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  • 1
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    Balsaminaceae of Myanmar (2018)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 63, pp. 199-267
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A revision of the Balsaminaceae of Myanmar is presented based on herbarium collections and a field trip in 2015. Sixty-five species, unevenly distributed across one monotypic (Hydrocera) and one species-rich genus (Impatiens), are recognised. An identification key to species is presented. Twenty species are new records for the country, 17 names are typified and seven species names are synonymized. For each species, a description of the morphology, phenology, ecology and distribution range is provided.
    Keywords: Hydrocera ; Impatiens ; Southeast Asia ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Ecological trends in the wood anatomy of Vaccinioideae (Ericaceae s.l.) (2004)
    In:  FLORA vol. 199, pp. 309-319
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The ecological wood anatomy of 128 vaccinioid wood samples (including 115 species, 35 genera), collected between 39\xc2\xb0S and 60\xc2\xb0N latitude and 10 m to 3400 m altitude is studied. Several wood anatomical features within the subfamily, viz. tangential vessel diameter, average length of tracheary elements, height of multiseriate rays, and presence of prismatic crystals are negatively correlated with increasing latitude, while vessel density and helical thickenings show a positive correlation with increasing latitude. Similar latitudinal trends are found within the genus Vaccinium (31 species studied). The correlation between various wood anatomical features and latitude is surprisingly high despite the fact that most tropical species grow in montane regions, which are rather similar to the temperate, non-tropical habitats as regards climatic conditions. Altitudinal trends, however, are weak. The impact of different life forms (shrubs, trees and lianas) and the amount of precipitation also plays a significant role in various continuous wood features. Furthermore, some of these anatomical features are correlated with each other. Part of the variation in vessel characters may be the result of functional adaptations to different climatic zones and environments, especially with respect to conductive efficiency and safety.
    Keywords: Altitude ; Ecological and functional wood anatomy ; Ericaceae ; Latitude ; Vaccinioideae ; Vaccinium
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 3
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    Wood anatomy of the Vanguerieae (Ixoroideae - Rubiaceae), with special emphasis on some geofrutices (2000)
    In:  IAWA Journal vol. 21 no. 4, pp. 443-455
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Vanguerieae is a tribe consisting of about 500 species ordered in 27 genera. Although this tribe is mainly represented in Africa and Madagascar, Vanguerieae also occur in tropical Asia, Australia, and the isles of the Pacific Ocean. This study gives a detailed wood anatomical description of 34 species of 15 genera based on LM and SEM observations. The secondary xylem is homogeneous throughout the tribe and fits well into the Ixoroideae s.l. on the basis of fibre-tracheids and diffuse to diffuse-in-aggregates axial parenchyma. The Vanguerieae include numerous geofrutices that are characterised by massive woody branched or unbranched underground parts and slightly ramified unbranched aboveground twigs. The underground structures of geofrutices are not homologous; a central pith is found in three species (Fadogia schmitzii, Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri and Tapiphyllum cinerascens var. laetum), while Fadogiella stigmatoloba shows central primary xylem which is characteristic of roots. Comparison of underground versus aboveground wood shows anatomical differences in vessel diameter and in the quantity of parenchyma and fibres.
    Keywords: Vanguereae ; Rubiaceae ; systematic wood anatomy ; geofrutex
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 4
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    Pollen morphological variation in Vanguerieae (Ixoroideae - Rubiaceae) (2000)
    In:  Grana vol. 39, pp. 90-102
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The Vanguerieae is a large tribe of the subfamily Ixoroideae (Rubiaceae) and consists of about 500 species in 27 genera. This study gives a detailed pollen morphological description of 30 species from 16 genera, based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The Vanguerieae are considered to be stenopalynous, although there is some evidence to question this. First, there is a difference in sexine types that clearly de\xc2\xae nes Keetia and Psydrax ( both reticulate) , and Canthium and Vanguerieae (both perforate with very small perforations) from the other Vanguerieae investigated. Second, pollen grains corroborate the subgeneric delimitations of Canthium sensu Bridson. Pollen morphologically the tribe is characterised by ( 1) the shape of the ectoapertures which is intermediate between a colpus and a porus, and ( 2) the presence of a costa oriented perpendicular to the ectoaperture and has a form which is correlated with the shape of the costa.
