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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local feeding specialization by badgers (Meles meles) in a mediterranean environment (1995)
    Springer
    Oecologia 101 (1995), S. 45-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Feeding strategy ; Local specialization Prey features ; Meles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A case of local feeding specialization in the European badger (Meles meles), a carnivore species with morphological, physiological and behavioural traits proper to a trophic generalist, is described. For the first time, we report a mammalian species, the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), as the preferred prey of badgers. Secondary prey are consumed according to their availability, compensating for temporal fluctuations in the abundance of rabbit kittens. We discuss how both predator (little ability to hunt) and prey (profitability and predictability) features, may favour the observed specialization, as predicted by foraging theory. Badgers show a trend to specialize on different prey in different areas throughout the species range. It is suggested that changes in prey features can reverse the badger feeding strategy at the population level. Such dynamic behavioural responses make difficult to label badgers as generalists or specialists at the species level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00328898
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to herpes stromal keratitis conferred by an lgG2a-derived peptide (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 376 (1995), S. 431-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Inbred mouse strains that carry the Ighd/e alleles (for example, C.AL-20 (H-2d, Ighd)) are susceptible to necrotizing stromal keratitis induced by infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) (strain KOS), whereas congenic strains that carry the Ighb allele (for example, C.B-17 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/376431a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recurrence rate of herpetic uveitis in patients on long-term oral acyclovir (1995)
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 90 (1995), S. 331-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: Acyclovir ; Herpetic uveitis ; Herpes simplex virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the recurrence rate of herpetic uveitis (HU) in 13 patients (group A) treated prophylactically with long-term systemic acyclovir (600–800 mg/day) and compared it with that of 7 patients with no prophylactic therapy (group B). HU was diagnosed on the basis of a history of dendritic or disciform keratitis accompanied by iridocyclitis and iris atrophy. The study population consisted of 12 men and 8 women with a mean age at onset of uveitis of 52.9 years (range 19 – 78 years). All patients were followed for at least 8 months. The mean follow-up time of patients on long-term oral acyclovir was 26.0 months. In this group, only one patient experienced a single recurrent episode of uveitis while on 600–800 mg/day of acyclovir therapy; two additional patients had recurrence of HU within 16.2 months after the acyclovir dose was tapered below 600 mg/day. In striking contrast, 16 recurrences occurred in the 7 patients of group B (p〈0.05). Of these, the initial recurrence occurred within an average of 4.3 months following cessation of therapy. There was a significant difference (p〈0.05) in the mean recurrence-free interval between patients in group A (24.6 months) and those in group B (3.4 months). Herpetic uveitis is a serious ocular disease in which recurrence of inflammation results in severe ocular complications. The long-term use of oral acyclovir may be of benefit in the prevention of recurrences, and hence may reduce the blinding complications of this disease. Efforts at completing a randomized, placebo-controlled trial on this matter by the Herpes Epithelial Disease Study Group were unsuccessful due to insufficient patient recruitment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01268121
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-traumatic transient cortical blindness (1993)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 17 (1993), S. 277-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Keywords: cortical blindness ; head trauma ; migraine ; vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five patients: three children, one adolescent, and one young adult, examined in an emergency room setting were diagnosed with post-traumatic transient cortical blindness. This syndrome is characterized by transient visual loss, normal pupillary response and normal funduscopic examination following minor head trauma. In each case, vision returned to normal within minutes to hours following injury, leaving no neurological sequelae. Headache, confusion, irritability, anxiety, nausea and vomiting were the most common related symptoms. While the mechanism responsible for the transient blindness is unknown, most authors propose an abnormal vascular response to trauma with resultant transient hypoxia and cerebral dysfunction. The similarity between the symptoms accompanying this syndrome and those seen during a classic migraine attack has led many investigators to suggest a common underlying pathophysiology. The purpose of this report is to highlight the salient clinical features and diagnostic approaches to this syndrome, thereby providing ophthalmologists and emergency room physicians a heightened awareness of this entity and the means to detect it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007796
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental release of an Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) (1995)
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 4 (1995), S. 382-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: experimental release ; pre-release training ; adaptation to the wild of captive animals ; Lynx pardinus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Reintroduction to the wild of threatened species has become a modern additional justification for captive propagation. This conservation procedure is costly, and both economic resources and the absence of optimal conditions in the field limit the IUCN recommendations for reintroduction to a small proportion of potential candidate species. Furthermore reintroduction attempts often fail. In carnivores, reintroduction failure is attributed to unsuitable adaptation in the field by captive-reared animals, due to their lack of hunting skills, their tendency to leave the target area, their inadequate interaction with conspecifics or their excessive confidence in humans. This list of causes is based on very few studies of carnivore adaptation after reintroduction. In very rare and endangered species, monitoring individual case-histories is the only way to evaluate reintroduction success. We report a successful experimental release of an Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) which grew up in captivity. Careful feeding-training and avoidance of human contact during the captive phase, as well as good habitat quality and correct interaction with other wild lynx in the release site, seem to account for the observed success. Permanence of the lynx within the release area might be related to the availability of territory vacancies in the receiving population. Our results allow some optimism for future reintroductions of this endangered species in areas where it has become extinct recently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058423
