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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Genetic Aberrations in Bladder Cancer Using in Situ Hybridization (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 677 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb38778.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bax expression and growth behavior of basal cell carcinomas (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  To understand the typical growth behavior of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) we searched for the correlation between proliferation and apoptosis and progression of BCC.Methods: Expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and Ki-67 was immunohistochemically investigated in both normal skin and BCC cells, as well as in the epidermis overlying BCC.Results:  The results showed that in normal epidermis, Bcl-2 was homogeneously expressed in the basal cell compartment, whereas Ki-67 expression was largely restricted to the parabasal layer, the layer just above the basal cell layer, and exhibited a more scattered staining pattern. Bax was occasionally expressed in the basal layer and widely in the suprabasal compartment. Strikingly, the apparently normal epidermis overlying BCC showed an increased Bcl-2 staining. In BCC, cells stained homogeneously for Bcl-2, whereas Bax and Ki-67 showed scattered staining patterns. Simultaneous expression was seen for Bcl-2 and Bax in 80 ± 7% of the tumor cells, and co-expression of Bcl-2 and Ki-67 in 20 ± 7% of the tumor cells. The cells expressing Bcl-2 and Ki-67, but lacking expression of Bax, the progressive fraction, comprised on average 7 ± 3% of the tumor cell population.Conclusion:  These results suggest that this small progressive fraction of tumor cells, in combination with the relatively high percentage of cells still prone to apoptosis, can explain the indolent growth behavior of BCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0560.2002.290203.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral granular cell lesions (1983)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 402 (1983), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Congenital gingival granular cell tumor ; Granular cell myoblastoma ; Granular cell ameloblastoma ; Peanut lectin ; Intermediate-sized filaments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six cases of oral granular cell lesions were studied with respect to intermediate-sized filaments (IF), peanut lectin binding (PNL) and muramidase activity by means of the peroxidase antiperoxidase technique. The tumours included three granular cell myoblastomas of the tongue (GCM) two cases of congenital gingival granular cell tumour (CGGT) and one granular cell ameloblastoma (GCA). Every tumour studied showed intracytoplasmic PNL binding whereas muramidase was negative in all cases. Vimentin expression was demonstrated in the CGGT and to a lesser extent in the GCM, but was absent in the GCA which was positive for keratin. Desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were not present in any of the lesions. These data demonstrate that PNL binding might be considered to be a common feature of granular cells regardless of their histogenesis. Lysosomes are supposed to represent the intracellular binding sites for this marker. Moreover it is shown that histomorphological identity between the granular cells of CGGT and GCA does not signify identity in histogenesis since the former are of mesenchymal derivation while the latter, from their intermediate filament protein types appear to originate from epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695047
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of cytokeratins and vimentin in epithelial cells of normal and pathologic thyroid tissue (1987)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 410 (1987), S. 347-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid gland ; Thyroid cancer ; Intermediate filaments ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of intermediate filament proteins of the cytokeratin and vimentin type was evaluated in normal and pathologically changed thyroid tissue specimens. Using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique with 4 different cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies: RCK114 (broad spectred), K2080 (broad spectred), RGE53 (directed against component 18, present in simple epithelium) and RKSE60 (directed against component 10, associated with keratinization). Co-expression of cytokeratin and vimentin was evaluated with a double immunoenzyme staining technique. The results indicate that normal and transformed cells express cytokeratins of the non-epidermal type. Cytokeratins of the epidermal type are sometimes present in carcinomas. They do not differentiate in tumour type (i.e. papillary, follicular, anaplastic or medullary carcinoma). The co-expression of cytokeratins and vimentin is not restricted to carcinomas: in a small percentage of cases it is also present in normal epithelial cells of the thyroid gland. Moreover, the distribution pattern of cytokeratins and vimentin within the cell is changed in malignant transformed epithelial cells of the gland and seems to be inversely related to the degree of differentiation of these cells. The implications of our findings for the possible use of cytokeratins and vimentin in diagnostic pathology are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00711291
