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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine-scale distribution of juvenile cephalopods in the Scotia Sea and adaptive allometry of the brachial crown (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 124 (1995), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The pelagic nekton community was sampled with the RMT 25 opening/closing net and a neuston net at two stations in the Scotia Sea south of the Antarctic Polar Front in the open ocean (Station 1) and on the South Georgia northwestern slope (Station 2). Downward oblique tows were made with the RMT 25 through discrete 200 m layers to 1000 m in daylight and darkness. A total of 119 cephalopods representing nine species were removed from the samples, and mantle and arm lengths were measured to the nearest 0.1 mm. The most abundant species at each station was an undescribed Brachioteuthis sp. (B. ?picta). Galiteuthis glacialis and Alluroteuthis antarcticus were caught at both stations. Histioteuthis eltaninae, Bathyteuthis abyssicola and Psychroteuthis glacialis were caught at Station 1. Mastigoteuthis psychrophila and a Chiroteuthis sp. were caught at Station 2. B. ?picta was present throughout the water column to 1000 m at both stations, with little evidence of ontogenetic descent. There was evidence for ontogenetic descent in G. glacialis. This species was absent from the Antarctic Surface Water (ASW) at Station 1, where it was concentrated in the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW). At Station 2 it was present throughout the water column to 1000 m. The other species were all caught in the core of the CDW (〉400 m). In juvenile B. ?picta, G. glacialis and A. antarcticus, growth of the brachial crown is positively allometric with respect to mantle length. Recent data on biomass spectra in high-latitude pelagic systems show that they are characterised by the presence of peaks of biomass separated by biomass minima. Positive allometric growth in the brachial crown of these antarctic oceanic squid is suggested to have evolved as an adaptation to the peaked, or domed, structure of the pelagic biomass spectrum which must be spanned by these predators as their optimum prey size increases with growth. Interspecific differences in the allometry of tentacle growth are probably related to differences in strategies for stalking and capture of prey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349152
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zooplankton biomass in the ice-covered Weddell Sea, Antarctica (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 111 (1991), S. 227-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Zooplankton was sampled by a Rectangular Midwater Trawl (RMT 1 + 8) in Weddell Sea surface waters (0 to 300 m) between 66 and 78°S during austral summer (February – March 1983). Sixty-nine taxa including different developmental stages were considered and divided into 16 size classes between 〈1 and 〉39.5 mm length. Biomass was determined by taxon and size class for three different meso- and macroplankton communities in the oceanic region, on the northeastern shelf and on the southern shelf of the Weddell Sea. The highest biomass of 11.2 mg DW m−3 (3.4 g DW m−2) was found in the northeastern shelf community (70 to 74°S), where juvenile and adultEuphausia crystallorophias accounted for 3.7 mg DW m−3 (1.1 g DW m−2). Although not quantitatively sampled, early copepodite stages (CI to CIII) ofCalanoides acutus andCalanus propinquus ranked second with 2.7 mg DW m−3 (0.8 g DW m−2). Biomass in the northeastern shelf community was concentrated in the size ranges 1 to 4 mm and 19.5 to 39.5 mm. The oceanic community of the central Weddell Sea was dominated by copepods smaller than 5 mm, which made up half of the total oceanic biomass. The tunicateSalpa thompsoni (7.0 to 8.5 mm) was the dominant single species with 1.6 mg DW m−3 (0.5 g DW m−2). Euphausiids, mainly juvenile and adult krillEuphausia superba, comprised 1.2 mg DW m−3 (0.4 g DW m−2). Total standing stock in the oceanic community was 9.4 mg DWm−3 (2.8 g DW m−2). Lowest biomass values were found in the southern shelf community (south of 75°S) with 4.0 mg DW m−3 (1.2 g DW m−2), concentrated in the 1 to 4 mm and 14.5 to 34.5 mm size classes. Abundant species were the pteropodLimacina helicina (1 to 2 mm; 0.7 mg DW m−3; 0.2 g DW m−2) andE. crystallorophias (24.5 to 39.5 mm; 0.9 mg DW m−3; 0.3 g DW m−2). The data reveal that it is essential to distinguish among subsystems in the Southern Ocean. This leads to a better understanding of the structure and function of those pelagic food webs which represent alternatives to the paradigmatic krill-centered system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01319704
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predation on cephalopods by Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, at two localities of the Scotia Arc, Antarctica (1999)
    Springer
    Polar biology 21 (1999), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The cephalopod remains from 206 Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) scats collected at Mossman Peninsula, South Orkney Islands (n = 105) and at Stranger Point, South Shetland Islands (n = 101) contained 148 beaks (57 lower and 91 upper). The lower beaks were sorted and measured. Identification of 33 of the lower beaks that were collected at Mossman Peninsula revealed two squid species, Brachioteuthis ?picta (n = 26) and Psychroteuthisglacialis (n = 7), with lower rostral lengths (LRL) of 2.0–3.5 mm, and 1.0–2.5 mm, respectively. Identification of 15 of the lower beaks collected at Stranger Point revealed the same squid species, with the LRL of B. ?picta ranging from 3.0–3.4 mm (n = 9), and that of P. glacialis from 2.0 to 3.5 mm (n = 6). Estimated squid sizes and wet masses indicate that Antarctic fur seals feed on the small sub-adult squid which inhabit the surface layers. We have compared the squid diet estimated for the seals with that reported for its congeners in lower latitudes and other Antarctic seals, and conclude that cephalopods do not form an important food resource for Antarctic fur seals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050333
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in the macrozooplankton community off the Antarctic Peninsula (1990)
    Springer
    Polar biology 10 (1990), S. 373-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary This paper presents an analysis of zooplankton net sampling surveys carried out during four expeditions to the Antarctic Peninsula region. Cluster analysis documented two to three site groupings for the epipelagic zone and one mesopelagic site cluster below 200 to 300 m depth. Analysis of species dominance, constancy, diversity and evenness indices did not allow clear designation and separation of communities in terms of these parameters. Computation of a rank correlation matrix for each season allowed the characterization of species groups. There were no perfect indicator species in the very strict sense. The main differences in the composition of the zooplankton between the site clusters were due mainly to changes in abundance rather than to presence or absence of particular species. However, the interpretation of the complex species and site groupings led to the conclusion that we can define three distinct communities: an oceanic, a neritic, and a mesopelagic community beneath 200 to 300 m. A so-called transitional cluster represents a mixing zone created by frequent occurrence of species from both the oceanic and neritic community. The location of the described oceanic and neritic community sites seem to be relatively stable with minor latitudinal changes during the seasons, while occurrence and abundance of most species changes with the time of the year. The usefulness of particular species (e.g. Euphausia superba) as indicator species also change during the year
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237825
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Joint biological Expedition on RRS "John Biscoe", February 1982 (II) (1983)
    In:  EPIC3Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 11, 40 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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  • 6
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    Fibex cruise zooplankton data (1984)
    In:  EPIC3Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 16, 53 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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  • 7
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    Distribution, abundance and diurnal migration of macrozooplankton in Antarctic surface waters (1985)
    In:  EPIC3Meeresforsch, 30, pp. 264-279
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 8
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    Zoogeographische Untersuchungen und Gemeinschaftsanalysen an antarktischem Makroplankton (1987)
    In:  EPIC3Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 34, 150 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 9
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    German Antarctic Expedition 1980/1981 with FRV "Walther Herwig" and RV "Meteor" (1983)
    In:  EPIC3Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 15, 59 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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  • 10
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    Maps of the Geographical Distribution of Macrozooplankton in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean (1985)
    In:  EPIC3Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 22, 55 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , notRev
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