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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 1112-1113 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 16 (1981), S. 63-68 
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Bewertung von Befunden über Lebensereignisse im Vorfeld der Manifestation von Psychosen bedarf als Orientierungsma\ der Feststellung der schicht-, geschlechts-, altersspezifischen HÄufigkeit von Lebensereignissen, erhoben mit der-selben Methodik, in der Normalbevölkerung. Dies wurde in der vorliegenden Untersuchung mittels der Brown'schen Liste an einer (nicht zufÄllig ausgewÄhlten) Stichprobe von 100 Personen der Allgemeinbevölkerung unternommen. Die Studie zeigt deutliche AbhÄngigkeiten der Angaben über Lebensereignisse von der Sozialschicht und dem Alter, nicht aber von dem Geschlecht der Probanden. 1. Probanden aus höheren Sozialschichten geben signifikant mehr Ereignisse im Halbjahr vor der Befragung an als Personen aus mittleren und unteren Sozialschichten, die sich untereinander nicht signifikant unterscheiden. 2. Es besteht kein signifikanter Geschlechtsunterschied betreffend die HÄufigkeit und Art von Lebensereignissen. 3. Personen unter 30 Jahren berichten signifikant mehr Ereignisse im Befragungszeitraum als Personen über 45 Jahre. In der Lebensphase zwischen dem 18. und 30. Jahr sind es meist persönliche, berufliche und private VerÄnderungen. In der mittleren Altersgruppe von 30–45 überwiegen familiÄre und berufliche Probleme, bei den Menschen zwischen 46 und 65 Jahren die familiÄren Vorkommnisse. Die Anzahl der Lebensereignisse, besonders der positiv bewerteten, nimmt mit zunehmendem Alter ab. 4. Die Anzahl der rapportierten Lebensereignisse nimmt von der dritten bis zur 21. Woche ziemlich regelmÄ\ig um jeweils 10% ab („Vergessenskurve“).
    Notes: Summary The significance of the findings in life event research in regard to social status, sex, and age was studied in a sample of 100 persons drawn from the general population using the life events schedule of Brown. The probands of higher social status report significantly more events in the half-year period before investigation than did probands of lower social status. We did not find a significant sex difference. The events, grouped in nine categories according to Brown, seemed to be typical for the different age groups. The reported frequency of events decreases from the 3rd to the 21st week regularly about 10% per 3-week period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 95 (1997), S. 71-77 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Canine distemper virus ; Oligodendrocytes ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV) causes a multifocal demyelinating disease in dogs. The mechanism of acute demyelination in distemper is still poorly understood. The initial demyelinating lesion in distemper is directly virus induced, since there is a clear correlation between the occurrence of demyelination and CDV replication in the cells of the white matter. Yet, there is little evidence for oligodendroglial infection. Changes of these cells have been reported in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro studies showed that – in contrast to other cells such as astrocytes and macrophages – oligodendrocytes hardly express CDV protein. However, we could show that these cells underwent a restricted infection with transcription of CDV RNA and that this phenomenon correlated with down-regulation of myelin gene transcription. The extension of these in vitro findings in vivo was obscured by the lack of reliable oligodendrocyte labelling techniques in canine brain tissue sections. In this study we combined immunohistochemistry with in situ hybridization to examine oligodendrocytes in demyelinating lesions and to investigate the question of oligodendrocyte infection in vivo. We could demonstrate that CDV infection leads to massive down-regulation of myelin gene expression in demyelinating lesions and that this effect correlates in part with a restricted infection of oligodendrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Partial albinism ; Immunodeficiency ; Haemophagocytosis ; Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation ; Griscelli syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 2-month-old girl presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, hypertriglyceridaemia and silvery-greyish hair, suggesting the diagnosis of Griscelli syndrome (partial albinism with immunodeficiency). This diagnosis was confirmed by the characteristic agglomeration of melanin in the hair shaft and accumulation of melanosomes in melanocytes of the skin. The patient was homozygous for polymorphic markers around the myosin-Va gene on chromosome 15q21, which co-localize to the Griscelli disease locus. Natural-killer cells were in the lower range. The stimulation of lymphocytes with antigen and mitogen was normal. The patient's accelerated phase, characterized by haemophagocytosis was treated with prednisolone, rabbit anti-thymocyte globulins, and intrathecal methotrexate. Remission was maintained with cyclosporin A until HLA-compatible peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from her mother. Conclusion The silvery-greyish hair associated with fever, pancytopenia and hypertriglyceridaemia is the clue to early diagnosis of Griscelli syndrome and important to prevent death before stem cell transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter MRT ; Kinder ; Tumor ; Abdomen ; Differentialdiagnose ; Key words MRI ; Pediatric ; Tumor ; Abdomen ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: To evaluate the potential of MRI in determining benign and premalignant abdominal tumors in childhood. Methods: MR images of 93 children with 69 malignant and 24 benign abdominal tumors were analyzed retrospectively without and with knowledge of clinical findings. Based on the final diagnosis, MR findings were surveyed with regard to the correct differential diagnosis and to the differentiation between benign and malignant masses. Results: Analysis of MRI alone revealed relatively low sensitivity of 67% for diagnosis of a benign tumor. The main reason was unspecific morphologic criteria leading to the false-negative diagnosis of a malignant tumor. Together with clinical and laboratory findings, sensitivity could be increased to 92%. The main criterion for differentiation of malignant tumors turned to be out the origin of tumor. Benign tumors could be best differentiated by their internal structure. Conclusion: When considering clinical findings in pediatric abdominal tumors, MRI represents a valuable modality for differential diagnosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zielsetzung: Ziel der Arbeit ist die Bestimmung der Wertigkeit der MRT für die Unterscheidung benigner und prämaligner abdomineller Tumoren im Kindesalter. Methode: Bei 93 Kindern mit 69 malignen und 24 benignen abdominellen Raumforderungen wurden die MRT-Bilder retrospektiv ohne und mit Kenntnis der klinischen Befunde analysiert. Anhand der endgültigen Diagnose wurde die Aussagekraft der MRT in Bezug auf die korrekte Artdiagnose und die Unterscheidung zwischen benignen und malignen Tumoren überprüft. Ergebnisse: Bei der alleinigen MRT-Analyse wurde für die Diagnose „benigner Tumor” eine relativ niedrige Sensitivität von 67% erzielt. Die Hauptursache hierfür waren unspezifische morphologische Unterscheidungskriterien, die zur falsch-negativen Diagnose eines Malignoms führten. Zusammen mit den klinischen Befunden konnte die Sensitivität auf 92% angehoben werden. Als Hauptkriterium für die korrekte Artdiagnose zeigte sich bei den Malignomen die Organzugehörigkeit und bei den benignen Tumoren die Binnenstruktur. Schlußfolgerung: Im Rahmen der integrierten Diagnostik liefert die MRT einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Differentialdiagnostik kindlicher abdomineller Tumoren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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