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibodies to cytokeratin and vimentin in testicular tumour diagnosis (1985)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 408 (1985), S. 127-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cytokeratin ; Vimentin ; Testis ; Seminoma ; Embryonal cell carcinoma ; Endodermal sinus tumour ; Teratocarcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirteen primary and metastatic testicular germ cell tumours, including classical and anaplastic seminomas, and non-seminomatous testicular tumours were examined for their intermediate filament protein (IFP) types. The seminomas were shown to react with a monoclonal and a polyclonal antibody to bovine lens vimentin, while non-seminomatous germ cell tumours were strongly positive for a polyclonal and a monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin. In one case of seminoma with elevated serum levels ofβHCG andαFP, cytokeratin positive tumour cells were found. In the case of teratocarcinoma, several components of the tumour could be distinguished using a combination of antisera in double-label immunofluorescence microscopy. The glandular component of this tumour was positive with the polyclonal antikeratin, but also with the monoclonal cytokeratin antibody specific for glandular epithelia (RGE 53). However, the squamous component was negative with this latter antibody. Strikingly, the spindle cell component showed focal positivity for vimentin, with coexpression of cytokeratin and vimentin in some cells. Our data show that antibodies to cytokeratin and vimentin can be helpful in the diagnosis of testicular germ cell tumours, especially in the differentiation between seminomas and non-seminomatous tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00707977
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate filament protein expression and mesoderm formation in the rabbit embryo (1992)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 201 (1992), S. 45-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Gastrulation ; Cytokeratins ; Vimentin ; Immunofluorescence ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary This study aims to describe the regulation of vimentin and cytokeratin expression during differentiation of primary mesenchymal cells in the 7 day old rabbit embryo; unusual intermediate filament protein expression patterns have already been found in this species at later embryonic stages. Double-labelling indirect immunofluorescence assays with a panel of monoclonal intermediate filament antibodies are performed on frozen sections and compared with aldehyde-fixed plastic-embedded tissues. The histological part of the study, serving as a basis for the topographical orientation in the immunostained frozen sections, emphasises many similarities between the primitive streak embryos of the rabbit and the chick. The immunohistochemical analysis reveals cytokeratin expression to varying degrees in all germ layers. Vimentin expression, always in combination with cytokeratin expression, is found in a few cells of the ectoderm, endoderm and lateral mesoderm, but not in the primary mesenchymal cells of either the primitive node or the primitive streak. The results are discussed in relation to recent experimental findings on differentiation and morphogenetic processes in the primitive streak embryo. While these complex expression patterns make it seem unlikely that intermediate filament protein subtypes are expressed independently of cellular function during development, no indication can be found for a relation between vimentin expression and the morphogenetic changes thought to be important during mesoderm formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00188775
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate filament protein expression in early developmental stages of the mouse (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 99 (1993), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Expression patterns of intermediate filament proteins have been studied during early mouse embryo development. For this purpose, pre-implantation embryos at different stages of development after in vitro fertilization were studied using antibodies to cytokeratins, vimentin and lamins, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay. The levels of expression were quantitated and localization of the protein constituents was assessed by means of confocal scanning laser microscopy. Our studies showed that, although the embryos grew in culture, vimentin could not be detected in a filamentous organization. Immunofluorescence for cytokeratins was only positive from the 8-cell stage onwards. In the morula stage an increased level of cytokeratin expression was observed with a transitional staining pattern, combining a filamentous and a diffuse occurrence. In the blastocyst stages profound cytokeratin filaments were seen in trophoblast cells but not in the inner cell mass. When the cytokeratin subtypes were analysed separately, it became apparent that expression levels of cytokeratins 8 and 18 increased gradually up to a filamentous pattern in the blastocyst stage. Cytokeratins 7 and 19, although elevated in the latter stage and showing a filamentous distribution, were not found as prominently as cytokeratins 8 and 18. A-type as well as B-type lamins could be detected in all developmental stages examined, as a faintly reactive nuclear lamina. In blastocysts both lamin types were detected in trophoblast as well as in inner cell mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571875
