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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic ablation of Barrett's oesophagus: a randomized-controlled trial of photodynamic therapy vs. argon plasma coagulation (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Barrett's oesophagus is the major risk factor for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. 5-Aminlevulinic acid-induced photodynamic therapy and argon plasma coagulation have been shown to be effective for ablating Barrett's oesophagus, but a comparative trial of these two modalities has not been reported.Aims : To compare photodynamic therapy and argon plasma coagulation for the ablation of Barrett's oesophagus.Methods : A total of 68 patients (54 male, 14 female; median age 61) with Barrett's oesophagus were randomized to photodynamic therapy (n = 34) or argon plasma coagulation (n = 34). Photodynamic therapy was performed using 5-aminlevulinic acid (30 mg/kg) and red light. Argon plasma coagulation was administered at a power setting of 65 W. Multiple treatment sessions were performed, with follow-up to 24 months.Results : All patients showed a macroscopic reduction in the area of Barrett's oesophagus. This was greatest in the argon plasma coagulation group with 33 of 34 (97%) ablated, compared with 17 of 34 (50%) in the photodynamic therapy group; in the remainder, there was a reduction in the length of Barrett's oesophagus (median 50%, range: 5–90). Buried glands were found in 24% of photodynamic therapy patients, and in 21% of argon plasma coagulation patients. The median follow-up is 12 months (range: 6–24).Conclusions : Photodynamic therapy and argon plasma coagulation are both effective for ablating Barrett's oesophagus. Argon plasma coagulation appears more effective than photodynamic therapy, but the impact of both on carcinoma development requires larger studies with long-term follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02277.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The driving force in trocar insertionrid="" (2000)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 14 (2000), S. 1045 -1046 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Laparoscopic surgery — Trocar injuries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Insertion of the first trocar during the ``closed'' technique of creating a pneumoperitoneum remains one of the most hazardous maneuvres in laparoscopic surgery, with complications such as major vascular and bowel injuries. The ease with which trocars are inserted through the abdominal wall may have some bearing on these complications. Methods: A range of both disposable and reusable trocars, which were identical in point cross section and size, were compared in an abdominal wall model reconstructed with animal hide, using a handheld pressure transducer. Multiple insertions were performed, and the results were expressed in pounds per square inch (PSI). Results: The disposable trocar tested required the least effort to insert (mean pressure, 2.76 PSI), followed by the new reusable (mean pressure, 3.42 PSI), with the used reusable trocar requiring the greatest force for insertion (mean pressure, 4.80 PSI). Conclusions: The effect of previous use on ease of insertion demonstrates an obvious disadvantage of reusable instruments. The excessive force required to insert some trocars may place the patient at greater risk of trocar injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004640000224
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing the conditions forin vivo electrical virtual biopsies in Barrett's oesophagus (2000)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 38 (2000), S. 373-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Virtual biopsies ; Barrett's oesophagus ; Bio-electrical impedance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has previously been shown that it is possible to differentiate between squamous and columnar epithelia in rat and resected human tissues using an impedance probe to makein vitro measurements. This probe can be passed down an endoscope allowing measurements to be made in patients. However, the probe emerges parallel to the oesophageal wall, with little room to manoeuvre. The conditions of control required to give reliable readings have been investigated. The importance of pressure applied and the angle of approach to the oesophagus was assessed. Pressures in the range 26.6 Pa to 46.3 kPa and angles in the range 15–90 degrees were considered. Inin vitro studies it was observed that it was possible to obtain consistent readings with pressures greater than 2.9 kPa and with angles greater than 15 degrees between the probe and the oesophagus. These conditions can be achievedin vivo, and readings obtained from twelve patients are shown (45 readings on normal squamous, 34 on Barrett's oesophagus and 22 on stomach). At low frequencies (9.6–153.2 kHz), a Mann-Whitney test shows a significant difference (p〈0.001) when comparing the means from squamous and columnar, and also when readings from Barrett's and normal gastric epithelia are compared (p〈0.001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02345004
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of autoregressive-modelling techniques for the analysis of colonic myoelectrical activity in man (1980)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 18 (1980), S. 591-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Colonic rhythm ; Myoelectrical activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monopolar and bipolar recordings of human colonic myoelectric activity have been made on 29 occasions from implanted serosal electrodes attached to either the ascending colon or transverse colon. The records were analysed visually by fast-Fourier-transform techniques and by autoregressive modelling. The results obtained by autoregressive modelling, which is a completely objective technique, were compared with the results obtained by visual and fast-Fourier-transform techniques. It is concluded that the autoregressive-modelling technique gives results which correlate well with visual analysis by a trained observer, and has the advantage of a numerical print out of frequency together with automatic significance detection. The technique would enable accurate comparison of results to be made by research groups working on colonic myoelectrical activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02443131
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