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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kaposi's sarcoma in an HIV-negative CLL patient as the cause of thrombocytopenia (1994)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 68 (1994), S. 307-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Kaposi's sarcoma ; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ; Immunosuppression ; Thrombocytopenia Fludarabine monophosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A patient is described with a rapidly progressive Kaposi's sarcoma following immunosuppressive therapy with fludarabine monophosphate (FAMP) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The development of this tumor was accompanied by progressive thrombocytopenia, due to trapping of the platelets in the Kaposi sarcoma, without signs of consumptive coagulopathy or microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. This sequestration process might be caused by the abnormal structure of the tumoral vessels, leading to exposure of subendothelial structures like collagen, von Willebrand's factor, and tenascin to the vessel lumen. A severe immunosuppression due to the lymphocytotoxic effect of FAMP on several T-cell subpopulations was seen. This case confirms the importance of immunosuppression as a cofactor in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma also in HIV-negative patients, and adds Kaposi's sarcoma to the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia in immunosuppressed patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01695038
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostic imaging in abdominal neuroblastoma: Is there a complementary role of MIBG-scintigraphy and ultrasonography? (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1997), S. 610-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a retrospective study we evaluated the agreement between the results of meta-iodo benzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy and abdominal ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis and follow up of neuroblastoma (NBL) with respect to the abdominal region. Data of 28 consecutive paediatric patients with NBL or suspected NBL were included (16 M/12 F, mean age 2.9 years, range 3 weeks – 13.4 years). The results (as judged by the nuclear physician or radiologist, respectively) of 60 MIBG examinations (123I and 131I, including 26 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)) and US, respectively, performed within a period of 14 days, could be evaluated. Full agreement was reached in 37 comparisons (62%), while partial and no agreement was found in 17 (28%), and 6 (10%) comparisons, respectively. In 8 out of 37 comparisons with full agreement, 12 diagnosed lesions were histopathologically proven, while 11 comparisons with negative findings were also negative in other clinical modalities. US diagnosed correctly in 68% of the histopathological proven lesions, while this was 54% for MIBG scintigraphy. In approximately 50% of the MIBG scans in which SPECT was available, SPECT provided significant additional information. Conclusion Congruent results of MIBG scintigraphy and ultrasonography in the detection of abdominal lesions in patients with suspected neuroblastoma indicate a high reliability in the diagnosis and localisation. Due to the favourable results of additional SPECT, it is advisable to perform SPECT routinely in this diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050675
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drug-naive patients with Parkinson’s disease in Hoehn and Yahr stages I and II show a bilateral decrease in striatal dopamine transporters as revealed by [123I]β-CIT SPECT (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 245 (1997), S. 14-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Parkinson’s disease ; SPECT ; Dopamine transporter ; Cocaine analogues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten healthy subjects and 16 patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD) were examined with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and [123I]β-CIT, a ligand for the dopamine (DA) transporter. Only drug-naive patients were examined since the expression of and binding to DA transporters may be influenced by dopaminergic medication. The main finding was a significant reduction in [123I]β-CIT binding in the ipsi- and contralateral striatal regions, especially in the putamen, which showed a mean reduction of 65% of the control mean. Discriminant function analysis of the putaminal [123I]β-CIT binding measures classified 100% of the cases in the correct group. Disease severity correlated negatively and highly significantly with the binding measures. Tremor ratings did not correlate with the SPECT measures, whereas rigidity, and to a lesser extent bradykinesia, did. Patients with unilateral PD showed a bilateral loss of striatal DA transporters. Our findings indicate that with [123I]β-CIT SPECT it is possible to diagnose PD in subjects with very mild symptoms and signs. Moreover, finding a bilateral loss of striatal DA transporters in patients with unilateral PD also suggests that it may be possible to identify subjects in the preclinical phase of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050168
