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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 20 (1981), S. 560-566 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effects of mechanical clot removal during early surgery on pharmacological cerebrovascular reactivity after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) were investigated in the monkey.2. Contractions to potassium chloride, 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenaline in rings of proximal parts of middle cerebral arteries (MCP), surrounded with clot, and basilar arteries (BAP), far from the clot, were examined 7 days after SAH, in which an autologous blood clot was bilaterally placed around major cerebral arteries.3. Compared with the sham-operated group, contractions in the clot removal groups at 48 and 72 h after SAH were reduced in MCP and enhanced in BAP.4. These results suggest that divergent vascular contractility may occur according to the distance between artery and clot if the clot is removed later than 48 h after SAH.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibody ; ABO blood group substances ; Saliva ; Monoklonale Antikörper ; ABO-Blutgruppensubstanzen ; Speichel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Monoklonale Antikörper von Maus (P4-2F, P4-5C) gegen ABO-Blutgruppensubstanzen im Speichel wurden hergestellt durch Immunisierung mit ABO-aktivem Glykoprotein, welches durch Ethanol-Präzipitation aus erhitztem Speichel gewonnen wurde. Diese Antikörper fanden sich an Speichel, unabhängig von der ABO-Blutgruppe und vom Sekretorstatus. Speichel mit einer Verdünnung bis zu 3.2 x 104 konnte mit Hilfe der ELISA-Technik mit diesen Antikörpern nachgewiesen werden. Die Resultate der Untersuchungen zur Gewebs- und Spezies-Spezifität der Antikörper mit Hilfe der ELISA-Technik und der Kreuz-Elektrophorese zeigten, daß die Antikörper spezifisch für menschlichen Speichel sind. Durch Immunoblotting der deglycosylierten ABO-Blutgruppensubstanzen wurde es offensichtlich, daß die Epitope für die Antikörper auf dem Proteinkern der Blutgruppensubstanz im Speichel lokalisiert sind. Aufgrund der vorstehenden Befunde dürften die Antikörper extrem nützliche Reagenzien für die Identifizierung von Speichel darstellen. Weiterhin können sie benutzt werden zur Antikörper-Bindung in Sandwich-Methoden mit dem Ziel der ABO-Blutgruppenbestimmung des Speichels bei Vorliegen von gemischten Körperflüssigkeiten.
    Notes: Summary Mouse monoclonal antibodies (P4-2F, P45C) against ABO blood group substances in saliva were produced by immunization with ABO blood group active-glycoprotein after ethanol precipitation from heated saliva. These antibodies bound to saliva, irrespective of the ABO blood group and secretor status. Saliva diluted at least 3.2 x 10 -fold could be detected by ELISA using these antibodies. Tissue and species specificity of the antibodies was tested by ELISA and counterimmunoelectrophoresis and showed that the antibodies were specific for human saliva. By immunoblotting of the deglycosylated ABO blood group substances it was evident that the epitopes for the antibodies were localized on the core protein of blood group substances in saliva. These antibodies could be extremely suitable reagents for the identification of saliva in medico-legal examinations. Furthermore, they may be used as capture antibodies in sandwich methods for ABO blood grouping of saliva from mixtures of body fluids.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: ABO blood grouping ; Saliva ; Mixed body fluids ; Monoclonal antibody ; ABO ; Bestimmung ; Speichel ; gemischte Körperflüssigkeiten ; monoklonale Antikörper
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In dieser Untersuchung wurden Methoden zur ABO-Blutgruppenbestimmung an Speichel aus gemischten Körperflüssigkeiten etabliert. Monoklonale Antikörper zu gewebsspezifischen Epitopen für Blutgruppensubstanzen in Speichel wurden als „solid phase” Antikörper benutzt, um Blutgruppensubstanzen zu binden. Die ABO-Blutgruppenbestimmung von Speichel konnte mit diesen Methoden ohne Interferenz mit anderen Körperflüssigkeiten (z. B. Sperma, Vaginalsekret, Urin, Schweiß und Serum) durchgeführt werden. Speichelverdünnungen von Sekretoren zwischen 3.000fach und 16.000fach waren ausreichend für die ABO-Blutgruppenbestimmung mit Hilfe von „Sandwich-ELISA” und bzw. „Sandwich-Absorptions-Elutions-Test”.
