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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Keywords: Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Handbook provides a supporting guide to key aspects and applications of landscape ecology to underpin its research and teaching. A wide range of contributions written by expert researchers in the field summarise the latest knowledge on landscape ecology theory and concepts, landscape processes, methods and tools, and emerging frontiers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (503 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780429679674
    DDC: 577.5/5
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 A brief history and overview of landscape ecology -- Part I Theory and concepts in landscape ecology -- Chapter 2 Landscape mosaics and the patch-corridor-matrix model -- Chapter 3 Scale and hierarchy in landscape ecology -- Chapter 4 Landscape connectivity -- Part II Landscape processes -- Chapter 5 Spatially structured ecosystems, connectivity, and movement -- Chapter 6 Habitat fragmentation -- Chapter 7 Nutrient flows in the landscape -- Chapter 8 The disturbance regime concept -- Chapter 9 Impacts of climate changes and amplified natural disturbance on global ecosystems -- Chapter 10 Change from within: Bottom-up disturbances of ecosystems -- Part III Methods and tools for landscape ecology -- Chapter 11 Fieldwork in landscape ecology -- Chapter 12 Remote sensing and landscape mapping -- Chapter 13 Sensors in the landscape -- Chapter 14 The role of paleoecology in understanding landscape-level ecosystem dynamics -- Chapter 15 Landscape pattern analysis -- Chapter 16 Quantitative modelling and computer simulation -- Chapter 17 Landscape character assessment and participatory approaches -- Chapter 18 Experimentation in landscape ecology -- Part IV Landscape ecology frontiers -- Chapter 19 Landscape ecology contributions to biodiversity conservation -- Chapter 20 Ecosystem services in the landscape -- Chapter 21 Riverscapes -- Chapter 22 Landscape restoration -- Chapter 23 Landscapes and climate change - case studies from Europe -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    San Diego :Bentham Science Publishers,
    Keywords: Biopharmaceutics. ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical. ; Drug design. ; Pharmaceutical chemistry. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (487 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780128039625
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Recent Advances in Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 1 -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Chapter 1: New Functions of Old Drugs: Aureolic Acid Group of Anti-Cancer Antibiotics and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Principal Functions of Nsaids and Aureolic Acid Anticancer Antibiotics and Their Mechanism of Action -- 3. Other Functions of These Drugs and Mechanism of Actions -- 4. Chemical Dissection of the Drugs to Understand Alternate Functions -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 2: Updated Report on a Novel Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase Thioredoxin-Dependent Redox-Sensing Molecular Switch: A Mechanism for the Maintenance of Cellular Redox Equilibrium -- Abstract -- Introduction -- A Redox-sensing Molecular Switch Formed Via an Intermolecular Disulfide Bond -- Low Redox Potential Sulfenate Formation at a Catalytic Site Cysteine: Another Mechanism by Which MST Serves as an Anti-oxidant Protein -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 3: Characterization of Inorganic Nanomaterials as Therapeutic Vehicles -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 4: Aromatase Inhibitors: A New Reality for the Adjuvant Endocrine Treatment of Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 5: Bacterial FabH: Towards the Discovery of New Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Bacterial Type II Fas the Biological Process -- Three Dimensional Structure of FabH -- Substrate Binding and Specificity. , Catalytic Mechanism and Substrate Binding -- Molecular Modeling Studies of FabH -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 6: Tannins and Their Influence on Health -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Classification of Tannins -- 3. Absorption and Metabolism of Tannins -- 4. Biological Activity -- 5. Human Intervention Studies -- 6. Adverse and Undesirable Effects -- 7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 7: Rho-GTPases and Statins: A Potential Target and a Potential Therapeutic Tool Against Tumors? -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Role of RhoA in Normal and Tumor Cells -- Statins Inhibit RhoA Activity -- Statins and Tumor Growth/apoptosis -- Statins and Angiogenesis -- Statins and Metastasis -- Statins, Chemotherapy Efficacy and Multidrug Resistance -- Statins and Chemoprevention of Tumors -- Statins in Cancer Treatment -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 8: Carotenoids that are Involved in Prostate Cancer Risk -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Types of Carotenoids and Their Distribution