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicolour preparations for in situ hybridization using precipitating enzyme cytochemistry in combination with reflection contrast microscopy (1993)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 100 (1993), S. 357-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have further developed a method for the detection of different enzyme cytochemical reaction products by means of reflection contrast microscopy (RCM). By embedding these enzyme precipitates in a protein matrix, we were able to prevent the reaction products from dissolving in immersion oil, which is required for RCM analysis. The applicability of the RCM procedure is, therefore, extended to a range of cytochemical enzyme precipitation methods, which normally result in oil soluble reaction products. To test their usefulness, these enzyme precipitates have been used in single- as well as double-label in situ hybridization (ISH) procedures to visualize a number of DNA target sequences by several different reflection colours, i.e. white, yellow and red. Three repetitive DNA probes for the (sub)centromeric regions of chromosomes 1, 7 and 17, as well as a repetitive DNA probe for the telomeric region of chromosome 1, and two cosmid DNA probes (40 kb each) for both arms of chromosome 11 could be detected with high efficiency in both interphase and metaphase preparations. Moreover the enzyme precipitates were shown to be stable upon exposure to excitation light or upon storage. It may be concluded that these findings render RCM a sensitive method for the visualization of multiple targets in biological specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268934
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A- and B-type lamins are differentially expressed in normal human tissues (1997)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 107 (1997), S. 505-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A selection of normal human tissues was investigated for the presence of lamins B1, B2, and A-type lamins, using a panel of antibodies specific for the individual lamin subtypes. By use of immunoprecipitation and two-dimensional immunoblotting techniques we demonstrated that these antibodies do not cross-react with other lamin subtypes and that a range of different phosphorylation isoforms is recognized by each antibody. The lamin B2 antibodies appeared to decorate the nuclear lamina in all tissues examined, except hepatocytes, in which very little lamin B2 expression was observed. In contrast to previous studies, which suggested the ubiquitous expression of lamin B1 in mammalian tissues, we show that lamin B1 is not as universally distributed throughout normal human tissues as was to be expected from previous studies. Muscle and connective tissues are negative, while in epithelial cells lamin B1 seemed to be preferentially detected in proliferating cells. These results correspond well with those obtained for lamin B1 in chicken tissues. The expression of A-type lamins is most prominent in well-differentiated epithelial cells. Relatively undifferentiated and proliferating cells in epithelia showed a clearly reduced expression of A-type lamins. Furthermore, most cells of neuroendocrine origin as well as most hematopoietic cells were negative for A-type lamin antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050138
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of chromosomal mosaicism in abnormal preimplantation embryos detected by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (1994)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 94 (1994), S. 609-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The extent of chromosomal mosaicism in human preimplantation embryos was examined using an improved procedure for the preparation and spreading of interphase nuclei for use in fluorescence in situ hybridisation, allowing the analysis of every nucleus within an embryo. One cell showed no hybridisation signals in only three of the 38 embryos that were included in this study, i.e. the hybridisation efficiency per successfully spread nucleus was 99% (197/200). Double-target in situ hybridisation analyses with X- and Y-chromosome-specific probes was performed to analyse nine embryos resulting from normal fertilisation, 22 polypronucleate embryos and seven cleavage-stage embryos where no (apronucleate) or only one pronucleus (monopronucleate) was observed. We also analysed autosomes 1 and 7 by double-target in situ hybridisation in the nuclei of two apronucleate, one monopronucleate and four polypronucleate embryos. All nine embryos that resulted from normal fertilisation were uniformly XY or XX. None of the apronucleate or monopronucleate embryos was haploid: three were diploid, one was triploid and three were mosaic. Fertilisation was detected by the presence of a Y-specific signal in four of these embryos. Of the polypronucleate embryos, two were diploid, two were triploid and 18 were mosaic for the sex chromosomes and/or autosomes 1 and 7. These results demonstrate that fertilisation sometimes occurs in monopronucleate embryos and that chromosomal mosaicism can be detected with high efficiency in apronucleate, monopronucleate and polypronucleate human embryos using fluorescence in situ hybridisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206952
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