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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Anti-Oestrogens on Cytokine Production In Vitro (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oestrogens can regulate immune functions, and due to this females have more effective immune responses than males. Oestrogens and anti-oestrogens enhance T-cell-dependent antibody production of B cells in vitro. The cytokine mediators which are behind oestrogen and anti-oestrogen induced effects are not yet known. The authors studied whether anti-oestrogens (tamoxifen and toremifene) can regulate PMA-induced cytokine production of B-, T-or myeloid cell lines. Anti-oestrogens, tamoxifen and toremifene, stimulated overall cytokine production on a B-cell line (Ball), whereas on a T-cell line (Molt-4) tamoxifen stimulated IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ production and toremifene inhibited it. Anti-oestrogens did not have any significant effect on cytokine production of myeloid cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-85.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ‘Nonspecific’Blocking of Human Ovarian Carcinoma-Associated Cellular Cytotoxicity In Vitro (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 3 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The blocking ability of heat-aggregated human polyclonal IgG and complexes formed by preservative-free tetanus toxoid (TT) and human anti-tetanus serum was investigated on the cell-mediated tumor-specific cytotoxicity reaction of ovarian carcinoma patients against cultured ovarian carcinoma cells. Aggregated IgG effectively blocked the cytotoxic reaction when the purified effector cells were prein-cubated with various concentrations of this material, whereas no blocking activity was detected when target cells were preincubated and washed before addition of cytotoxic lymphocytes. Optimal concentration was about 1.6 μg/ml, and higher or lower concentrations were less effective. Anti-TT/TT immunocomplexes behaved similarly and could effectively block at the effector cell but not at the target cell level. The results suggest that the effector cells in human ovarian carcinoma-associated cellular cytotoxicity are Fc-receptor-carrying cells and that their cytotoxic activity can be ‘nonspecifically’ blocked by saturating these sites with aggregated IgG or unrelated immunocomplexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1974.tb01313.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blocking Effect of Rheumatoid Factor on the In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Lymphoid Cells from Carcinoma Patients (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 5 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human cryo-IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) preparations blocked the tumor-specific in vitro cytotoxicity of ovarian or bladder carcinoma patients' lymphoid cells in microcytotoxicity assays. The effect was mediated by pretreatment of the effector cells. Cryo-IgM RF free of detectable IgG blocked in a dilution-dependent manner, and immunosorbent purification of contaminating IgG from another preparation did not abrogate the blocking effect. Control IgM preparations lacking RF activity did not block the cytotoxicity, and normal human serum preincubation of the RF preparations rendered them inactive, indicating that the blocking effect was due to the anti-IgG activity of the RF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1976.tb03059.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of subcutaneous and cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma to combined cytostatic plus interferon therapy (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A chemotherapy regimen consisting of dacarbazine (DTIC), vincristine, bleomycin and lomustine (CCNU) was combined with natural leucocyte interferon (IFN) in the treatment of 37 patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma. Twenty-five also had concomitant lymph node, visceral, bone or brain metastases. Fifteen patients (41%) experienced complete response (CR) and 10 (27%) partial response (PR) of the superficial lesions. In addition, three patients were rendered surgically tumour-free after PR or disease stabilization during drug therapy. The median overall duration of response was 10.2 months (range 1–53 months).In disseminated disease, the combined therapy produced favourable results, particularly with regard to superficial lesions. It is also possible that this therapy may retard the growth of aggressive subcutaneous metastases in patients who have previously had multiple surgical procedures in an attempt to stabilize their disease. In a small proportion of patients, the long-term complete remission with the drug therapy alone, or in combination with surgery, suggests that this regimen might have been curative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb16958.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immune reactions in epidermodysplasia verruciformis (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 102 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Serum antibodies against human papilloma virus have been measured using immunodiffusion and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in twelve patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). The results were compared with those from sixty-six patients with other types of human papilloma virus diseases. Antibody prevalences were slightly lower in patients with EV than in the control patients. More remarkable was the difference between EV patients and control subjects in tests of non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which was markedly depressed in the majority of patients with EV, but in the main preserved in patients with common warts. No specific immunological parameter was shown to be associated with malignant conversion of EV lesions, but malignancy was linked to the character of the inducing virus, and particularly to HPV type 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb08136.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of antiseptic mouthwashes on some clinical and microbiological findings in the mouths of lymphoma patients receiving cytostatic drugs (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 18 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 51 patients suffering from Hodgkin's disease or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma participated in this double-blind, cross-over study in which 2 antiseptic mouthwashes were tested for their effects on various periodontal index scores and salivary microbial counts. All patients were receiving combination cytostatic treatment based on methotrexate and doxorubicin. The patients (49±14 years old, 28 men, 23 women) were allotted at random to 2 groups. One rinsed with a 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) solution, the other with a 0.025% amine-stannous fluoride (AmF + SnF) solution 2× daily for 2 weeks. Both groups then continued rinsing with a 0.05% sodium fluoride (F) solution for 2 weeks, before switching over to AmF + SnF or CHX, respectively. All solutions had been prepared in such a way that they had the same colour and taste. Visible plaque index and gingival bleeding index scores were significantly reduced after periods of rinsing with CHX solution (P 〈 0.001) and AmF + SnF solution (P 〈 0.05). Microbiological cultivations of saliva specimens revealed significant reductions in mutans streptococci immediately after commencing rinsing, while lactobacilli and yeast counts were not affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1991.tb00094.