Note: Front Cover -- Inverse Problems and Inverse Scattering of Plane Waves -- Contents -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Direct and Inverse Problems -- 1.2 The Basic Concepts -- Chapter 2. Some Examples of Ill-posed Problems -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Examples -- Chapter 3. Theory of Ill-posed Problems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Tikhonov's Theorem -- 3.3 Regularization on a Compactum: The Quasisolution -- 3.4 Generalized Solutions -- 3.5 Singular Value Expansion -- 3.6 Tikhonov's Theory of Regularization -- 3.7 Convergence, Stability and Optimality -- 3.8 The Determination of α -- 3.9 An Application -- 3.10 The Method of Mollification -- Chapter 4. Regularization by Projections -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Basic Projection Methods -- 4.3 The Method of Projections: General Framework -- 4.4 The Method of Least-Square -- 4.5 The Method of Collocation -- 4.6 The Standard Galerkin Method -- Chapter 5. Discrete Ill-posed Problems -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Discrete Decompositions -- 5.3 The Discrete Tikhonov Regularization -- 5.4 An Example -- 5.5 Discrete Solution of a Tikhonov Functional -- 5.6 Appendix A.5.1 -- 5.7 Appendix A.5.2 -- 5.8 Appendix A.5.3 -- Chapter 6. The Helmholtz Scattering -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Gauss' or Divergence Theorem -- 6.3 Green's Identities -- 6.4 The Helmholtz Equation -- 6.5 The Helmholtz Representation in the Interior -- 6.6 The Radiation Condition -- 6.7 The Helmholtz Representation in the Exterior -- 6.8 Some Properties of the Scattering Solutions -- 6.9 The Helmholtz Scattering from Inhomogeneities -- Chapter 7. The Solutions -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Layer Potentials -- 7.3 Replacing G0(x, y -- k) by g0(x, y). -- 7.4 The Double-layer Potential -- 7.5 The Single-layer Potential -- 7.6 The Helmholtz Scattering Problems -- 7.7 Unconditionally Unique Solution -- 7.8 The Transmission Problem -- 7.9 Jones' Method. , 7.10 Appendix A.7.1 -- 7.11 Appendix A.7.2 -- 7.12 Appendix A.7.3 -- 7.13 Appendix A.7.4 -- 7.14 Appendix A.7.5 -- 7.15 Appendix A.7.6 -- Chapter 8. Uniqueness Theorems in Inverse Problems -- 8.1 Some Definitions -- 8.2 Properties of the Total Fields -- 8.3 The Dirichlet and Neumann Spectrum -- 8.4 The Uniqueness of the Inverse Dirichlet Obstacle Problem -- 8.5 The Uniqueness of Inverse Neumann Obstacle -- 8.6 Uniqueness in Inverse Transmission Obstacle -- 8.7 Uniqueness of Inverse Inhomogeneity Scattering -- 8.8 Appendix A.8.1 -- 8.9 Appendix A.8.2 -- Chapter 9. Some Algorithms -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Method of Potentials -- 9.3 The Method of Superposition of Incident Fields -- 9.4 The Method of Wavefunction Expansion -- 9.5 The Method of Boundary Variation -- 9.6 Some Nonoptimizational Methods -- 9.7 Appendix A.9.1 -- 9.8 Appendix A.9.2 -- 9.9 Appendix A.9.3 -- Chapter 10. Bibliography.

