Keywords:
Carbohydrates -- Metabolism.
;
Biochemistry.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
Comprehensive Biochemistry, Volume 17: Carbohydrate Metabolism focuses on the processes, reactions, and transformations involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, including glycosaminoglycans, enzymes, oxidation, and glycolysis. The selection first elaborates on functional organization contributing to carbohydrate economy and control of synthesis and breakdown of glycogen, starch, and cellulose. Discussions focus on breakdown of glycogen in mammalian systems, role of glycogen in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, glycogen and starch metabolism in bacteria and plants, carbohydrate digestion, and integration of digestion and absorption. The book also ponders on regulation and mechanisms of enzymes and hexose-monophosphate oxidation, including functions and regulation of pentose-phosphate cycle glucose transport and role of subsequent steps in regulating the rate of glycolysis. The book takes a look at the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans, aldonic and uronic acids, and carbohydrate and oxidative metabolism in neural systems. Concerns include control of carbohydrate metabolism, adaptive changes in relation to carbohydrate metabolism, uronic and aldonic acid metabolism in plants and microorganisms, and mechanism of alternation of monosaccharide units. The selection is a vital source of data for researchers interested in carbohydrate metabolism.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (325 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781483162706
Series Statement:
Issn Series ; v.Volume 17
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1874631
DDC:
572
Language:
English
Note:
Front Cover -- Carbohydrate Metabolism -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS VOLUME -- GENERAL PREFACE -- PREFACE TO SECTION IV -- COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY -- Chapter I. Functional Organization Contributing to Carbohydrate Economy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Carbohydrate digestion -- 3. Carbohydrate absorption -- 4. Na+ interaction with sugar transport -- 5. Integration of digestion and absorption -- 6. Control of sugar absorption -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter II. Control of Synthesis and Breakdown of Glycogen, Starch and Cellulose -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Synthesis of glycogen in mammalian systems -- 3. Breakdown of glycogen in mammalian systems -- 4. The role of glycogen in the regulation of glycogen metabolism -- 5. Branching and debranching of glycogen -- 6. Alternative pathways for the complete breakdown of glycogen -- 7. Glycogen and starch metabolism in bacteria and plants -- 8. Metabolism of glycogen and trehalose in insects -- 9. The synthesis of cellulose -- 10. Concluding remarks -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter III. Glycolysis: Regulation and Mechanisms of the Enzymes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Glucose transport -- 3. Phosphorylation of glucose (Glucose+ATP→G-6-P+ADP, Mg2 +) -- 4. Phosphoglucose isomerase (II) (G-6-P⇌F-6-P) -- 5. Phosphofructokinase (IV) (F-6-P+ATP→F-1,6-diP+ADP) -- 6. Interlude: Role of subsequent steps in regulating the rate of glycolysis -- 7. Aldolase (V) (FDP⇌DHAP + D-G-3-P) -- 8. Triose-P isomerase (VI) (DHAP⇌D-G-3-P) -- 9. Glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (VII) (G-3-P + NAD+ + P1⇌glycerate-1,3-diP + NADH + H+) -- 10. Phosphoglycerate kinase (VIII) (1,3-diP glycerate + ADP⇌3-P-glycerate + ATP) -- 11. Phosphoglycerate mutase (IX) (D-3-P-glycerate⇌D-2-P-glycerate) -- 12. Enolase (X) (D-2-P-glycerate⇌P-enolpyruvate + H2O).
,
13. Pyruvate kinase (XI) (PEP3- + ADP2- + H +⇌pyruvate- + ATP3-) -- 14. Epilogue -- REFERENCES -- Chapter IV. Hexose-Monophosphate Oxidation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. GIucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) -- 3. Lactonase (EC 3.1.1.17) -- 4. Gluconate-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (6-phospho-D-gluconate: NADP+oxidoreductase, decarboxylating, EC 1.1.1.44) -- 5. Regulation of the pentose-phosphate cycle -- 6. Functions of the pentose-phosphate cycle -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter V. Carbohydrate and Oxidative Metabolismin Neural Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Carbohydrate levels -- 3. Carbohydrate metabolism -- 4. Environmental influences -- 5. Control of carbohydrate metabolism -- 6. Adaptive changes in relation to carbohydrate metabolism -- REFERENCES -- Chapter VI. Aldonic and Uronic Acids -- 1. Introduction -- 2. D-Glucuronic acid and L-gulonic acid in animal metabolism -- 3. Other uronic acids and aldonic acids in animal metabolism -- 4. Uronic and aldonic acid metabolism in plants and microorganisms -- 5. 2-Keto-3-deoxyaldonic acids -- REFERENCES -- Chapter VII. The Metabolism of Glycosaminoglycans -- 1. The formation of precursors -- 2. Initiation of chain formation -- 3. The mechanism of alternation of monosaccharide units -- 4. The mechanism of sulfation -- 5. The intracellular localization of polysaccharide synthesis -- REFERENCES -- SUBJECT INDEX.
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