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can the CD4+/CD8+ ratio predict the outcome of interferon-α therapy for renal cell carcinoma? (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 8 (1997), S. 71-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: CD4/CD8 ratio ; interferon-α therapy ; lymphocyte subsets ; metastatic renal cell carcinoma ; prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: In a randomised trial, patients with renal cell carcinoma(RCC) treated with vinblastine alone or in combination with interferon-α(IFN) were monitored for peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+)prior to and during treatment to elucidate the influence of IFN on thesecells, and the association of the change in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio with treatmentoutcome. Patients and methods: Blood samples were systematically obtained from30 patients receiving either vinblastine or vinblastine + IFN-α-2a. Flowcytometry was used to detect CD4+ (T-helper) and CD8+ cells (T-suppressor)with monoclonal antibodies. Results: Increasing CD4+/CD8+ ratios were seen in 10 of 17 patientsin the vinblastine–IFN group and in 7 of 13 patients in the vinblastinegroup. Two of three patients achieving a complete response with thevinblastine–IFN treatment showed a dramatic increase in CD4+/CD8+ ratioconcomitantly with regression of all metastases. Those treated withvinblastine–IFN who showed an increasing ratio had a better mediansurvival (not reached at 28 months of follow-up) compared to those with adecreasing ratio (6.3-month survival) (P = 0.0037, log-rank). No suchdifference occurred in patients treated with vinblastine alone. In themultivariate analysis, the increase in CD4+/CD8+ ratio was the most importantprognostic factor. Conclusion: In a proportion of patients receiving an interferon-basedtherapy, IFN seems to influence the host's immune system, resulting in anincreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio concomitantly with tumour regression. Changes in theCD4+/CD8+ ratio of patients with metastatic RCC receiving such therapy, mayprovide valuable prognostic information and a basis for future improvementsof immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008293117223
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoperoxidase demonstration of human papilloma virus (HPV) in dysplastic lesions of the uterine cervix (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 233 (1982), S. 53-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Cervical dysplasias ; Condylomas ; Anti-HPV immune serum ; Indirect immunoperoxidase technique ; Human squamous cell carcinogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Routinely processed sections of 47 unselected cervical dysplasias and in situ carcinomas (both condylomatous, CO, and noncondylomatous, NCO) were subjected to staining with indirect immunoperoxidase-PAP technique using anti-human papilloma virus (anti-HPV) immune serum to demonstrate HPV antigens in these lesions. Anti-HPV was raised in guinea pigs immunized with highly purified virions from a pool of human skin wart tissues. Positive reactivity for HPV (brown intranuclear precipitates) was disclosed in 72% of the CO dysplasias and in only one case (5.6%) of the NCO group. The frequency of HPV-positive lesions was inversely related to the degree of epithelial dysplasia, being consistent with the disappearance of ultrastructurally detectable virus particles in lesions turned malignant. HPV-containing cells were characteristic koilocytes or dyskeratotic superficial cells. The present technique provides definite evidence for the HPV etiology of the flat, inverted, and papillomatous condylomas, and seems to offer an advantage as a diagnostic tool of these lesions. When applied to malignant tumors in the near future, the method will undoubtedly bring more light on the suggested role of HPV in the etiology of human squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix and other sites as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02110679
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The occurrence of human wart-virus antibodies in dogs, pigs and cattle (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 57 (1978), S. 297-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using the immunodiffusion method, antibodies against human wart-virus were detected in dog, pig and cattle sera but not in horse and reindeer sera. Antibodies were found in 25 per cent (28/114) of the dog sera, the prevalence of antibodies being fairly similar to that in children of the same age. By electron microscopy the antibodies in dog sera were shown to attach to and precipitate the human wart-virus particles, and in immunodiffusion the precipitation lines of human and dog sera were shown to be identical. Of the cattle sera studied, 10 per cent (10/97) and of the pig sera 13 per cent (5/40) gave a faint precipitation line, having identity with that given by the human sera, against human wart-virus. Conversely 18 per cent (9/50) of adult human sera contained precipitating antibodies against a bovine papilloma antigen, probably bovine papilloma virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320069
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of melanoma with radiolabelled monoclonal antibody fragments and iodoamphetamine (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 12 (1986), S. 359-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Immunoscintigraphy ; Iodoamphetamine ; Melanoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In two melanoma patients, metastases accumulated both 99mTc-labelled monoclonal anti-tumor F(ab′)2 fragments and N-isopropyl-p-(123I)-iodoamphetamine. Small metastatic deposits were localized only by labelled antibody, for which a higher target-to-nontarget ratio was observed than for radioiodoamphetamine, indicating that immunoscintigraphy may be the more sensitive method. In these two patients positive immunohistochemical staining for the antibody used was observed, whereas in a third patient, with no concentration of labelled antibody, the staining result was negative showing the specificity of the immunoscintigraphy findings. It is possible that the accumulation of radio-iodoamphetamine is due to binding to melanin but this is not certain as tissue samples from one of the two patients with positive scintigrams did not contain stainable melanin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263821
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