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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 26 (1938), S. 723-724 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 82 (1968), S. 321-336 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In the young part of the stem of Polytrichum commune the protoplasts of the two types of conducting cells, the leptoids and parenchyma cells, are nearly identically equipped with cell organelles and cytoplasmic structures. Both types contain a nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and dictyosomes. The endoplasmic reticulum builds characteristic cisterns in form of hollow cylinders extending from one end wall to the other. The cisterns are connected with many plasmodesmata, which occur only in the end walls. Leptoids have oblique end walls with 16 to 20 plasmodesmata per μm2, and parenchyma cells show cross walls perpendicular to the axis with 9 to 12 plasmodesmata per μm2. Since the leptoids are supposed to be the pathways for the longitudinal transport of assimilates (Eschrich and Steiner, 1967, 1968), it is of interest that early in their development these elements undergo a change in their protoplasmatic structure. Two to 3 cm below the apical cell the protoplasts degenerate and show lysosome-like structures. The endoplasmic reticulum and other structures are deformed or dissolved; the plasmodesmata are constricted by callose deposits. At the same level the parenchyma cells still retain the original structure of their protoplasts. Thus, assimilates moving upward in one row of leptoids may penetrate the whole lumen of the leptoids at lower levels, but they are restricted to the cisterns of the endoplasmic reticulum at higher levels of the stem.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 36 (1948), S. 131-153 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Im Zusammenhang mit Fragen der Konstitutionsspezifität der Wirkung der Indol-3-essigsäure werden einige vonH. Binder (1938) neudargestellte Substanzen im Wuchsstofftest geprüft. Alswirksam wurden befunden: N-Acetyl-indol-3-acetonitril, Benzylcyanid und o-Amino-phenyl-essigsäure, alsunwirksam Indol-3-carbonsäure-diäthylamid, Indol-3-aceton, Indolyl-methyl-keton, Indol-3-carbonsäure-diäthylamid, Thionaphthen-essigsäure-diäthylamid, Phenylaceton und Chinol-2-carbonsäure. Bei Indol-3-α-methyl-essigsäure und Phenyl-essigsäure konnte die aus der Literatur bekannte Wuchsstoffwirksamkeit bestätigt werden, nicht hingegen bei Thionaphthen-2-essigsäure. 2. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, daß die aktivierte Methylengruppe in der Seitenkette des Heteroauxins zwar wahrscheinlich als notwendige, nicht aber als hinreichende Bedingung für die Wuchsstoffwirkung anzusehen ist. 3. Gewisse Befunde lassen mit der Möglichkeit rechnen, daß Säurenitrile als solche, und nicht erst nach Verseifung zu den entsprechenden Säuren eine Wuchsstoffwirkung besitzen. 4. Einige grundsätzliche Fragen der Methodik und der Auswertung von Testversuchen zum Vergleich verschiedener chemischer Substanzen werden kurz erörtert.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 82 (1968), S. 33-49 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe von lückenlosen Querschnittsserien wurde die Struktur des Leitgewebesystems von Polytrichum commune ermittelt. Dabei ergab sich: 1. Der Leptommantel des Zentralstranges besteht aus Parenchymzellen mit quer gestellten Endwänden und Leptoiden mit schräg gestellten Endwänden. Die Leptoiden sind in 8 längs verlaufenden Strängen angeordnet. Alle Elemente des Zentralstranges differenzieren sich in basipetaler Richtung. 2. Die Blattspurelemente werden während ihres Verlaufs im Stengelgewebe zum größten Teil eliminiert. Von den 11 Zentralzellen des Blattrippenbündels tritt nur eine mit den axialen Hydroiden in Verbindung. Von den parenchymatischen Elementen der Blattspur werden die abaxialen Socii vollständig, die adaxialen Deuter bis auf 4 oder 5 eliminiert. Einige der verbleibenden Deuter treten mit einem, seltener mit zwei Leptoidensträngen über eine Leptoidenbrücke in Kontakt. Die Elemente der Blattspur differenzieren sich in basipetaler und akropetaler Richtung. Die Blattspur wird in zentrifugaler Richtung über einen Zeitabschnitt von 24 Blattplastochronen vervollständigt. 3. Die Ergebnisse lassen erkennen, daß zwischen Zentralstrang und Blattspuren nur ein loser Zusammenhang besteht. Der Vergleich des Leitgewebesystems von Polytrichum mit einer Aktinostele ist nicht gerechtfertigt.
    Notes: Summary In a previous paper (Eschrich and Steiner, 1967) we could show that 14C-labeled assimilates moved in the leptom cylinder of the stem of Polytrichum commune with a velocity of at least 32 cm per hour. The present paper deals with the structure and differentiation of the conducting system of the same species. The central core of hydroids, the water conducting tissue, is surrounded by the leptom cylinder. Embedded in this cylinder of parenchymatic cells are 8 longitudinal strands of leptoids, which are supposed to be the conducting cells for the long distance transport of assimilates. Leptoids differ from parenchyma cells in having oblique end walls. The leptoids originate from derivatives of the apical cell and differentiate in a basipetal direction. Leaf traces are composed of water conducting central cells, which are surrounded by parenchymatic cells, the socii on the abaxial side, the deuter on the adaxial side. A leaf trace entering the stem mostly contains 11 rows of central cell. Along the path of the leaf trace through the ground tissue to the axial conducting system, all central cells are eliminated except the middlemost cell, which eventually merges with the hydroids. The parenchymatic cells of the leaf trace are successively taken off by the ground tissue or they are eliminated. At the level with 4 central cells the leaf trace is devoid of socii and the remaing deuters may be connected with one or two leptoid strands by a group of cells, which is named leptoid bridge. The deuters and the cells of the leptoid bridge have the same oblique end walls as the leptoids. The whole structure shows that there exists only a loose connection between the axial conducting system and the leaf traces.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 36 (1949), S. 284-288 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 38 (1951), S. 310-312 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 40 (1953), S. 483-483 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 40 (1953), S. 487-487 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 40 (1953), S. 149-153 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 41 (1954), S. 40-41 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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