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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth factors in the human prostate
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 40 (1991), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0960-0760
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0960-0760(91)90183-6
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    P-glycoprotein is expressed in parathyroid epithelium and is regulated by calcium (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 170-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Multidrug resistance ; P-glycoprotein ; Parathyroid ; Calcium regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract P-glycoprotein (Pgp), the multidrug resistance (mdr) gene product, has been described in normal tissues with diverse physiologic functions. A broad role as a transporter protein for toxins, hormones, and physiologic metabolites has been provisionally deduced, based on structural analysis and immunoanatomic localization. Recently, significant levels of Pgp have been demonstrated in endocrine and hormonally responsive tissues and tumors. We examined calcium-regulated, clonal parathyroid epithelial (PT-r) and endothelial cells (BPE-1) and frozen parathyroid tissue from normal human parathyroid, parathyroid hyperplasia, parathyroid adenoma, and parathyroid carcinoma for expression of the multidrug resistance gene (Mdr1) and Pgp utilizing Northern and Western analysis and immunohistochemistry. We also investigated the effect of extracellular calcium (eCa) on Pgp expression in PT-r cells at the molecular/cellular level. Immunohistochemistry, utilizing three murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs)—C494, JSB-1, and C219—which recognize spatially distinct cytoplasmic epitopes of Pgp, revealed strong immunoreactivity in PT-r cells, normal parathyroid, and parathyroid hyperplasia, and weak immunostaining in parathyroid adenomas. BPE-1 cells, endothelial cells, and parathyroid carcinoma were negative. PT-r cells showed a single 130 kDa band (120 KDa after glycosidase treatment) on Western blot and a 4.6 kb transcript on Northern analysis, consistent with Pgp. Western and Northern blot analysis of PTr cells cultured in different eCa concentrations showed that eCa up-regulated Pgp expression. Northern analysis of doxorubicin-resistant human breast carcinoma cells (Adr1) (MCF-7) exhibited constitutive expression of Pgp mRNA without modifications, with increasing eCa concentrations. We conclude that N-glycosylated Pgp is expressed in parathyroid epithelial cells and that calcium responsiveness of Pgp expression appears cell specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296351
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    The combination of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat and synthetic triterpenoids reduces tumorigenesis in mouse models of cancer (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-03
    Description: Novel drugs and drug combinations are needed for the chemoprevention and treatment of cancer. We show that the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat [suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA)] and the methyl ester or ethyl amide derivatives of the synthetic triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO-Me and CDDO-Ea, respectively) cooperated to inhibit the de novo synthesis of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells and in primary mouse peritoneal macrophages. Additionally, SAHA enhanced the ability of synthetic triterpenoids to delay formation of estrogen receptor-negative mammary tumors in MMTV-polyoma middle T (PyMT) mice. CDDO-Me (50mg/kg diet) and SAHA (250mg/kg diet) each significantly delayed the initial development of tumors by 4 ( P 〈 0.001) and 2 ( P 〈 0.05) weeks, respectively, compared with the control group in the time required to reach 50% tumor incidence. CDDO-Ea (400mg/kg diet), as a single agent, did not delay tumor development. The combination of either triterpenoid with SAHA was significantly more potent than the individual drugs for delaying tumor development, with a 7 week ( P 〈 0.001) delay before 50% tumor incidence was reached. SAHA, alone and in combination with CDDO-Me, also significantly ( P 〈 0.05) inhibited the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages into the mammary glands of PyMT mice and levels of the chemokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor in primary PyMT tumor cells. In addition, SAHA and the synthetic triterpenoids cooperated to suppress secreted levels of the pro-angiogenic factor matrix metalloproteinase-9. Similar results were observed in mouse models of pancreatic and lung cancer. At concentrations that were anti-inflammatory, SAHA had no effect on histone acetylation. These studies suggest that both SAHA and triterpenoids effectively delay tumorigenesis, thereby demonstrating a promising, novel drug combination for chemoprevention.