in Diets -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 9: Preclinical Studies of Saponins for Tumor Therapy -- Abstract -- Diverse Structures and Functions of Saponins -- Saponins as Anti-Cancer Agents -- Dioscins -- Saikosaponins -- Julibrosides -- Soy Saponins -- Ginseng Saponins -- Avicins -- Knowledge, Gaps and Future -- Combinations of Saponins and Other Anti-Cancer Agents -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 10: Pharmacological Neuroprotection for Acute Spinal Cord Injury -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Epidemiology -- 3. Pathophysiology. , 4. Search Criteria -- 5. Current Treatment of Acute Spinal Cord Injuries -- 6. Promising Future Pharmacological Therapies -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 11: HPLC and its Essential Role in the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Samples -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Chemistry and Activity -- 3. Analytical Methods -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 12: Gene Expression Profiles in Breast Cancer to Identify Estrogen Receptor Target Genes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Estrogen Receptors -- Mechanisms of ER Action -- Global Gene Expression Profiling of ER Action -- Future Considerations -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Chapter 13: Trans-plasma Membrane Electron Transport in Human Blood Platelets: An Update -- Abstract -- Plasma Membrane Redox System -- Medicinal Effects on Platelet PMR System -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 14: Role of Intermediate States in Protein Folding and Misfolding -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- Conflict of Interest -- Disclosure -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY :Springer,
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease-Pathophysiology-Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (230 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781461316572
    Series Statement: Advances in Behavioral Biology Series ; v.34
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-12-29
    Description: Perioperative events influence cancer recurrence risk after surgery Perioperative events influence cancer recurrence risk after surgery, Published online: 28 December 2017; doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.194 Despite the achievement of locoregional control, a third of patients undergoing surgery for cancer will have disease recurrence. In this Review, the authors describe the potential to optimize the outcomes of patients with cancer by minimizing inflammation and activation of the sympathetic nervous system in the perioperative period, which is often achievable with simple and cost-effective changes in patient-management strategies.
    Print ISSN: 1759-4774
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-4782
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 85 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Reactive oxygen species are a necessary triggering event for apoptosis of sympathetic neurons after nerve growth factor (NGF) withdrawal. Reactive oxygen species can lead to the generation of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), a highly reactive aldehyde that forms adducts with proteins. This covalent modification can activate or inhibit signal transduction pathways involved in the induction of apoptosis. This process may be clinically relevant because HNE-adduct immunoreactivity increases in several disease states. Here we evaluate the role of HNE-adducts in sympathetic neurons undergoing NGF-deprivation-induced apoptosis, a model of developmental programmed cell death. We show that HNE-adduct immunoreactivity is dramatically increased after NGF-withdrawal in an NADPH oxidase-dependent manner. Moreover, HNE-adducts appear to contribute to NGF-deprivation-induced apoptotic signal transduction because microinjected HNE-adduct antiserum protects sympathetic neurons from NGF withdrawal. In conclusion, this report suggests the direct contribution of endogenously generated HNE in the stimulation of apoptotic signal transduction in neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 85 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: JNK/SAPK has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, but the upstream cascade leading to JNK/SAPK activation has not been elucidated in the disease. In this study, we focused on one of the physiological activators of JNK/SAPK, JNK kinase 1 (JKK1). Although there was no significant difference in the level and distribution of total JKK1 between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age-matched control cases, increased levels of activated phospho-JKK1 were specifically localized to neurofibrillary pathology including neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaque neurites, granulovaualar degenerations and neuropil threads in severe AD (Braak stage V–VI), considerably overlapping with its downstream effector, phospho-JNK/SAPK, suggesting both a functional and mechanistic link. Nuclear localization of phospho-JKK1 was also found in mild (Braak stage III–IV) but not in