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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foundations of gregariousness (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 370 (1994), S. 511-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Most benthic marine invertebrates have a pelagic larval phase, during which they may disperse widely. Once ready to metamorphose, the planktonic larvae of many species (for example mussels, oysters, barnacles, sand dollars) settle preferentially on or near conspecific adults, forming ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/370511a0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry, calcification of coral (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Schoepf, Verena; Jury, Christopher P; Toonen, Robert J; McCulloch, Malcolm T (2017): Coral calcification mechanisms facilitate adaptive responses to ocean acidification. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 284(1868), 20172117, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2117
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA) is a pressing threat to reef-building corals, but it remains poorly understood how coral calcification is inhibited by OA and whether corals could acclimatize and/or adapt to OA. Using a novel geochemical approach, we reconstructed the carbonate chemistry of the calcifying fluid in two coral species using both a pH and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) proxy (delta 11B and B/Ca, respectively). To address the potential for adaptive responses, both species were collected from two sites spanning a natural gradient in seawater pH and temperature, and then subjected to three pHT levels (8.04, 7.88, 7.71) crossed by two temperatures (control, +1.5°C) for 14 weeks. Corals from the site with naturally lower seawater pH calcified faster and maintained growth better under simulated OA than corals from the higher-pH site. This ability was consistently linked to higher pH yet lower DIC values in the calcifying fluid, suggesting that these differences are the result of long-term acclimatization and/or local adaptation to naturally lower seawater pH. Nevertheless, all corals elevated both pH and DIC significantly over seawater values, even under OA. This implies that high pH upregulation combined with moderate levels of DIC upregulation promote resistance and adaptive responses of coral calcification to OA.
    Keywords: Acid-base regulation; Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Boron/Calcium ratio; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcifying fluid, aragonite saturation state; Calcifying fluid, carbonate ion; Calcifying fluid, dissolved inorganic carbon; Calcifying fluid, pH; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Kaneohe_Bay; Laboratory experiment; Montipora capitata; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH change; Porites compressa; Ratio; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Site; Species; Temperature; Temperature, water; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Waimanalo_bay; δ11B
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8102 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and coral calcification rates (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Estimates of heritability inform evolutionary potential and the likely outcome of many management actions, but such estimates remain scarce for marine organisms. Here, we report high heritability of calcification rate among the eight most dominant Hawaiian coral species under reduced pH simulating future ocean conditions. Coral colonies were sampled from up to six locations across a natural mosaic in seawater chemistry throughout Hawaiʻi and fragmented into clonal replicates maintained under both ambient and high pCO2 conditions. Broad sense heritability of calcification rates was high among all eight species, ranging from a low of 0.32 in Porites evermanni to a high of 0.61 in Porites compressa. The overall results were inconsistent with short-term acclimatization to the local environment or adaptation to the mean or ideal conditions. Similarly, in 'local vs. foreign' and 'home vs. away' tests there was no clear signature of local adaptation. Instead, the data are most consistent with a protected polymorphism as the mechanism which maintains differential pH tolerance within the populations. Substantial individual variation, coupled with high heritability and large population sizes, imply considerable scope for natural selection and adaptive capacity, which has major implications for evolutionary potential and management of corals in response to climate change.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Colony number/ID; Comment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Laboratory experiment; Location; Mass; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Montipora capitata; Montipora flabellata; Montipora patula; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Pocillopora acuta; Pocillopora meandrina; Porites compressa; Porites evermanni; Porites lobata; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Site; Species; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 23209 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification, survivorship of coral (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Coral reefs have great biological and socioeconomic value, but are threatened by ocean acidification, climate change and local human impacts. The capacity for corals to adapt or acclimatize to novel environmental conditions is unknown but fundamental to projected reef futures. The coral reefs of Kāne'ohe Bay, Hawai'i were devastated by anthropogenic insults from the 1930s to 1970s. These reefs experience naturally reduced pH and elevated temperature relative to many other Hawaiian reefs which are not expected to face similar conditions for decades. Despite catastrophic loss in coral cover owing to human disturbance, these reefs recovered under low pH and high temperature within 20 years after sewage input was diverted. We compare the pH and temperature tolerances of three dominant Hawaiian coral species from within Kāne'ohe Bay to conspecifics from a nearby control site and show that corals from Kāne'ohe are far more resistant to acidification and warming. These results show that corals can have different pH and temperature tolerances among habitats and understanding the mechanisms by which coral cover rebounded within two decades under projected future ocean conditions will be critical to management. Together these results indicate that reducing human stressors offers hope for reef resilience and effective conservation over coming decades.