Keywords:
Optical materials.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
With state-of-the-art material on this fast-developing field of research, this presentation of organic chemistry's promising applications in optoelectronics reflects the widely acknowledge need to understand interface formation, film growth and functionality.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (327 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9783642338489
Series Statement:
Springer Series in Materials Science Series
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1082742
DDC:
621.381
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Theory -- Chapter 1: The Structure of Molecular Orbitals Investigated by Angle-Resolved Photoemission -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Theory -- 1.2.1 One-Step Model of Photoemission -- Plane-Wave Approximation -- Limitations of the Plane-Wave Approximation -- Equivalence of IAC and PW Approximation -- Summary of Theoretical Consideration -- 1.3 Photoemission Experiments -- 1.4 Results -- 1.4.1 Determination of Molecular Orientations -- 1.4.2 Identi cation of Molecular Orbitals -- 1.4.3 Reconstruction of Molecular Orbitals in Real Space -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Growth Model and Interfaces -- Chapter 2: Pre-nucleation and Growth of Self-assembling Organic Molecule Crystals -- 2.1 Experimental Methodology -- 2.2 PEEM Photoemission Intensity Time Plots -- 2.3 Nucleation Mechanism of 6P on Cu (110) 2 x1 - O -- 2.4 Nucleation Mechanism of 6P on Cu (110) -- 2.5 6P Condensation at Steps During Pre-nucleation Deposition Period for 6P on Cu (110) -- 2.6 Spontaneous Dewetting During Post-nucleation Deposition Period -- 2.7 PEEM Measurement of Diffusion Anisotropy -- 2.8 Direct Evidence of the Formation of (20-3) Critical Nuclei on Cu (110) -- 2.9 Nucleation Densities of (20-3) Critical Nuclei on Cu (110) and Cu (110) 2 x1 - O -- 2.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Organic-Organic Heteroepitaxy-The Method of Choice to Tune Optical Emission of Organic Nano- bers? -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Sheet Silicate Substrates -- 3.2.1 Dioctahedral Phyllosilicates (Muscovite Mica, Pyrophyllite) -- 3.2.2 Trioctahedral Phyllosilicates (Phlogopite Mica, Talc) -- 3.2.3 Freshly Cleaved Mica Surfaces -- 3.3 Epitaxial Growth of Rod-Like Molecules on Sheet Silicates -- 3.3.1 Para-Hexaphenyl -- 3.3.2 Sexithiophene.
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3.3.3 Growth Model of Rod-Like Molecules on Sheet Silicates -- 3.4 Organic Hetero-epitaxy of Nano- bers -- 3.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4: Ehrlich-Schwoebel Barriers and Island Nucleation in Organic Thin-Film Growth -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Experimental -- 4.3 Step-Edge Barriers in Organic Thin-Film Growth -- 4.3.1 Formation of Terraced Growth Mounds -- 4.3.2 Level-Dependent Ehrlich-Schwoebel Barriers -- 4.4 Island Nucleation in Organic Thin-Film Growth -- 4.4.1 Atomistic Nucleation Theory and Desorption Rate Dependence of Film Formation -- 4.4.2 Scaling Theories for the Island-Size Distribution and the Capture-Zone Distribution -- 4.4.3 Discussion of the Critical Island Size and Molecular Orientation -- 4.5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 5: In-situ Observation of Organic Thin Film Growth on Graphene -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Experimental -- 5.2.1 Low Energy Electron Microscopy -- 5.2.2 Metal Supported Graphene -- 5.2.3 Para-Sexiphenyl -- 5.3 Graphene -- 5.3.1 Layer-by-Layer Growth -- Real Space Observation of Layer-by-Layer Growth -- Structure of the First Monolayer -- 5.3.2 Structure of the Thicker Layer -- 5.3.3 Stranski-Krastanov Growth -- 5.4 Iridium{111} -- 5.4.1 Island Growth -- Deposition at Low Temperatures -- 6P Deposition at Moderate Temperatures -- 5.4.2 Step Flow Growth -- 5.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 6: Tuning Organic Electronics via Photoreactive Thin Organic Films -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Examples of Photoreactions -- 6.2.1 Photo-Fries Rearrangement of Aromatic Esters and Amides -- 6.2.2 Photoreaction of ortho-Nitrobenzyl Ester -- 6.3 Tuning of Material Parameters -- 6.3.1 Refractive Index Changes Induced by the Photo-Fries Rearrangement and Related Photoreactions -- 6.3.2 Tuning the Chemical Reactivity -- 6.4 In uence on Epitaxial Growth of Small Molecules.