    Notes: Summary In this paper methods for ABO blood grouping of saliva from mixed body fluids have been established. Monoclonal antibodies to tissue specific epitopes on blood group substances in saliva were used as solid phase antibodies to catch the blood group substances. ABO blood grouping of saliva could be performed by these methods without interference from other body fluids (eg. semen, vaginal secretion, urine, sweat and serum). At least 16,000 and 3,000 fold dilutions of secretor saliva were sufficient for ABO blood grouping by sandwich ELISA and sandwich absorption-elution test, respectively.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Monoclonal antibody ; ABO blood grouping ; Semen ; Monoklonale Antikörper ; ABO-Blutgruppenbestimmung ; Samenflüssigkeit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine praktikable Methode wurde entwickelt für die ABO-Bestimmung an Samen bei Vorliegen von gemischten Körperflüssigkeiten. Ein monoklonaler Antikörper (P6-5H), welcher ein gewebsspezifisches Epitop von Spermaflüssigkeits-ABO-Blutgruppensubstanz (α2-Seminoglycoprotein) erkennt, wurde als Fest-Phasen-Antikörper eingesetzt zur selektiven Bindung der ABO-Blutgruppensubstanz aus Samen. ABO-Blutgruppenepitope von Sekretoren und Nichtsekretoren wurde bis zu Verdünnungen 8 x 103 bis 3,2 x 104−fach bzw. 8 x 103-fach nachgewiesen mit Hilfe der Sandwich-ELISA-Technik. ABO-Blutgruppen-Epitope wurden ebenfalls nachgewiesen bis zu Verdünnungen von 4 x 103-fach, unabhängig vom Sekretorstatus mit Hilfe des Sandwich-Absorptions-Elutionstestes.
    Notes: Summary Practical methods were developed for ABO blood grouping of semen from mixed body fluids. An monoclonal antibody (P6-5H) which recognizes a tissuespecific epitope on a seminal ABO blood group substance (α2-seminoglycoprotein) was used as a solid phase antibody for selective capture of the seminal ABO blood group substance. ABO blood group epitopes of secretor and non-secretor semen were detected in dilutions of 8 x 103−3.2 x 104 and 8 x 103-fold, respectively, by sandwich ELISA. ABO blood group epitopes were also detected in dilutions up to 4 x 103-fold, irrespective of secretor status, by the sandwich absorption-elution test.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 107 (1995), S. 193-196 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Brain ; Tissue identification ; Myosin isoform ; ELISA ; Hirn ; Gewebeidentifizierung Myosin Isoform ; ELISA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nicht-Muskelgewebe enthalten drei Isoformen der schweren Kette des Myosins (MHC); MIIA und MIIB (MIIB1 und MIIB2). MIIA MHC ist eine Isoform vom Nicht-Muskel-Typ und ist in allen Nicht-Muskelgeweben und glatter Muskulatur verbreitet, während MIIB1 und MIIB2 MHC Isoformen vom Hirn-Typ sind und hauptsächlich in neuronalem Gewebe vorkommen. Die Ratio von MIIA und MIIB (AB-Ratio) unterscheidet sich zwischen den Geweben, so daß es nahe liegt, daß diese Ratio ein nützlicher Marker zur Gewebeidentifizierung sein könnte. Um diese A/B-Ratio zur Gewebeidentifizierung in der rechtsmedizinischen Praxis anwenden zu können, entwickelten wir einen hochsensitiven ELISA zur Quantifizierung jeder MHC Isoform. Mit dieser vorliegenden Methode konnten wenigstens 100 pg von beiden MHC Isoformen nachgewiesen werden. Die Analyse der A/B-Ratios von Großhirn, Kleinhirn, Leber, Niere, Milz und Nebenniere mit der vorliegenden Methode zeigte an, daß die AB-Ratio von Hirn-Gewebe (〈 0,5) sich gänzlich von anderem Gewebe (〉 3,0) unterschied. Die AB-Ratio konnte an frischer Gewebeprobe von mindestens 8 μg und an 0,1 mg getrockneter, 1 Monat bei Zimmertemperatur aufbewahrter Gewebeprobe bestimmt werden. Daher scheint diese A/B-Ratio ein ausgezeichneter Marker für die Identifizierung von Hirngewebe zu sein.