    Print ISSN: 0143-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2180
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Zfp318 Regulates IgD Expression by Abrogating Transcription Termination within the Ighm/Ighd Locus [MOLECULAR AND STRUCTURAL IMMUNOLOGY] (2014)
    The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: The protein Zfp318 is expressed during the transition of naive B cells from an immature to mature state. To evaluate its role in mature B cell functions, a conditional gene deficiency in Zfp318 was created and deleted in bone marrow lineages via Vav-Cre . B cell development was minimally altered in the absence of the protein, although transitional 2 (T2) B cell populations were depressed in the absence of Zfp318. Intriguingly, the analysis of IgM and IgD expression by maturing and mature naive B cells demonstrated an elevated level of IgM gene products and a virtual loss of IgD products. Transcriptome analysis of Zfp318-deficient B cells revealed that only two gene products showed altered expression in the absence of Zfp318 ( Ighd and Sva ), demonstrating a remarkable specificity of Zfp318 action. In the absence of Zfp318, Ighm/Ighd transcripts, which would normally encode IgM and IgD from heterogeneous nuclear RNA transcripts via alternative splicing, lack intron and exon sequences from the IgD ( Ighd )–encoding region. This finding indicates that Zfp318, in a novel manner, functions by repressing recognition of the transcriptional termination site at the 3' end of the terminal IgM-encoding exon, allowing for synthesis of the complete Ighm/Ighd heterogeneous nuclear RNA.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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  • 5
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    The triterpenoid CDDO-imidazolide reduces immune cell infiltration and cytokine secretion in the KrasG12D;Pdx1-Cre (KC) mouse model of pancreatic cancer (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-04
    Description: Because the 5-year survival rate for pancreatic cancer remains under 10%, new drugs are needed for the prevention and treatment of this devastating disease. Patients with chronic pancreatitis have a 12-fold higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer. LSL-Kras G12D/+ ;Pdx-1-Cre (KC) mice replicate the genetics, symptoms and histopathology found in human pancreatic cancer. Immune cells infiltrate into the pancreas of these mice and produce inflammatory cytokines that promote tumor growth. KC mice are particularly sensitive to the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as only 48% of KC mice survived an LPS challenge while 100% of wildtype (WT) mice survived. LPS also increased the percentage of CD45+ immune cells in the pancreas and immunosuppressive Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cell in the spleen of these mice. The triterpenoid CDDO-imidazolide (CDDO-Im) not only reduced the lethal effects of LPS (71% survival) but also decreased the infiltration of CD45+ cells into the pancreas and the percentage of Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cell in the spleen of KC mice 4–8 weeks after the initial LPS challenge. While the levels of inflammatory cytokine levels were markedly higher in KC mice versus WT mice challenged with LPS, CDDO-Im significantly decreased the production of IL-6, CCL-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and G-CSF in the KC mice. All of these cytokines are prognostic markers in pancreatic cancer or play important roles in the progression of this disease. Disrupting the inflammatory process with drugs such as CDDO-Im might be useful for preventing pancreatic cancer, especially in high-risk populations.
    Print ISSN: 0143-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2180
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Bone marrow-induced Mef2c deficiency delays B-cell development and alters the expression of key B-cell regulatory proteins (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-26
    Description: The Mef2 family transcriptional regulator Mef2c (myocyte enhancer factor 2c) is highly expressed in maturing bone marrow and peripheral mature B-cells. To evaluate the role of this transcription factor in B-cell development, we generated a B-cell-specific conditional deletion of Mef2c using the Mb-1-Cre transgene that is expressed during the early stages of immunoglobulin rearrangement. Young mice possessing this defect demonstrated a significant impairment in B-cell numbers in bone marrow and spleen. This phenotype was evident in all B-cell subsets; however, as the animals mature, the deficit in the peripheral mature B-cell compartments was overcome. The absence of Mef2c in mature B-cells led to unique CD23 + and CD23 – subsets that were evident in Mef2c knockout primary samples as well as Mef2c-deficient cultured, differentiated B-cells. Genome-wide expression analysis of immature and mature B-cells lacking Mef2c indicated altered expression for a number of key regulatory proteins for B-cell function including Ciita, CD23, Cr1/Cr2 and Tnfsf4. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed Mef2c binding to the promoters of these genes indicating a direct link between the presence (or absence) of Mef2c and altered transcriptional control in mature B-cells.
    Print ISSN: 0953-8178
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2377
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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