severe AD cases (Braak stage V–VI), suggesting a possible re-distribution correlating with the progress of the disease. By immunoblot analyses, phospho-JKK1 was significantly increased in AD over control cases. Together, these findings lend further credence to the notion that the JNK/SAPK pathway is dysregulated in AD and also indicate an active role for this pathway in disease pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Immunocytochemical and peptide sequencing studies indicate that the regulatory protein ubiquitin (Ub) is incorporated into the paired helical filaments (PHF) of Alzheimer disease. In this study, we showed that some antibodies raised to PHF recognize epitopes of Ub. Analysis of the Ub sequences recognized by the antibodies raised to PHF, along with the known specificity of several monoclonal antibodies raised to artificial Ub conjugates, indicates the immunochemical representation of Ub residues 34–76 in PHF. The Ub epitopes recognized by antibodies raised to PHF are distinct from those recognized by antibodies raised to artificial Ub conjugates in two respects. First, antibodies that are raised to PHF and that recognize Ub react with PHF equally, whether denatured or not, whereas those raised to artificial Ub conjugates show greater reaction after denaturation. Second, mapping of the epitopes recognized by two monoclonal antibodies to PHF onto Ub indicates a distinction in the Ub residues recognized, compared with monoclonal antibodies raised to artificial Ub conjugates. The proximity of their epitopes to the site of conjugation, as well as their affinity for PHF polypeptides, suggests that the PHF antibodies that recognize Ub may be directed specifically to Ub epitopes defined by the protein conjugated to Ub.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Previous studies demonstrated the specific association of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 protein to the neurofibrillary pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods to show the increased expression of HO-1 but not HO-2 mRNA transcripts in cerebral cortex and cerebral vessels from subjects with AD compared with age-matched non-AD controls. Neither the HO-1 nor the HO-2 mRNA level was altered in the cerebellum, a brain region usually spared from the pathological alterations of AD. There was no clear evidence that the expression of HO-1 in these tissues was related to postmortem interval, cause of death, or the age of the subjects studied. Using immunoblotting methods, we further showed that HO-1 protein content was increased in neocortical and vascular samples from AD subjects compared with controls. Our findings suggest the specific induction of HO-1 mRNA and protein in the cerebral cortex and cerebral vessels but not HO-2 mRNA or protein in association with the pathological lesions of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) is a key enzyme in signal transduction. We have previously demonstrated that an antibody to an isozyme of PLC, PLC-δ, produced intense staining of neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, we investigated the protein level and activity of this enzyme in control and Alzheimer brains. Western blot analysis using a specific antibody for PLC-δ showed that the concentration of PLC-δ protein was significantly higher in the cytosolic fraction of Alzheimer's disease cortical tissue than in control brains. The activity of PLC-δ, which hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol, was also investigated, and we found that PLC-δ activity was not significantly different in the Alzheimer and control cytosolic fractions. These results indicate that the specific activity of PLC-δ is decreased in Alzheimer brains and suggest that inactivation of PLC-δ might be related to the pathophysiology of this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We present the first evidence for carbonyl-related posttranslational modifications of neurofilaments in the neurofibrillary pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Two distinct monoclonal antibodies that consistently labeled neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuropil threads, and granulovacuolar degeneration in sections of AD tissue also labeled the neurofilaments within axons of the white matter following modification by reducing sugars, glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, or malondialdehyde. The epitope recognized by these two antibodies shows a strict dependency for carbonyl modification of the neurofilament heavy subunit. The in vivo occurrence of this neurofilament modification in the neurofibrillary pathology of AD suggests that carbonyl modification is associated with a generalized cytoskeletal abnormality that may be critical in the pathogenesis of neurofibrillary pathology. Furthermore, the data presented here support the idea that extensive posttranslational modifications, including oxidative stress-type mechanisms, through the formation of cross-links, might account for the biochemical properties of NFTs and their resistance to degradation in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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