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dosimetry of iodine-123 iomazenil in humans (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 20 (1993), S. 580-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Dosimetry ; Iodine-123 ; Receptors ; Benzodiazepine ; Flumazenil ; Iomazenil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of the central benzodiazepine receptor specific ligand iodine-123 iomazenil was investigated in seven human adults from whole-body scans, blood samples and urine collected up to 24 h after injection. Using 12 source organs, the MIRD method was applied to calculate the absorbed radiation dose of the radioligand in various organs. The urinary bladder wall (0.15 mGy/MBq), lower large intestinal wall (0.071 mGy/MBq) testes (0.044 mGy/MBq) and upper large intestined wall (0.038 mGy/MBq) received the highest absorbed doses. The average effective dose equivalent of 123I-IBZM for adults was estimated to be 0.033 mSv/MBq.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176551
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of endogenous dopamine release by methylphenidate challenge using iodine-123 iodobenzamide single-photon emission tomography (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 674-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Single-photon emission tomography ; D2 receptors ; Iodine-123 iodobenzamide ; Methylphenidate ; Constant infusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessed pharmacologically induced endogenous dopamine (DA) release in healthy male volunteers (n=12). Changes in endogenous DA release after injection of the psychostimulant drug methylphenidate were evaluated by single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and constant infusion of iodine-123 iodobenzamide ([123I]IBZM), a D2 receptor radioligand that is sensitive to endogenous DA release. Methylphenidate induced displacement of striatal [123I]IBZM binding, resulting in a significantly decrease in the specific to non-specific [123I]IBZM uptake ratio (average: 8.6%) in comparison with placebo (average: −1.9%). Moreover, injection of methylphenidate induced significant behavioural responses on the following items: excitement, anxiety, tension, and mannerisms and posturing. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of using constant infusion of [123I]IBZM and SPET imaging to measure endogenous DA release after methylphenidate challenge and to investigate neurochemical aspects of behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00841408
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging of dopamine D2 and somatostatin receptors in vivo using single-photon emission tomography in a patient with a TSH/PRL-producing pituitary macroadenoma (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 20 (1993), S. 555-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Pituitary adenoma ; Single-photon emission tomography ; Dopamine receptors ; Somatostatin receptors ; Prolactin ; Thyroid stimulating hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 28-year-old man with a thyroid stimulating hormone/prolactin (TSH/PRL)-secreting pituitary macroadenoma is discussed in relation to dopamine D2 and somatostatin receptor single-photon emission tomography (SPET). The patient presented with decreased vision in the left eye as a result of a temporal visual field defect and with mild hyperthyroidism. Medical therapy was tried. A test dose of both octreotide and bromocriptine resulted in an acute reduction in serum levels of TSH, α-subunits and PRL, whereas there was no response to TRIAC. Somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptors were present on the tumour as visualised by SPET with the ligands indium-111 diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA)-octreotide (111In-SMS) and iodine-123 iodobenzamide (123I-IBZM), respectively. Therefore, treatment with octreotide 150 μg t.i.d. subcutaneously and bromocriptine 10 mg b.i.d. orally was given for 〉 12 and 〉 6 weeks, respectively. Following this treatment the visual defects disappeared, although tumour size, as measured by CT scanning, and serum TSH levels did not decrease. SPET with 111In-SMS and 123I-IBZM after therapy revealed no change or a possible increase in somatostatin receptor binding potential and a possible decrease in dopamine D2 receptor binding potential. The lack of long-term effects of the medical treatment is discussed. It is concluded that a high somatostatin and dopamine D2 receptor binding potential in vivo in a TSH/PRL-producing adenoma does not necessarily predict a successful outcome of medical treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175168
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical benefit of [123I]FP-CIT SPET in the demonstration of the dopaminergic deficit in Parkinson's disease (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 68-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Single-photon emission tomography ; Dopamine transporter imaging ; Cocaine analogues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Loss of striatal dopamine (DA) transporters in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been accurately assessed in vivo by single-photon emission tomography (SPET) studies using [123I]β-CIT. However, these studies have also shown that adequate imaging of the striatal DA transporter content can be performed only 20–30 h following the injection of [123I]β-CIT, which is not convenient for routine out-patient evaluations. Recently, a new ligand,N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane (FP-CIT), became available for in vivo imaging of the DA transporter. The faster kinetics of [123I]FP-CIT have been shown to allow adequate acquisition as early as 3 h following injection. In the present study, loss of striatal DA transporters in five non-medicated PD patients was assessed on two consecutive SPET scans, one with [123I]β-CIT (24 h following injection) and one with [123I]FP-CIT (3 h following injection). The ratios of specific to non-specific [123I]FP-CIT uptake in the caudate nucleus and putamen were consistently 2.5-fold lower than those of [123I]β-CIT. However, when the uptake ratio of both ligands in these brain regions of patients was expressed as a percentage of the uptake ratio found in healthy controls, both the decrease and the variation of the data were similar. It is concluded on the basis of these findings that [123I]FP-CIT seems as good as [123I]β-CIT for the assessment of the dopaminergic deficit in PD. The faster kinetics of [123I]FP-CIT are a clear advantage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01728311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [123I]β-CIT single-photon emission tomography in Parkinson’s disease reveals a smaller decline in dopamine transporters with age than in controls (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 1171-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Parkinson’s disease ; Single-photon emission tomography ; Dopamine transporter imaging ; Aging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In vivo studies using single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and positron emission tomography have shown an age-related decline in the number of striatal dopamine transporters in healthy subjects. We examined ten healthy subjects and 33 de novo patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) using [123I]2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane ([123I]β-CIT) SPET. A clear age-related loss of dopamine transporters was found in the healthy subjects. In the PD group, controlling for the contribution of disease severity, we found a small (compared with controls) but significant decrease with aging, though only in the ipsilateral regions. This aging effect was especially pronounced in younger patients. We conclude that the use of age-correct SPET data in PD, based on studies with healthy subjects, may lead to an under- or an overestimation of the striatal binding measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01254252
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [123I]β-CIT single-photon emission tomography in Parkinson's disease reveals a smaller decline in dopamine transporters with age than in controls (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 24 (1997), S. 1171-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Single-photon emission tomography ; Dopamine transporter imaging ; Aging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In vivo studies using single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and positron emission tomography have shown an age-related decline in the number of striatal dopamine transporters in healthy subjects. We examined ten healthy subjects and 33 de novo patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using [123I]2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane ([123I]β-CIT) SPET. A clear age-related loss of dopamine transporters was found in the healthy subjects. In the PD group, controlling for the contribution of disease severity, we found a small (compared with controls) but significant decrease with aging, though only in the ipsilateral regions. This aging effect was especially pronounced in younger patients. We conclude that the use of age-correct SPET data in PD, based on studies with healthy subjects, may lead to an underor an overestimation of the striatal binding measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01254252
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of temporal regional cerebral perfusion with single-photon emission tomography predicts rate of decline in language function and survival in early Alzheimer’s disease (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 26 (1999), S. 265-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Regional cerebral blood flow ; Cognitive decline ; Survival ; Alzheimer’s disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We determined the relationship between regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured with single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and decline in cognitive function and survival in Alzheimer’s disease. In a prospective follow-up study, 69 consecutively referred patients with early probable Alzheimer’s disease (NINCDS/ADRDA criteria) underwent SPET performed at the time of initial diagnosis using technetium-99m-labelled hexamethylpropylene amine oxime. Neuropsychological function was assessed at baseline and after 6 months and survival data were available on all patients, extending to 5.5 years of follow-up. Lower left temporal (P〈0.01) and lower left parietal (P〈0.01) rCBF were statistically significantly related to decline in language function after 6 months. The association between left temporal rCBF and survival was also statistically significant (P〈0.05) using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Performing analysis with quartiles of the distribution, we found a threshold effect for low left temporal rCBF (rCBF〈73.7%, P〈0.01) and high risk of mortality. In this lowest quartile, median survival time was 2.7 years (follow-up to 5.2 years), compared with 4.4 years in the other quartiles (follow-up to 5.5 years). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed statistically significant (P〈0.05, log rank test) survival curves for the lowest versus other quartiles of left temporal rCBF. All results were unaffected by adjustment for age, sex, dementia severity, duration of symptoms, education and ratings of local cortical atrophy. We conclude that left temporal rCBF predicts decline in language function and survival in patients with early probable Alzheimer’s disease, with a threshold effect of low rCBF and high risk of mortality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002590050387
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