    Notes: Abstract Non-muscle tissues contain 3 myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms; MIIA, MIIB 1 and MIIB2. MIIA is a non-muscle type isoform distributed in all non-muscle tissues and smooth-muscle, while MIIB 1 and MIIB2 are brain-type isoforms distributed mainly in neuronal tissues. The ratio of MIIA and MIIB (AB ratio) differs between tissues, suggesting that this ratio may be a useful marker for tissue identification. To apply the AB ratio for tissue identification in forensic practice, we developed a highly sensitive ELISA for quantification of each MHC isoform. At least 100 pg of both MHC isoforms could be detected by the present method. Analysis of the AB ratio of the cerebrum, cerebellum, liver, kidney, spleen and andrenal gland by the present method indicated that the AB ratio of the brain tissue (〈 0.5) was quite different from other tissues (〉3.0). The AB ratio could be determined from at least 8 μg of fresh tissue sample and 0.1 mg of dried tissue sample stored for 1 month at room temperature. Therefore, the A/B ratio seems to be an excellent marker for identification of the brain tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1615-2573
    Keywords: Vascular contraction ; Clot removal ; Subarachnoid hemorrhage ; Cerebral vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clot removal at early surgery has been reported to be clinically effective for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. We examined the most efficacious timing of mechanical clot removal on pharmacological responses in a monkey SAH model. Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were randomized into five groups: sham-operated, clot removal in which the clot was removed 48, 72, or 96h after SAH, and clot groups. An autologous blood clot was placed around the bilateral major cerebral arteries after craniectomy to mimic the hemorrhage. Seven days after the SAH, proximal and successively distal parts of the middle cerebral arteries were cut into rings for isometric tension measurement. The contractile responses to potassium chloride, 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine, adenosine triphosphate, prostaglandin F2α, and hemoglobin were greater in the proximal parts than in the distal parts in each group. Compared with the sham-operated group, the responses of the clot-removal and clot groups to the drugs were progressively attenuated. The maximum responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine in the proximal parts and to adenosine triphosphate in the distal parts started to decrease, significantly, in the clot-removal group 48h after SAH, while most of the responses to the other agonists began to decrease in the clot-removal groups later than 72h after SAH. These results suggest that the attenuation of cerebrovascular contractile responses 7 days after SAH is pharmacologically inevitable, even if the clot is removed as early as 48h after the SAH. Clot removal may thus be recommended within 48h after SAH to ameliorate the severity of cerebral vasospasm following SAH.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Sialoglycoprotein ; natural killer (NK) cells ; wheat germ agglutinin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We analyzed surface glycoproteins of human natural killer (NK) cells by utilizing lectins. Among the lectins tested, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) was found to bind preferentially to CD16(Leu11)-positive lymphocytes as determined by two-colour flow cytometry. Analysis of glycoproteins in the lysate prepared from NK cells with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting and125I labeled WGA staining revealed that a glycoprotein with anM r of 65 kDa was strongly bound to the lectin, but no corresponding glycoprotein was detected in the lysate of T lymphocytes. This glycoprotein (GP65) gave several spots in the pI range 4.1–4.6 on 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Sialidase treatment of GP65 resulted in a single spot on the 2-dimensional gel, suggesting that GP65 is heterogeneous in the degree of sialylation. GP65 was shown to be exposed on the cell surface, since it was radiolabeled with125I by the lactoperoxidase-catalyzed method. We next isolated GP65 from human peripheral blood lymphocytes by a combination of chromatography on a cation-exchange column and a WGA-agarose column and preparative SDS gel electrophoresis. It is suggested that GP65 is a novel surface glycoprotein on human NK cells.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Band 3 Memphis ; Erythrocyte band 3 ; Genetic polymorphism ; Monoclonal antibody ; Bande 3-Memphis ; Erythrozyten-Bande 3 ; Genetischer Polymorphismus ; Monoklonaler Antikörper
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Variante der Erythrozyten-Bande 3 (EPB 3), nämlich die Memphis-Variante (EPB 3*Memphis), wurde mit Hilfe eines monoklonalen Antikörpers, welcher gegen die 41 kDa zytoplasmatische N-terminale Domäne der Bande 3 gerichtet ist, und des Immunoblottings ohne Proteasebehandlung der Erythrozyten nachgewiesen. EPB 3*Memphis wurde auch mit Hilfe des Immunoblottings aus 3 Monate alten Blutspuren nachgewiesen, welche einer α-Chymotrypsinbehandlung unterzogen wurden. Eine populationsgenetische Studie mit Hilfe dieser Methode zeigte, daß die EPB*3-Variante nützlich für forensische Arbeiten in Japan sein würde, da die Häufigkeit dieser Variante bei Japanern (Präfektur Wakayama) relativ hoch ist (0,159).
    Notes: Summary The erythrocyte band 3 (EPB3) variant, band 3 Memphis (EPB3*Memphis), was detected by immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody to the 41 kDa cytoplasmic N-terminal domain of band 3 without protease treatment of erythrocytes. EPB3*Memphis was also detected by immunoblotting from 3-month-old bloodstains subjected to α-chymotrypsin treatment. A population genetic study using this method indicated that the EPB3 variant would be useful for forensic work in Japan, since the frequency of this variant in Japanese (Wakayama prefecture) is relatively high (0.159).
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