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Event label; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Individuals; Kaneohe_Bay; Laboratory experiment; Montipora capitata; Mortality/Survival; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard error; Pocillopora acuta; Porites compressa; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Site; Species; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Waimanalo_bay
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 19405 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and biodiversity of coral reef cryptobiota (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean-warming and acidification are predicted to reduce coral reef biodiversity, but the combined effects of these stressors on overall biodiversity are largely unmeasured. Here, we examined the individual and combined effects of elevated temperature (+2 °C) and reduced pH (−0.2 units) on the biodiversity of coral reef communities that developed on standardized sampling units over a 2-y mesocosm experiment. Biodiversity and species composition were measured using amplicon sequencing libraries targeting the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcoding gene. Ocean-warming significantly increased species richness relative to present-day control conditions, whereas acidification significantly reduced richness. Contrary to expectations, species richness in the combined future ocean treatment with both warming and acidification was not significantly different from the present-day control treatment. Rather than the predicted collapse of biodiversity under the dual stressors, we find significant changes in the relative abundance but not in the occurrence of species, resulting in a shuffling of coral reef community structure among the highly species-rich cryptobenthic community. The ultimate outcome of altered community structure for coral reef ecosystems will depend on species-specific ecological functions and community interactions. Given that most species on coral reefs are members of the understudied cryptobenthos, holistic research on reef communities is needed to accurately predict diversity–function relationships and ecosystem responses to future climate conditions.
    Keywords: Abundance; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Entire community; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Identification; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; Number of sequences; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Operational taxonomic unit; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Phylum; Potentiometric titration; Proportion; Reads; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Species richness; Spectrophotometric; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Tropical; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2010 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and coral physiology in 22-month mesocosm experiment (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-24
    Description: This dataset includes physiological parameters of three Hawaiian coral species (Porites compressa, Porites lobata, and Montipora capitata) over 22-month mesocosm experiment. The corals were exposed to one of four treatments: control, ocean acidification, ocean warming, or combined future ocean conditions.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Behaviour; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, total, flux; Carbon, organic, total, per dry mass, flux; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Code; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Contribution; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Feeding rate; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Haleiwa; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Lipid content; Lipids; Lipids, per dry mass; MokuoLoe_OA; Montipora capitata; Mortality/Survival; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Porites compressa; Porites lobata; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Protein per surface area; Proteins; Proteins, per dry mass; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sampan_Channel; Single species; Site; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Spectrophotometric; Symbiodiniaceae; Symbiodiniaceae, per dry mass; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Tropical; Type of study; Waimanalo; Whiteness
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16188 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Discordant distribution of populations and genetic variation in a sea star with high dispersal potential (2009)
    Wiley
    In:  Evolution, 63 (12). pp. 3214-3227.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-11
    Description: Patiria miniata, a broadcast-spawning sea star species with high dispersal potential, has a geographic range in the intertidal zone of the northeast Pacific Ocean from Alaska to California that is characterized by a large range gap in Washington and Oregon. We analyzed spatial genetic variation across the P. miniata range using multilocus sequence data (mtDNA, nuclear introns) and multilocus genotype data (microsatellites). We found a strong phylogeographic break at Queen Charlotte Sound in British Columbia that was not in the location predicted by the geographical distribution of the populations. However, this population genetic discontinuity does correspond to previously described phylogeographic breaks in other species. Northern populations from Alaska and Haida Gwaii were strongly differentiated from all southern populations from Vancouver Island and California. Populations from Vancouver Island and California were undifferentiated with evidence of high gene flow or very recent separation across the range disjunction between them. The surprising and discordant spatial distribution of populations and alleles suggests that historical vicariance (possibly caused by glaciations) and contemporary dispersal barriers (possibly caused by oceanographic conditions) both shape population genetic structure in this species.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00801.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Very fine-scale population genetic structure of sympatric asterinid sea stars with benthic and pelagic larvae: influence of mating system and dispersal potential (2013)
