; Microtubular root ; Mitosis ; Pellicle ; Rhynchomonas ; Trypanoplasma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The euglenoids and kinetoplastids form a diverse assemblage of organisms which show no obvious phylogenetic relationship with other flagellates. An ultrastructural examination and comparison of the flagellar apparatus, the feeding apparatus, and mitotic nucleus indicate a number of shared morphological features which support a common ancestry for the two groups. Of particular interest is the euglenoid,Petalomonas cantuscygni, which shares many of the ultrastructural features common to both groups. Based on the data presented, we hypothesize that a euglenoid with features similar to those now present inP. cantuscygni was ancestral to both the euglenoid and kinetoplastid lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320817
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