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Note: Intro -- Preface -- List of Previous ISH Symposia -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Peripheral Processing -- Chapter 1: Mosaic Evolution of the Mammalian Auditory Periphery -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Middle Ears: The Why and Wherefore -- 3 Mammalian Inner Ears: Commonalities and Diversity -- 4 A Therian Innovation and Its Consequences -- References -- Chapter 2: A Computer Model of the Auditory Periphery and Its Application to the Study of Hearing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Model Description -- 3 Model Applications -- 4 Psychophysics -- 5 Hearing Dummies -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- Chapter 3: A Probabilistic Model of Absolute Auditory Thresholds and Its Possible Physiological Basis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods and Results -- 2.1 The LIEFTS Model Accounts for the Dependence of Detection Thresholds on Stimulus Duration and Temporal Envelope -- 2.2 Deviations of Thresholds for Long-Duration Tones from the LIEFTS Model May Be Due to Lower Attention -- 2.3 The Stochasticity of the Detection Events Can Be Shown by Means of Simple Reaction Times -- 2.4 The Value of the Exponent a  = 3 Is Verified by the Binaural Advantage at Threshold -- 3 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Cochlear Compression: Recent Insights from Behavioural Experiments -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Compression in the Base -- 3 Compression in the Apex -- 4 The Additivity of Forward Masking Technique -- 5 Compression Central to the Basilar Membrane -- 6 Experiment: Compression at Low Levels in Normal and Impaired Ears -- 6.1 Method -- 6.2 Results and Discussion -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Improved Psychophysical Methods to Estimate Peripheral Gain and Compression -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment 1: Comparison of TMC, AFM and FDMC Methods -- 2.1 Stimuli and Conditions -- 2.2 Results -- 3 Experiment 2: Effect of Precursor Level and Temporal Delay. , 3.1 Stimuli and Conditions -- 3.2 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Contralateral Efferent Regulation of Human Cochlear Tuning: Behavioural Observations and Computer Model Simulations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experimental Studies -- 2.1 Methods -- 2.2 Results and Discussion -- 2.2.1 The Effect of the CWN on the Rate of Recovery from Forward Masking -- 2.2.2 The Effects of the CWN on the PTCs -- 3 Computer Model Simulations -- 3.1 Results and Discussion -- 4 Overall Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Modeling Effects of Precursor Duration on Behavioral Estimates of Cochlear Gain -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Procedures -- 4 Results: Experiment I -- 5 Results: Experiment II -- 6 Modeling -- 7 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Is Overshoot Caused by an Efferent Reduction in Cochlear Gain? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment 1 -- 3 Experiment 2 -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 9: Accurate Estimation of Compression in Simultaneous Masking Enables the Simulation of Hearing Impairment for Normal-Hearing Listeners -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Simulation of Hearing Impairment -- 2.1 Compression of NH vs HI and Inverse Compression -- 2.2 Compressive Gammachirp Filter -- 2.3 Implementation of Inverse Compression -- 3 Estimation of Compression Using Asymmetric-Level Masking -- 3.1 Stability of Threshold Measurement -- 3.2 Asymmetric Noise-Band Levels -- 3.3 The ALM Experiment -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Modelling the Distortion Produced by Cochlear Compression -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Effects of Compressive Distortion in CAR-FAC Systems -- 2.1 Auditory Spectra for High-Frequency Complex Tones (LC 8) -- 2.2 Auditory Spectra for Low-Frequency Complex Tones (LC 2) -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Temporal Fine Structure and Pitch. , Chapter 11: How Independent Are the Pitch and Interaural-Time-Difference Mechanisms That Rely on Temporal Fine Structure Information? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment 1: Correlation of Individual Performances Across Tasks -- 2.1 Methods -- 2.2 Results -- 3 Experiment 2: Effects of Training on TFS-Based Pitch Task -- 3.1 Methods -- 3.2 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 12: On the Limit of Neural Phase Locking to Fine Structure in Humans -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Neural Phase Locking to Fine Structure -- 3 Human Behavioral Limits Re ecting Phase Locking to Fine Structure -- 4 Physiological Limits of Phase Locking to Fine Structure -- 5 Behavioral Limits of Phase Locking in Cat -- 6 Comparative Anatomy of the Brainstem -- 7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 13: Effects of Sensorineural Hearing Loss on Temporal Coding of Harmonic and Inharmonic Tone Complexes in the