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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Keywords: Social change. ; Social evolution. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (207 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783031048630
    Series Statement: Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation Series ; v.12
    DDC: 303.4
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berkeley :University of California Press,
    Keywords: Bioinformatics. ; Computational biology. ; Sequence alignment (Bioinformatics). ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: The sequencing of the human genome involved thousands of scientists but used relatively few tools. Today, obtaining sequences is simpler, but aligning the sequences--making sure that sequences from one source are properly compared to those from other sources--remains a complicated but underappreciated aspect of comparative molecular biology. This volume, the first to focus on this crucial step in analyzing sequence data, is about the practice of alignment, the procedures by which alignments are established, and more importantly, how the outcomes of any alignment algorithm should be interpreted. Edited by Michael S. Rosenberg with essays by many of the field's leading experts, Sequence Alignment covers molecular causes, computational advances, approaches for assessing alignment quality, and philosophical underpinnings of the algorithms themselves.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (357 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780520943742
    DDC: 572.80285
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- 1. Sequence Alignment -- 2. Insertion and Deletion Events, Their Molecular Mechanisms, and Their Impact on Sequence Alignments -- 3. Local versus Global Alignments -- 4. Computing Multiple Sequence Alignment with Template-Based Methods -- 5. Sequence Evolution Models for Simultaneous Alignment and Phylogeny Reconstruction -- 6. Phylogenetic Hypotheses and the Utility of Multiple Sequence Alignment -- 7. Structural and Evolutionary Considerations for Multiple Sequence Alignment of RNA, and the Challenges for Algorithms That Ignore Them -- 8. Constructing Alignment Benchmarks -- 9. Simulation Approaches to Evaluating Alignment Error and Methods for Comparing Alternate Alignments -- 10. Robust Inferences from Ambiguous Alignments -- 11. Strategies for Efficient Exploitation of the Informational Content of Protein Multiple Alignments -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Sunderland, Mass. : Sinauer Assoc.
    Keywords: Meta-analysis ; Software ; Statistischer Test
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: IV, 128 S , 1 Diskette (9 cm)
    ISBN: 9780878937608 , 0878937595
    Language: English
    Note: Bibliography: p. 121 - 128 , Diskette u.d.T.: MetaWin 2
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 4612-4617 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In situ microscopic and spectroscopic studies of samples allow us to understand the mechanisms and measure kinetics of phase transformations in materials. We use a light microscope and a Raman microspectrometer to study phase transformations induced by contact loading. Many interesting phenomena occur in materials during indentation that can only be analyzed during indentation, in situ. By analyzing what occurs to ceramics and semiconductors in situ we can gain valuable insight into the mechanisms and kinetics of phase transformation. A microindentation device has been designed and fabricated to achieve these objectives. The microindentation device can provide the means to study pressure-induced phase transformations in real time. The basic design of the device is adaptable to several configurations, so that the device may be used in a wide variety of applications. The device consists of a piezoelectric actuator (piezoelectric translator), load cell, linear microscrew stage, translation stage containing the specimen mount and specimen holder, and diamond-tip indenter. For the first time, an indentation tester has been coupled with a Raman microspectrometer to conduct in situ studies of pressure-induced phase transformations. This article describes the design, operation, and experimentation of a microindentation device for the in situ analysis of pressure-induced phase transformations in materials. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 48 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We have used biologically active derivatives of β-nerve growth factor (NGF), modified by biotinylation via carboxyl groups, to target the specific binding of liposomes to cultured rat and human tumor cells bearing NGF receptors. Liposomes, to be used for targeting, were prepared by conjugating streptavidin to phospholipid amino groups on liposomes prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. Approximately 2,000 streptavidin molecules were incorporated per liposome. Addition of biotinylated NGF, but not of unmodified NGF, could mediate the subsequent binding of radiola-beled streptavidin-liposomes to rat pheochromocytoma PC 12 cells in suspension at 4°C. In contrast, incubation with biotinylated NGF did not mediate the binding of hemoglobin-conjugated liposomes. Under optimal incubation conditions, approximately 570 streptavidin-liposomes were specifically bound per cell. Biotinylated NGF was also used to obtain specific binding of streptavidin-liposomes containing encapsulated fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran to PC12 cells or human melanoma HS294 cells. When HS294 cells were incubated at 37°C following targeted liposome binding at 4°C, the cell-associated fluorescence appeared to become internalized, displaying a perinu-clear pattern of fluorescence similar to that observed when lysosomes were stained with acridine orange. Trypsin treatment abolished cell-associated fluorescence when cells were held at 4°C but did not alter the fluorescence pattern in cells following incubation at 37°C. When liposomes containing carboxyfluorescein, a dye capable of diffusing out of acidic compartments, were targeted to HS294 cells, subsequent incubation at 37°C resulted in diffuse cytoplasmic fluorescence, suggesting that internalized liposomes encounter ly-sosomal or prelysosomal organelles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 46 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: β-nerve growth factor (NGF) was modified by biotinylation via carboxyl group substitution (C-bio-NGF) using biotin hydrazide and the coupling reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide, under reaction conditions that yielded an average of 3 biotin additions per NGF subunit. NGF was also biotinylated through amino group substitution, using N-hydroxysuc-cinimidyl biotin, to produce derivatives with ratios of one, two, and four biotin moieties per NGF subunit (N-bio-NGF). The various biotinylated NGF derivatives were compared with native NGF for their capacity to compete with 125I-NGF for binding to NGF receptors on rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells at 4°C. On the basis of such radioreceptor assays, C-bio-NGF was as effective as native NGF in binding to NGF receptors. C-bio-NGF was also as effective as native NGF in promoting neunte outgrowth from PC12 cells. In contrast, N-bio-NGF containing one biotin per NGF subunit was only 28% as active in binding as native NGF. Increasing the biotin:NGF ratio to 2 or 4 further decreased receptor binding to 13% and 6%, respectively, as compared to native NGF. Once bound to cells, C-bio-NGF had the capacity to mediate the specific binding of 125I-streptavidin to PC12 cells. This binding of streptavidin was prevented by excess native NGF and by antiserum to NGF, but not by RNase A, insulin, cytochrome c, or nonimmune serum. In addition, a variant PC 12 line lacking functional NGF receptors was not labeled by 125I-streptavidin after prior incubation with C-bio-NGF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 463 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Gadd45a-null mice generated by gene targeting exhibited several of the phenotypes characteristic of p53-deficient mice, including genomic instability, increased radiation carcinogenesis and a low frequency of exencephaly. Genomic instability was exemplified by aneuploidy, chromosome ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The non-recombining region of the human Y chromosome (NRY), which comprises 95% of the chromosome, does not undergo sexual recombination and is present only in males. An understanding of its biological functions has begun to emerge from DNA studies of individuals with partial Y chromosomes, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 8 (1983), S. 37-39 
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Keywords: two-step ; cryopreservation ; mammary tissue ; DMSO
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Dimethylsulfoxide is used as a cryoprotectant for the preservation of mammary tissue to be used in primary cell culture. The method involves a two-step process that reduces the sample temperature to −20° C for a short-time, which is followed by storage at −90° C or immersion into liquid nitrogen. Comparison between fresh and frozen-thawed tissue was made by the cells' ability to grow inside collagen gel in response to various hormones and growth factors. Growth of frozen-thawed and collagenase-digested tissue achieved 70 to 90% the DNA values of their nonfrozen counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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