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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ion bombardment on the long-range chemical order in FePd films (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 5753-5758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fe1−xPdx films of nearly equiatomic composition (0.47≤x≤0.56) have been prepared by ion-beam sputtering at substrate temperatures TS=350 °C. During growth the films were bombarded by Xe+ ions with energies EXe=0–100 eV and an ion-to-atom arrival ratio of R=0.3. Films were characterized by x-ray diffraction and the wavelength dependent magneto-optic Kerr effect. Without bombardment, the films are partly chemically ordered with a long-range order parameter S≈0.7. For energies EXe up to 50 eV the chemical order survives to a high degree and only moderate modifications in the structural data and Kerr spectra are observed, whereas for EXe=100 eV the chemical order is completely destroyed. In contrast, the epitaxial quality seems to be unaffected by the bombardment for EXe≤50 eV. This shows that low-energy ion bombardment during growth only leads to a randomization of the Fe and Pd atoms on the lattice sites without causing significant structural damage. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363629
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ferromagnetism in carbon-doped Mn5Si3 films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6013-6015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of carbon doping on the structural and magnetic properties of Mn5Si3Cx films is investigated for different substrate temperatures TS and concentrations x. Samples with x(approximate)0.75 prepared at TS=650–750 K exhibit ferromagnetic order with enhanced ordering temperatures TC well above room temperature in contrast to the undoped antiferromagnetic Mn5Si3 compound. Structural analysis shows that C is incorporated interstitially in the hexagonal Mn5Si3-type structure with a lattice expansion with respect to the undoped compound. The enhanced ferromagnetic order is presumably not simply due to a change of the interatomic Mn–Mn distances but due to a change of the electronic structure and/or exchange interactions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372597
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ferromagnetism above room temperature in Mn–Si–C alloy films (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 3189-3190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mn–Si–C alloy films are prepared by e-beam coevaporation onto a Si substrate held at 600 °C. Ferromagnetism is observed below Tc=(360±5) K with SQUID magnetometry and magneto-optical Kerr effect. This is the highest Curie temperature Tc yet observed for a Mn-based alloy. Although the composition determined by Auger depth profiling varies appreciably for different films, their Tc is the same indicating that ferromagnetism is caused by an alloy of well-defined composition independent of precipitations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115820
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural Parameters of Multilayers from X-ray Reflectivity: an Easy-to-Handle Approach (1995)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 28 (1995), S. 160-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An analytical approximation was derived for the calculation of the grazing-incidence X-ray reflectivity pattern in a defect-free multilayer. The approximation is valid in the low-reflectivity θ ranges. For k = (4πsin θ)/λ 〉 0.28 Å−1 (θ 〉 2° with Cu Kα radiation), the formula deviates by at most 1% from the rigorous matricial approach in the case of most metallic multilayers. The main advantage of the approximation is that it allows the identification of features in the reflectance pattern, from which desired structural parameters (average layer thicknesses, external and internal roughness) can be estimated easily. This approach yields average structural parameters, best approximating those of a real multilayer but ignoring possible defects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889894010071
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting and magnetic properties of Nb/Pd Fe /Nb triple layers (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 14 (2000), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 74.50.+r Proximity effects, weak links, tunneling phenomena, and Josephson effects - 74.80.Dm Superconducting layer structures: superlattices, heterojunctions, and multilayers - 75.70.Ak Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The superconducting and magnetic properties of Nb/Pd1-xFex/Nb triple layers with constant Nb layer thickness Å and different interlayer thicknesses 3 Å Å are investigated. The thickness dependence of the magnetization and of the superconducting transition temperature shows that for small iron concentration x the Pd1-xFex layer is likely to be in the paramagnetic state for very thin films whereas ferromagnetic order is established for . The parallel critical field exhibits a transition from two-dimensional (2D) behavior where the Nb films are coupled across the interlayer, towards a 2D behavior of decoupled Nb films with increasing and/or x. This transition allows a determination of the penetration depth of Cooper pairs into the Pd1-xFex layer as a function of x. For samples with a ferromagnetic interlayer is found to be independent of x.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050100