    Wiley
    In:  Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 108 (4). pp. 821-833.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-17
    Description: The present study investigated the fine-scale population genetic structure of sympatric asterinid sea stars with contrasting modes of larval development (benthic versus pelagic). Parvulastra exigua lacks a dispersive life phase yet is one of the worlds most widely distributed and abundant sea stars, whereas Meridiastra calcar, a sea star with a dispersive larva, has a more limited regional scale distribution. Populations of P. exigua sampled from tide pools on three adjacent headlands showed significant genetic substructure (mitochodrial DNA control region) at fine spatial scales (tide pools 〈 300 m apart: FST = 0.249, P 〈 0.01; headlands 5–15 km apart: FST = 0.125, P = 0.04). As expected, M. calcar populations sampled from the same headlands did not exhibit significant genetic structuring (FST = 0.029, P = 0.14). The life-history traits of P. exigua, a mixed mating system (selfing + outcrossing), pseudocopulation among closely-related conspecifics, and an entirely benthic life cycle with a philopatric larva, undoubtedly influence its strong genetic structure across fine spatial scales. Localized genetic structure, especially at the very fine-scale of tide pools, would not be detected in the more typical regional scale approaches adopted by most studies of marine invertebrate populations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/bij.12006
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Is post-bleaching recovery of Acropora hyacinthus on Palau via spread of local kin groups? (2020)
    Springer Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Cros, A., Toonen, R., & Karl, S. A. Is post-bleaching recovery of Acropora hyacinthus on Palau via spread of local kin groups? Coral Reefs, (2020), doi:10.1007/s00338-020-01961-3.
    Description: Palau suffered massive mortality of reef corals during the 1998 mass bleaching, and understanding recovery from that catastrophic loss is critical to management for future impacts. Many reef species have shown significant genetic structure at small scales while apparently absent at large scales, a pattern often referred to as chaotic genetic patchiness. Here we use hierarchical sampling of population structure scored from a panel of microsatellite markers for the coral Acropora hyacinthus across the islands of Yap, Ngulu and Palau to evaluate hypotheses about the mechanisms of previously described chaotic genetic structure. As with previous studies, we find no isolation-by-distance within or between the three islands and high genetic structure between sites separated by as little as ~ 10 km on Palau. Using kinship among individual colonies, however, we find higher mean pairwise relatedness coefficients among individuals within sampling sites. Comparing population structure among hierarchical sampling scales, we show that the pattern of chaotic genetic patchiness reported previously appears to derive from genetic patches of local kin groups at small spatial scales. Genetic distinction of Palau from neighboring islands and high kinship among individuals within these kinship neighborhoods implies that the coral reefs of Palau apparently recovered through a mosaic of rare thermally tolerant colonies that survived the 1998 mass bleaching and are now spreading and recolonizing reefs as local kin groups. This pattern of recovery on Palau gives us a better understanding for effective coral reef conservation strategies in which protecting these rare survivors wherever they occur, rather than specific areas of reef habitat, is critical to increase coral reef resilience.
    Description: This work was supported by the Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund to A Cros and SA Karl; the Graduate Women in Science Adel Lewis Grant Fellowship; the Founder Region Fellowship; the Ecology Evolution Conservation Biology Watson T. Yoshimoto grant and the Colonel Willys E. Lord Scholarship Award to A Cros; and a National Science Foundation grant OCE 14-16889 to RJ Toonen.
    Keywords: Population genetics ; Microsatellite ; Palau ; Kinship
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 10
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    Coral calcification rates from experiments conducted on Oahu, Hawaii from December of 2014 to November of 2015 (2019)
    Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO). Contact: bco-dmo-data@whoi.edu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: Dataset: Coral calcification rates
    Description: Coral calcification rates from experiments conducted on Oahu, Hawaii from December of 2014 to November of 2015 For a complete list of measurements, refer to the full dataset description in the supplemental file 'Dataset_description.pdf'. The most current version of this dataset is available at: https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/708338
    Description: NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1514859, NSF Division of Ocean Sciences (NSF OCE) OCE-1514861
    Keywords: Ocean acidification ; Climate change ; Coral bleaching ; Kaneohe Bay ; Montipora capitata ; Porites compressa
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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    PAPER (OA)
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