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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sciatic nerve stimulation on ACTH secretion, in intact and in variously hypothalamic deafferentated male rats (1981)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 42 (1981), S. 486-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hypothalamus ; Deafferentation ; ACTH ; Sciatic stimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum ACTH levels were determined by RIA following sciatic nerve stimulation, in intact rats and in rats bearing anterior (AHD), posterior (PHD) or complete (CHD) hypothalamic deafferentations. In both N and PHD groups, serum ACTH concentrations were markedly elevated following stimulation. In CHD animals this response was completely eliminated, and in the AHD group only a very slight and marginally significant increase in serum ACTH occured, upon stimulation. These results demonstrate that the increased corticosterone secretion which occurs following sciatic nerve stimulation is due to elevated blood levels of ACTH, and confirm that this somatosensory stimulation impinges upon the hypothalamus from the rostral directions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237514
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corticotrophin and corticosterone secretion following Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol, in intact and in hypothalamic deafferentated male rats (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 46 (1982), S. 85-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Δ1-Tetrahydrocannabinol ; ACTH ; Corticosterone ; Hypothalamus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adult male rats, either intact (N) or bearing complete hypothalamic deafferentations (CHD), were injected with Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC: 5 mg/kg BW, IP). Forty-five minutes later, they were decapitated and trunk blood was collected for serum ACTH and corticosterone (CS) determinations. In the N animals, serum levels of both ACTH and CS were markedly elevated in the drug-treated, as compared to the vehicle-treated group (approximately 8-fold and 10-fold, respectively). In CHD rats, on the contrary, THC administration did not significantly alter serum concentrations of either ACTH or CS. These results demonstrate (1) that acute treatment with THC stimulates the secretion of ACTH as well as of CS; and (2) that extrahypothalamic sites and/or neural pathways mediate this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238101
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo release of neurotransmitters in the medial basal hypothalamus of the monkey (1984)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 54 (1984), S. 575-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Push-pull cannula ; Hypothalamus ; Neurotransmitters ; LH ; Prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In vivo release rates of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (GLU) and beta-endorphin (βE) in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) of unanaesthetized female macaca fascicularis monkey, and the effects thereon of estrogen (E2) treatment, have been estimated using pushpull perfusion methodology. DA, NE, E, GABA, GLU and βE were all detectable in 30 min perfusate fractions. No direct correlation between their release rates and those of LH and PRL could be observed. E2 induced an initial decrease, then an increase, in LH and PRL secretion, and concomitant changes in the release patterns of DA, NE, E. GABA and GLU were apparent. This study demonstrates that in vivo push-pull perfusion methodology may be applied to the unanaesthetized monkey, and when combined with venous catheterization for serial blood sampling may prove to be a powerful tool in the investigation of the central molecular events governing neuroendocrine functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235484
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of Δ1tetrahydrocannabinol on luteinizing hormone release in castrated and hypothalamic deafferented male rats (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 59 (1985), S. 213-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Tetrahydrocannabinol ; Hypothalamic deafferentation ; Luteinizing hormone ; Prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Δ1Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) acutely suppresses tonic serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin levels in adult male rats. The exact site of its action has not been identified. We have performed complete hypothalamic deafferentation (CHD), which disrupts the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) from the rest of the CNS, but did not abolish the abilitiy of THC to suppress hypothalamic-pituitary responses in gonadectomized male rats. This was shown by the equal reduction in serum levels of LH and prolactin in non-deafferented (ND) and CHD animals. These results indicate that THC is able to act inside the MBH and that the MBH-pituitary axis remains responsive to its inhibitory effect despite interruption of the neural connections between the MBH and extrahypothalamic areas. However, the corticotropin releasing factor neurons in the MBH appear functionally impaired as a result of the transection and become unresponsive to the normally produced THC stimulation. Different patterns of action seem to govern the various hypophyseal hormones controlled by the hypothalamus, suggesting that the release of LH releasing hormone and prolactin inhibiting factor might be maintained by the activity of neurons surviving inside the island.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230899
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on in vitro hippocampal corticosterone binding capacity in the male rat (1983)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 52 (1983), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hippocampus ; Corticosterone ; Nuclear binding ; 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Noradrenaline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adult male rats were injected with 6-hydroxydopamine, either into the lateral brain ventricle or directly into the dorsal hippocampus. They were adrenalectomized 5–7 days later, and following an additional 24 hours, the specific in vitro 3H- corticosterone binding capacity of dorsal hippocampal slices was determined by estimation of uptake of radioactivity by the nuclear fraction. Specific corticosterone binding was reduced by 40–50% in both experimental groups, as compared to vehicle-treated controls. These results suggest that the maintenance of normal dorsal hippocampal Corticosterone binding capacity is dependent upon the integrity of endogenous brain catecholaminergic neural systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237156