    Keywords: Vanguereae ; Ixoroideae ; Rubiaceae ; pollen ; morphological variation ; stenopalynous
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 5
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    Variation in xylem structure from tropics to tundra: Evidence from vestured pits (2004)
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol. 101 no. 23, pp. 8833-8837
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Bordered pits play an important role in permitting water flow among adjacent tracheary elements in flowering plants. Variation in the bordered pit structure is suggested to be adaptive in optimally balancing the conflict between hydraulic efficiency (conductivity) and safety from air entry at the pit membrane (air seeding). The possible function of vestured pits, which are bordered pits with protuberances from the secondary cell wall of the pit chamber, could be increased hydraulic resistance or minimized vulnerability to air seeding. These functional hypotheses have to be harmonized with the notion that the vestured or nonvestured nature of pits contains strong phylogenetic signals (i.e., often characterize large species-rich clades with broad ecological ranges). A literature survey of 11,843 species covering 6,428 genera from diverse climates indicates that the incidence of vestured pits considerably decreases from tropics to tundra. The highest frequencies of vestured pits occur in deserts and tropical \nseasonal woodlands. Moreover, a distinctly developed network of branched vestures is mainly restricted to warm habitats in both mesic and dry (sub)tropical lowlands, whereas vestures in woody plants from cold and boreal arctic environments are usually minute and simple. A similar survey of the frequency of exclusively scalariform perforation plates illustrates that the major ecological trend of this feature is opposite that of vestured pits. These findings provide previously undescribed insights suggesting that vessels with vestured pits and simple perforation plates function as an efficient hydraulic system in plants growing in warm environments with periodical or continuous drought stress.
    Keywords: xylem structure ; vestured pits ; scalariform perforation plates ; simple perforation plates ; hydraulic system ; drought stress
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 6
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    Intervascular pit membranes with a torus in the wood of Ulmus (Ulmaceae) and related genera (2004)
    In:  New Phytologist vol. 163, pp. 51-59
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: \xe2\x80\xa2 The distribution of intervascular pit membranes with a torus was investigated in juvenile wood samples of 19 species of Ulmus and seven related genera.\n\xe2\x80\xa2 A staining solution of safranin and alcian blue (35 : 65) was recommended to distinguish torus-bearing pit membranes using light microscopy.\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Intervascular pit membranes connecting relatively wide vessel elements resembled those of most angiosperms, as they were of uniform thickness. By contrast, bordered pit pairs with round to oval pit apertures and indistinct pit canals that connected narrow (incomplete) vessel elements or vascular tracheids with distinct helical thickenings were frequently characterized by a torus in ring-porous wood samples of Ulmus and Zelkova. Tori were lacking in diffuse-porous species of Ampelocera, Aphananthe, Gironniera, Holoptelea, Phyllostylon, Trema and Ulmus.\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Our observations suggest that tori are more common in cold temperate climates than in warm (sub)tropical environments. This may indicate that narrow tracheary elements with torus-bearing pit membranes provide an auxiliary conducting system which is of low conductivity, but offers greater resistance to freezing-induced cavitation.
    Keywords: Ulmus (elm) ; Ulmaceae ; pit membrane ; torus ; pit structure ; wood anatomy ; tracheary elements
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 7
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    Isolepis levynsiana, a New Name for Cyperus tenellus (Cyperaceae) (2007)
    In:  Novon vol. 17 no. 1, pp. 59-59
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The recently published name Isolepis tenella (L. f) Muasya & D. A. Simpson is illegitimate, because there exists an earlier homonym. A new name, I. levynsiana Muasya & D. A. Simpson, is proposed for Cyperus tenellus.