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of sex-associated competitive asymmetries on foraging group structure and despotic distribution in Andean condors (1999)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 45 (1999), S. 55-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Competitive asymmetries ; Despotic distribution ; Foraging behaviour ; Vultur gryphus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phenotype-limited interference models assume competitive asymmetries among conspecifics and unequal sharing of resources. Their main prediction is a correlation between dominance status and patch quality: dominant individuals should preferentially exploit better-quality habitats. We tested assumptions and predictions of the phenotype-limited interference model in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus), a New World vulture with strong sexual size dimorphism (males are 30–40% heavier than females). We recorded searching birds in habitats differing in quality: mountains and plains. We also observed scavenging behaviour at 20 sheep carcasses, and videotaped 5 of them. Intraspecific hierarchy at carcasses was based on size: males dominated females and, within each sex, older birds dominated younger ones. Adult males and juvenile females occupied extreme positions in the feeding hierarchy. Aggression was directed at those individuals belonging to lower hierarchical levels. In high-quality areas (mountains), more condors arrived at carcasses. Juvenile females were more often observed searching in low-quality areas (plains), far from breeding areas and main roost sites. GLM analyses of individual behaviour showed that the hierarchy did not influence time of arrival, but low-ranking individuals spent more time at carcasses, especially if the number of condors at arrival was high. Additionally, low-ranking condors spent less time feeding at carcasses when individuals of higher hierarchical levels were present. On the other hand, the number of condors present had a positive effect on feeding rates of dominant individuals, probably because of a reduction in individual vigilance. These results support most of the assumptions and predictions of the phenotype-limited distribution model, although a spatial truncated distribution between phenotypes was not observed. Asymmetric feeding pay-off, unequal parental roles and sexual selection constraints could favour sexual divergence in body size in Andean condors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050539
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
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    Ultrahigh-precision noble gas isotope analyses reveal pervasive subsurface fractionation in hydrothermal systems (2024)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Mantle-derived noble gases in volcanic gases are powerful tracers of terrestrial volatile evolution, as they contain mixtures of both primordial (from Earth's accretion) and secondary (e.g., radiogenic) isotope signals that characterize the composition of deep Earth. However, volcanic gases emitted through subaerial hydrothermal systems also contain contributions from shallow reservoirs (groundwater, crust, atmosphere). Deconvolving deep and shallow source signals is critical for robust interpretations of mantle-derived signals. Here, we use a novel dynamic mass spectrometry technique to measure argon, krypton, and xenon isotopes in volcanic gas with ultrahigh precision. Data from Iceland, Germany, United States (Yellowstone, Salton Sea), Costa Rica, and Chile show that subsurface isotope fractionation within hydrothermal systems is a globally pervasive and previously unrecognized process causing substantial nonradiogenic Ar-Kr-Xe isotope variations. Quantitatively accounting for this process is vital for accurately interpreting mantle-derived volatile (e.g., noble gas and nitrogen) signals, with profound implications for our understanding of terrestrial volatile evolution.
    Description: Published
    Description: eadg2566
    Description: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: noble gases ; earth degassing
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
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    Comment on “Nodal infection in Markovian susceptible-infected-susceptible and susceptible-infected-removed epidemics on networks are non-negatively correlated” (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-04
    Description: Author(s): Pablo M. Rodríguez, Alejandro Roldán-Correa, and Leon Alexander Valencia Cator and Van Mieghem [ Phys. Rev. E 89 , 052802 (2014) ] stated that the correlation of infection at the same time between any pair of nodes in a network is non-negative for the Markovian susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) and susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) epidemic models. The arguments used ... [Phys. Rev. E 98, 026301] Published Fri Aug 03, 2018
    Keywords: Networks and Complex Systems
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 9
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    Conserved gene expression in sperm reservoirs between birds and mammals in response to mating (2017)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-19
    Description: Spermatozoa are stored in the oviductal functional sperm reservoir in animals with internal fertilization, including zoologically distant classes such as pigs or poultry. They are held fertile in the reservoir...
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2164
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
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    Sustainability, Vol. 10, Pages 1359: Carbon Footprint Estimation Tool for Residential Buildings for Non-Specialized Users: OERCO2 Project (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-28
    Description: Sustainability, Vol. 10, Pages 1359: Carbon Footprint Estimation Tool for Residential Buildings for Non-Specialized Users: OERCO2 Project Sustainability doi: 10.3390/su10051359 Authors: Jaime Solís-Guzmán Cristina Rivero-Camacho Desirée Alba-Rodríguez Alejandro Martínez-Rocamora Existing tools for environmental certification of buildings are failing in their ability to reach the general public and to create social awareness, since they require not only specialized knowledge regarding construction and energy sources, but also environmental knowledge. In this paper, an open-source online tool for the estimation of the carbon footprint of residential buildings by non-specialized users is presented as a product from the OERCO2 Erasmus + project. The internal calculations, data management and operation of this tool are extensively explained. The ten most common building typologies built in the last decade in Spain are analysed by using the OERCO2 tool, and the order of magnitude of the results is analysed by comparing them to the ranges determined by other authors. The OERCO2 tool proves itself to be reliable, with its results falling within the defined logical value ranges. Moreover, the major simplification of the interface allows non-specialized users to evaluate the sustainability of buildings. Further research is oriented towards its inclusion in other environmental certification tools and in Building Information Modeling (BIM) environments.
    Electronic ISSN: 2071-1050
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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