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ACTH and corticosterone secretion following insulin in intact and in variously hypothalamic deafferentated male rats (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 48 (1982), S. 306-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: ACTH ; CS ; Hypoglycemia ; Hypothalamic deafferentations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Adult male rats, intact (N) or with posterior (PHD), anterior (AHD) or complete (CHD) hypothalamic deafferentations, were injected with either 0.04 or 0.2 u/100 g b.wt. of insulin. Forty-five minutes later they were decapitated and trunk blood was collected for serum glucose, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CS) determinations. The high insulin dose reduced serum glucose by approximately 50% and elicited a marked increase in serum ACTH and CS levels in all groups of animals as compared to the vehicle-treated group. In contrast, the low insulin dose which reduced serum glucose approximately 30% elicited a significant adrenocortical response only in the intact or PHD groups but failed to stimulate this response in animals with CHD or AHD. These results demonstrate that (1) CNS sites, outside the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH), mediate the adrenocortical response during the initial stages of hypoglycemia by a neural pathway impinging upon the CRF neurons from the rostral direction, and (2) the adrenocortical response during the more enhanced hypoglycemia stages is mediated by a systemic mechanism which acts directly on the MBH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237228
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholecystokinin in Discrete Rat Brain Regions as a Function of Sex and Estrous Cycle (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 448 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb29977.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroendocrine function in long-term pinealectomized male rats, following visual and audiogenic stress (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 46 (1979), S. 113-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intact, sham-pinealectomized and pinealectomized adult male rats were maintained for 10 weeks on a light∶dark (L∶D) cycle of 12∶12, with lights on at 6 a.m. Subsequently they were acutely exposed to (1) visual or (2) audiogenic stress for periods of 2 or 30 min, immediately following which they were decapitated and serum ACTH, corticosterone, FSH, LH, PRL and TSH concentrations were determined. Serum ACTH and corticosterone levels were similar in control and operated groups following both types of stresses. Serum FSH and LH concentrations were elevated in pinealectomized animals as compared to controls, following 30 min of exposure to visual stimulation; no difference in these parameters was observed between the groups following audiogenic stress. Serum PRL levels tended to be lower in pinealectomized animals following both stresses. Serum TSH concentrations following visual stimulation were similar in all groups, but audiogenic stimulation resulted in elevated TSH levels as compared to controls. These data demonstrate that the pineal gland plays an integral role in the responses of the parvicellular neuroendocrine axes to acute neurogenic stress. Possible molecular bases for this involvement are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01250333
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of acclimation to alternating environmental temperature on metabolic and endocrine responses in guinea pigs, during acute heat and cold exposure (1977)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 21 (1977), S. 64-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Male Guinea pigs (n=80) were divided into four groups and maintained in a climatic chamber for three weeks in one of the following environmental conditions: (1) Ta20°C and 55% RH; (2) Ta35°C and 30–35% RH from 08:00 to 20:00 h and 5°C; 60–65% RH, from 20:00 h to 08:00 h; (3) Ta5°C and 60–65% RH; (4) Ta35°C and 30–35% RH. At the end of this period the animals were exposed to either −5°C, 60–65% RH or 45°C, 30–35% RH, for a period of 20 min, following which Tre, plasma 11-OHCS, thyroxin, glucose, and FFA, and body and organ weights were determined. The cold-warm adapted animals seemed to develop a more efficient adaptability to acute heat and cold exposure. It is suggested that on acute exposure to severe environmental conditions the endocrine and the nervous system play a dominant role in maintaining optimal body temperature, while on chronic exposure the metabolic rate of the various organs becomes relatively more important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01552967
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Body temperature and adrenal function in heat-exposed hypothalamic disconnected rats (1976)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 363 (1976), S. 245-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Temperature regulation ; Hypothalamic disconnection ; 11-OHCS ; Heat exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of hypothalamic disconnection on body temperature and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity following acute and repeated exposures to heat were studied. Intact male rats, or animals with complete posterior or anterior hypothalamic disconnection, were exposed to a temperature of 36°C and a relative humidity of 35–45%. In the complete posterior and anterior hypothalamic disconnected rats the basalT re was higher than that of the intact rats; the rise inT re following heat exposure was lower in the operated rats than in the intact animals. All the experimental animals, except for those with anterior hypothalamic disconnection, showed a significant inhibition of corticosterone release on exposure to heat for 30 min, but no inhibition was observed in any of the disconnected rats when they were exposed to heat for 120 min. These results suggest that the main stimulus for ACTH release, during the first 30 min of heat exposure, is mediated by a neural input through the posterior hypothalamus and this is followed by a neural and/or humoral mechanism which enables the animals to increase their corticosterone secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00594609
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