    Keywords: Cyperaceae ; Cyperus ; Isolepis
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 8
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    Floral development in three species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) (2006)
    In:  American Journal of Botany vol. 93 no. 1, pp. 1-14
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The floral morphological and developmental patterns in three species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae), namely I. columbaria, I. hawkeri, and I. niamniamensis, were studied to contribute to a better understanding of floral evolution in the genus. Strangely enough, the highly diverse floral morphology and ontogeny of this horticulturally important genus have never been studied thoroughly (e.g., using scanning electron microscopic techniques). We discuss the position and the developmental sequence of the different perianth members. We hypothesized that in the course of evolution, the anterolateral sepals become reduced and that a morphocline can be recognized going from species with five sepals, over species with rudimentary sepals that fuse postgenitally with the anterior petal, to species where congenital fusion between these sepals and the anterior petal has taken place. Ovules generally are in one or two vertical rows per locule, but there are several vertical rows per locule in I. columbaria. The outer parts of the septa disintegrate to enable the explosive dehiscence of the capsules.
    Keywords: Balsaminaceae ; Ericales ; floral development ; floral evolution ; floral morphology ; Impatiens ; scanning electron microscopy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 9
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    Phylogenetic utility of the AP3/DEF K-domain and its molecular evolution in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) (2007)
    In:  Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution vol. 43, pp. 225-239
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: APETALA3 (AP3)/DEFICIENS (DEF) is a MADS-box transcription factor that is involved in establishing the identity of petal and stamen floral organs. The AP3/DEF gene lineage has been extensively examined throughout the angiosperms in order to better understand its role in floral diversity and evolution. As a result, a large number of cloned AP3/DEF orthologues are available, which can be used for the design of taxon specific primers for phylogeny reconstruction of close relatives of the group of interest. Following this reasoning, we investigated the phylogenetic utility of the two AP3/DEF paralogues (ImpDEF1 and ImpDEF2) that were recently identified in the genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). K-domain introns 4 and 5 of both AP3/DEF duplicates were amplified and sequenced for 59 Impatiens species. Phylogenetic analyses of the separated and combined ImpDEF1 and ImpDEF2 data sets result in highly congruent topologies with the previously obtained chloroplast atpB-rbcL data set. Combination of chloroplast and nuclear matrices results in a well-supported evolutionary hypothesis of Impatiens. Our results show that introns 4 and 5 in AP3/DEF-like genes are a valuable source of characters for phylogenetic studies at the infrageneric level.
    Keywords: APETALA3/DEFICIENS ; Gene duplication ; Impatiens ; ImpDEF1 ; ImpDEF2 ; K-domain ; Phylogenetic utility
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
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  • 10
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    Phylogeny of Cyperaceae based on DNA sequence data - a new rbcL analysis (2007)
    In:  Aliso vol. Aliso no. 23, pp. 72-83
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Since the Monocots II meeting in 1998, significant new data have been published that enhance our systematic knowledge of Cyperaceae. Phylogenetic studies in the family have also progressed steadily. For this study, a parsimony analysis was carried out using all rbcL sequences currently available for Cyperaceae, including data for two new genera. One of the four subfamilies (Caricoideae) and seven of the 14 tribes (Bisboeckelereae, Cariceae, Cryptangieae, Dulichieae, Eleocharideae, Sclerieae, Trilepideae) are monophyletic. Subfamily Mapanioideae and tribe Chrysitricheae are monophyletic if, as the evidence suggests, Hellmuthia is considered a member of Cypereae. Some other features of our analysis include: well-supported Trilepideae and Sclerieae\xe2\x80\x93Bisboeckelereae clades; a possible close relationship between Cryptangieae and Schoeneae; polyphyletic tribes Schoeneae and Scirpeae; the occurrence of Cariceae within the Dulichieae\xe2\x80\x93Scirpeae clade, and a strongly supported clade, representing Cyperus and allied genera in Cypereae, sister to a poorly supported Ficinia\xe2\x80\x93Hellmuthia\xe2\x80\x93Isolepis\xe2\x80\x93Scirpoides clade. Such patterns are consistent with other studies based on DNA sequence data. One outcome may be that only two subfamilies, Mapanioideae and Cyperoideae, are recognized. Much further work is needed, with efforts carefully coordinated among researchers. The work should focus on obtaining morphological and molecular data for all genera in the family.
    Keywords: Cyperaceae ; monocotyledons ; phylogeny ; rbcL ; sequence
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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