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6.5 Applications of Photoreactive Polymer Layers in Organic Electronics -- 6.5.1 Tuning the Characteristics of Organic Thin-Film Transistors (OTFTs) -- Photochemical Control of the Carrier Mobility in Pentacene-Based Organic Thin-Film Transistors -- Tuning the Threshold Voltage in Organic Thin-Film Transistors by Local Channel Doping Using Photoreactive Interfacial Layers -- 6.5.2 Application of Photoreactive Polymeric Layers in OLEDs -- 6.6 Photoreactive Self-assembled Monolayers -- 6.7 Summary -- References -- Part III: Electrical Properties -- Chapter 7: Effective Medium Approximation Theory Description of Charge-Carrier Transport in Organic Field-Effect Transistors -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 EMA Approach to Hopping Charge Transport at Large Charge-Carrier Concentrations -- 7.2.1 General EMA Theory Formulation -- 7.2.2 Spatial Energy Correlations -- 7.3 Calculations of the Charge-Carrier Concentration and the Electric-Field Dependences of the Charge Mobility -- 7.3.1 Dependence of the Charge Mobility on Carrier Concentration -- 7.3.2 Dependence of the Charge-Carrier Mobility on Electric Field -- 7.3.3 Concept of Strong Local Fields in Inhomogeneous Materials -- 7.4 Calculations of Temperature Dependence of the Charge-Carrier Mobility: In uence of Carrier Concentration and Electric Field -- 7.4.1 The In uence of the Carrier Concentration on µ(T) in Zero Electric-Field Limit (Meyer-Neldel Compensation Rule) -- 7.4.2 The In uence of the Electric Field on µ(T) -- Meyer-Neldel Effect at Finite Electric Field -- Gill Effect upon Varying the Electric Field -- 7.5 The In uence of Electric Field on Meyer-Neldel Temperature and the In uence of Charge Carrier Concentration on Gill Temperature -- 7.6 Concluding Remarks on the Comparison of Different Models for the MNR in OFETs -- References.
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Chapter 8: Charge Transport in Organic Diodes and OFETs: A Comparison -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Experimental Details and Sample Con guration -- 8.3 Evaluation of Charge Carrier Mobility -- 8.3.1 Charge Carrier Mobility Measurements by Charge Extraction by Linearly Increasing Voltage -- 8.3.2 Charge Carrier Mobility Measurements by Organic Field-Effect Transistor -- 8.4 Type of Mobile Charge Carriers in C60 lms -- 8.5 Charge Carrier Concentration Dependence of Electron Mobility -- 8.6 Electric Field Dependence of Electron Mobility -- 8.7 Temperature Dependence of Charge Carrier Mobility -- 8.7.1 Meyer-Neldel Rule -- 8.7.2 Gill's Law -- 8.7.3 Electric Field and Carrier Concentration Dependence of Meyer-Neldel Energy and Gill Energy, Respectively -- 8.8 Grain Size Dependence of Charge Carrier Mobility and Meyer-Neldel Energy -- 8.9 Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Optical Properties -- Chapter 9: Excited-State Dynamics and Laser Action in Epitaxial Organic Nano bers -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Excited-State Dynamics and Random Lasing of Organic Media -- 9.3 Growth and Characterization of p-6P Epitaxial Nano bers -- 9.3.1 Fluorescence Microscopy -- 9.3.2 Atomic-Force Microscopy -- 9.4 Excited-State Dynamics of p-6P Epitaxial Nano bers -- 9.4.1 Transient Fluorescence Spectroscopy -- 9.4.2 Transient Absorption Spectroscopy -- 9.5 Optical Ampli cation and Laser Action in p-6P Epitaxial Nano bers -- 9.5.1 Coherent Random Lasing vs. Ampli ed Spontaneous Emission -- 9.5.2 Monomolecular Lasing -- 9.5.3 Microscopic Origin of Random Lasing -- 9.5.4 Guided Ampli cation of Spontaneous Emission -- 9.6 Photonic Sensing Using p-6P Epitaxial Nano bers -- 9.7 Sexiphenyl-Sexithiophene Heteroepitaxial Nano bers -- 9.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: In-situ, Real-Time Investigation of Organic Thin Film Growth Using Re ectance Difference Spectroscopy.
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10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Re ectance Difference Spectroscopy (RDS)/Re ectance Anisotropy Spectroscopy (RAS) -- 10.3 Results and Discussion -- 10.3.1 Organic-Inorganic Heteroepitaxy -- p-6P on Cu(110) -- p-6P on Cu(110)-(2x1)O -- p-6P on Cu-CuO Stripe Phase -- p-6P on TiO2(110) -- 10.3.2 Organic-Organic Heteroepitaxy on Metal Surface -- 10.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- Part V: Devices -- Chapter 11: Dipole-Controlled Energy Level Alignment at Dielectric Interfaces in Organic Field-Effect Transistors -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Material and Structural Aspects in OFETs -- 11.3 Organic Interlayers in OFETs -- 11.4 Threshold Voltage as Interface Parameter -- 11.5 The Role of the Dielectric Interlayer in OFETs -- 11.6 Photoemission Spectroscopy on Transistor-Related Structure -- 11.7 Discussion -- 11.8 Conclusion and Outlook -- 11.9 Summary -- References -- Chapter 12: Natural Materials for Organic Electronics -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Natural Substrates & -- Smoothening Layers -- 12.2.1 Natural Substrates -- 12.2.2 Natural Smoothening Layers -- 12.3 Natural Dielectrics & -- Semiconductors -- 12.3.1 Natural Dielectrics -- 12.3.2 Unipolar and Ambipolar Natural Semiconductors -- Carotenoids -- Indigoids -- 12.4 Biocompatible & -- Biodegradable Electrodes -- 12.5 Conclusion -- References -- Index.
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