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature properties of amorphous (Mo1−x Ru x )0.8P0.2 alloys (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 70 (1988), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Amorphous (Mo1−x Ru x )0.8P0.2 alloys (0.3≤x≤0.7) have been investigated with measurements of the specific heatC and thermal conductivity κ. Also the superconducting properties (critical temperatureT c and upper critical field) have been determined. Well belowT c , all alloys show the familiar behavior known for glasses, i.e.C∼T n and κ∼T m withn≈1 andm≈2 which is attributed to tunneling states (TLS). The largeT c allows an unambiguous determination of the coefficients ofC and κ. Compairing our data with literature data, we find no correlation between the TLS density of states and the glass temperature or crystallization temperature, as opposed to insulating glasses where such a correlation appears to exist. The unusual annealing behavior found previously in amorphous Zr−Ni and Zr−Cu, which was attributed to a change in the TLS relaxation-time spectrum, is confirmed in the present work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01317243
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy-fermion behavior and spin-glass freezing in Si-stabilized amorphous alloys based on UPt3 (1992)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 89 (1992), S. 161-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract U-Pt-Si and U-(Pt, Pd)-Si alloys have been prepared in the amorphous state by splat-cooling. The average nearest-neighbor distance is the same as the U-Pt distance in UPt3. The low-temperature behavior of these alloys (with composition (U0.25Pt0.75)1−xSix, x=0.18, 0.20, 0.25; and (U0.25(Pt1−yPdy)0.75 0.8Si0.2,y=0.05 and 0.1) has been studied by specific heatC, magnetization and resistivity measurements in the temperature range 1.5 K to 20 K and for magnetic fields up to 6 T. Some samples were investigated down to 0.1 K and the specific heat for one sample was measured in fields up to 22 T. With γ0 =C/T| T→0 between 0.25 and 0.35 J/moleUK2, the alloys can be classified as heavy-fermion materials. As opposed to UPt3, the alloys exhibit spin-glass behavior with a concomitant decrease of γ0. The magnetization exhibits typical spin-glass features (e.g., an irreversibility line). An inverse relationship between γ0 andT max (temperature ofC/T maximum which is proportional to the spin-glass freezing temperature), irrespective of the Pd content, is observed. The behavior can be qualitatively described by a coexistence of heavy-fermion behavior and spin-glass freezing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320932
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the (111) surface of P-doped Si by scanning tunneling microscopy (1999)
    Springer
    Applied physics 68 (1999), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.16Ch; 68.35Dv; 71.55Cn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050872
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oxygen segregation on the surface structure of single-crystalline niobium films on sapphire (1992)
    Springer
    Applied physics 54 (1992), S. 350-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.14.H ; 68.20 ; 68.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Single-crystalline Nb films are grown on (1120) oriented sapphire substrates by electron-beam evaporation in ultra-high vacuum. The films are studied in-situ by RHEED and Auger analysis. At a substrate temperature T S=750° C the RHEED pattern shows a smooth growth of bcc-Nb in the [110] direction. In addition to the fundamental streaks, we observe superlattice streaks of fractional order in several azimuthal directions. The reciprocal lattice of the surface is determined. The basic vectors of the superlattice in real space are given by b 1=2a 1, b 2=−a 1+3a 2 where a 1 and a 2 are the basic vectors of the Nb (110) surface. Auger analysis shows that the surface of these films is contaminated with oxygen. Therefore, the superstructure is attributed to a modified surface structure due to segregated oxygen, possibly having diffused from the sapphire to the film surface. The superstructure dissappears during further evaporation of Nb at T S〈450° C with a concomitant decrease of the oxygen signal. Nb films on sapphire with a clean, oxygen-free surface can only be prepared at lower temperatures in an island-growth mode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324200
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of thin epitaxial Gd films on Nb (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 90 (1993), S. 289-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the magnetic properties of Gd films by magnetization measurements with the transverse magnetooptic Kerr effect in the temperature range from 2 to 295 K and for magnetic field up to 0.3 T. The thicknessd Gd of the Gd films was varied between 11 and 1000 Å. For thick films (d Gd≧500 Å) the form of the hysteresis curves and especially the nonmonotonic temperature dependence of remanence and coercivity can be qualitatively reproduced with a simple model employing theT dependence of the easy-axis direction. TheT dependence of the saturation magnetizationM s of the thick films (d Gd〉=150 Å) strongly resembles the behavior of bulk crystals, whereas for the thinnest filmsM s approximately depends linearly onT up to the Curie temperatureT C . The thickness dependence ofT C follows approximately a power law with an exponent λ≈1.6 close to the theoretical value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01433050
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