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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 960-968 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have derived the global band gaps for general two-dimensional (2D) photonic band gap (PBG) structures formed by square or triangular arrays of metal posts. Such PBG structures have many promising applications in active and passive devices at microwave, millimeter wave, and higher frequencies. A coordinate-space, finite-difference code, called the photonic band gap structure simulator (PBGSS), was developed to calculate complete dispersion curves for lattices for a series of values of the ratio of the post radius (r) to the post spacing (a). The fundamental and higher frequency global photonic band gaps were determined numerically. These universal curves should prove useful in PBG cavity design. In addition, for very long wavelengths, where the numerical methods of the PBGSS code are difficult, dispersion curves were derived for the transverse-magnetic (TM) mode by an approximate, quasi-static approach. Results of this approach agree well with the PBGSS code for r/a〈0.1. The present results are compared with experimental data for transverse-electric (TE) and TM mode PBG resonators built at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the agreement is found to be very good. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 28 (1979), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am 29. und 30. März 1977 wurden von einem Sabreliner-Flugzeug aus in einer Frontalzone südlich von Denver in Colorado Ozon und Kondensationskerne gemessen. Das Ozon diente als Tracer für stratosphärische Luft und die Kondensationskerne dienten als Tracer für troposphärische Luft. Sowohl der Langer-Kondensationskernzähler wie auch der Rich-100 Zähler können für Messungen der Kondensationskernkonzentration in der Nähe der Tropopause verwendet werden. Der erstere ist jedoch für niedrige Konzentrationen empfindlicher. Die gemessenen Kerne hatten meist einen größeren Radius als 0,005 μm und bestanden aus tausenden von Molekülen. Die Mesostruktur der Ozon- und Kondensationskernkonzentrationen stimmte gut mit der doppelten Struktur der Frontalzone überein, die aus einer Detailanalyse der Radiosondendaten ersichtlich wurde.
    Notes: Summary Ozone and condensation nuclei were measured on 29 March 1977 (and 30 March GMT) from a Sabreliner in a frontal zone south of Denver, Colorado. The ozone served as a tracer for stratospheric air and the condensation nuclei as a tracer for tropospheric air. Both the Langer condensation nucleus counter and the Rich-100 counter can be used to measure condensation nucleus concentrations in the vicinity of the tropopause. However, the former counter is more sensitive to low concentrations. The nuclei measured were found to be almost entirely larger than 0.005 μm in radius, consisting of thousands of molecules. The mesostructure of the ozone and condensation nucleus concentrations agreed well with a double structure of the frontal zone that became apparent from a detailed analysis of radiosonde data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 74 (2000), S. 83-101 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary A severe localized windstorm, with near-surface winds 〉 60 ms−1, occurred in an isolated valley within the Alpine mountains (〉 1800 m) of central Norway on 31 January 1995. A multi-scale numerical simulation of the event was performed with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)’s Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS), configured with four nested grids telescoping down to 1-km horizontal resolution. The windstorm occurred in response to topographic blocking and deformation of a lower-tropospheric warm front and attendant jet (〉 35 ms−1 at 2 km). The key findings are: i) mountain wave resonance and amplification arising from the interaction of the surface-based front and jet with complex orography, ii) sensitivity of the wave response to differential diabatic heating (vertical) gradients above the front, and iii) trapped response within the layer of large frontal stratification in the lower troposphere and subsequent amplification consistent with the theoretically-established two-layer windstorm analogue of Durran (1986).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Radiophysics and quantum electronics 24 (1981), S. 528-533 
    ISSN: 1573-9120
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 20 (1999), S. 533-542 
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A novel distributed window for output radiation from a high power 110 GHz gyrotron is made of thin slats of sapphire interleaved and brazed to hollow metal vanes. We report the results of electromagnetic theory and cold test of this distributed window. We calculate the frequency dependence of the reflectivity of a Gaussian beam from the window. The theory indicates a significant frequency shift of the minimum reflectivity with temperature rise of the sapphire slab. This effect is of great importance for high power operation. In cold test, the distributed window reflectivity was measured while the window was heated. The cold test results are in good agreement with the theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 28 (1980), S. 193-206 
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Detaillierte Analysen von Radiosonden- und Flugzeugdaten wurden benützt, um das Eindringen von Stratosphärenluft in die Troposphäre und das Einströmen von troposphärischen Luftmassen in die Stratosphäre zu identifizieren. Der letztere dieser beiden Austauschvorgänge war mit einer signifikanten Differenzierung zwischen potentieller Vorticity-Tropopause und Stabilitätstropopause assoziiert. Er trat in der Konfluenzregion zwischen zwei Strahlstromästen verschiedenen Ursprungs auf und war mit starker, antizyklonaler Scherung verbunden, die im Zusammenhang mit einem Windmaximum oberhalb der Stabilitätstropopause stand.
    Notes: Summary Detailed analyses of radiosonde and aircraft data were used to identify regions of stratospheric air incursions into the troposphere and of tropospheric air inflow into the stratosphere. The latter flow phenomenon was associated with a distinct separation between potential vorticity tropopause and stability tropopause. It occurred in the region of confluence between jet branches of different origin and was connected with strong anticyclonic shears which are associated with the presence of a wind maximum above the stability tropopause.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Radiophysics and quantum electronics 31 (1988), S. 1070-1075 
    ISSN: 1573-9120
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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