Auditory Nerve -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Experimental Procedures -- 2.2 Stimuli -- 2.3 Analysis Metrics -- 2.4 Optimal-Observer Model -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Comparison with Psychophysical Data -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 14: A Glimpsing Account of the Role of Temporal Fine Structure Information in Speech Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Single Carrier Limitation -- 2.1 Methods -- 2.2 Results -- 3 Role of the Target and Masker Fine Structure -- 4 Relative Contribution of Envelope and Fine Structure -- 4.1 Methods -- 4.2 Results -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 15: Assessing the Possible Role of Frequency-Shift Detectors in the Ability to Hear Out Partials in Complex Tones -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Stimuli and Procedure -- 2.2 Subjects -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 16: Pitch Perception: Dissociating Frequency from Fundamental-Frequency Discrimination -- 1 Introduction. , 2 Melody Perception with All Components Above 6 kHz -- 2.1 Methods -- 2.2 Results -- 2.3 Discussion -- 3 Comparing Frequency and F0 Difference Limens -- 3.1 Methods -- 3.2 Data Analysis -- 3.3 Results -- 3.4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 17: Pitch Perception for Sequences of Impulse Responses Whose Scaling Alternates at Every Cycle -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Resonance and Periodicity as a Signature of Sound Source -- 1.2 Scale Alternating Wavelet Sequence -- 2 Experiment 1 (F0 Pitch Matching) -- 2.1 Purpose -- 2.2 Stimulus -- 2.3 Procedure -- 2.4 Listeners -- 2.5 Results -- 2.6 Discussion -- 3 Experiment 2 (Odd-Harmonic Reduction Pitch Matching) -- 3.1 Purpose -- 3.2 Stimulus -- 3.3 Procedure -- 3.4 Listeners -- 3.5 Results -- 3.6 Discussion -- 4 Auditory Simulation -- 5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 18: Putting the Tritone Paradox into Context: Insights from Neural Population Decoding and Human Psychophysics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Physiology and Psychophysics: Stimulation and Recording -- 2.2 Acoustic Stimuli -- 2.3 Population Decoding -- 2.4 Statistical Analysis -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Neurons in Auditory Cortex Exhibit Tuning to Shepard Tones -- 3.2 Bias Stimulus Repels the Tritone Pair in Pitch -- 3.3 Human Perception in Biased Pitch Discrimination Mirrors Physiological Pitch Shifts -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Part III: Enhancement and Perceptual Compensation -- Chapter 19: Spectral and Level Effects in Auditory Signal Enhancement -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Methods and Procedure -- 3 Experiment 1: Effects of Notch Width -- 4 Experiment 2: Effects of Precursor Level and Precursor Type -- 5 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 20: Enhancement of Increments in Spectral Amplitude: Further Evidence for a Mechanism Based on Central Adaptation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Experiment 1 -- 2.1 Method -- 2.2 Results -- 3 Experiment 2. , 3.1 Method -- 3.2 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 21: The Role of Sensitivity to Transients in the Detection of Appearing and Disappearing Objects in Complex Acoustic Scenes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Stimuli -- 3 Experiment 1 -- 3.1 Materials and Methods -- 3.2 Results and Discussion -- 4 Experiment 2 -- 4.1 Materials and Methods -- 4.2 Results and Discussion -- References -- Chapter 22: Perceptual Compensation When Isolated Test Words Are Heard in Room Reverberation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Speech Precursors and the Test-Word Continuum -- 2.2 Category Boundaries -- 2.3 Room Re ections -- 2.4 Design -- 2.5 Procedure -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 23: A New Approach to Sound Source Segregation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Perturbation Analysis -- 3 Application: Target Enhancement Versus Noise Cancellation -- 4 Summary Comments -- References -- Part IV: Binaural Processing -- Chapter 24: Maps of ITD in the Nucleus Laminaris of the Barn Owl -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Dorsoventral Maps of ITD in Owls Derived from Tone-Induced Responses -- 3.2 ITD at 0  m s Can Be Derived from Latencies of Click-Induced Responses -- 3.3 Models of Conduction Velocity and Maps of ITD -- 3.4 Plasticity in Maps of ITD -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 25: The Influence of the Envelope Waveform on Binaural Tuning of Neurons in the Inferior Colliculus and Its Relation to Binaural Perception -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 26: No Evidence for ITD-Specific Adaptation in the Frequency Following Response -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Stimuli -- 2.2 Recording -- 2.3 Analysis -- 2.4 Subjects -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 27: Interaural Time Difference Thresholds as a Function of Frequency. , 1 Introduction.