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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyaluronidase degradation of hyaluronic acid from different sources: Influence of the hydrolysis conditions on the production and the relative proportions of tetra- and hexasaccharide produced
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Biochemistry 25 (1993), S. 325-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-711X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0020-711X(93)90620-T
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assay of synovial fluid hyaluronic acid using high-performance liquid chromatography of hyaluronidase digests
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 566 (1991), S. 9-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4347(91)80106-M
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of age on the disposition of sodium fluoride (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Sodium fluoride ; osteoporosis, single-dose pharmacokinetics, age
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sodium fluoride (NaF) is used in the treatment of axial osteoporosis and so is mostly given to old patients. Since its pharmacokinetics has not been studied in the elderly, the pharmacokinetics of an enteric-coated tablet containing 50 mg NaF has been investigated in 15 aged inpatients (aged 65 to 75 y) and 12 young healthy volunteers (aged 21 to 26 y). The serum AUC of fluoride was 1.7-time higher in older than in younger subjects. There was a strong inverse correlation between the AUC and either body surface area (BSA) or glomerular filtration rate (GFR), both of which were very much lower in the elderly. This concluded that if efficacy or safety are related to the bioavailability of fluoride, it maybe valuable to adjust the dosage of fluoride accordingly to the GFR and BSA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02333026
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereoselective distribution of tiaprofenic acid in synovium and cartilage in osteoarthritic patients (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 283-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Tiaprofenic acid; articular distribution ; synovium ; cartilage ; chiral NSAID
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: In order to document the stereoselective distribution in joints of a chiral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the relative affinities of the enantiomers of tiaprofenic acid in synovium and for cartilage were compared. Methods: The distribution of tiaprofenic acid in synovium and in cartilage was studied 25 h after administering the racemic drug for 2 days (600 mg of a sustained-release preparation, once daily), in 12 inpatients with osteoarthritis of the hip requiring arthroplasty. Enantiomers were quantified in plasma and freeze-ground tissues by a chiral HPLC assay. Results: Plasma concentrations of the dextrorotatory (R) enantiomer (0.40 μg/ml) were higher than those of its antipode. The concentration of racemate in synovium (in dried and fresh tissues, 150% and 40%, respectively, of the concentration in plasma) was much higher than that in cartilage (in dried tissues 32% of the plasma concentration). The ratio of the active, dextrorotatory (R) enantiomer to its antipode was higher in synovial tissue than in plasma. Conclusion: Tiaprofenic acid is distributed stereoselectively in plasma and synovium, which contain a higher concentration of the active, dextrorotatory (R) enantiomer. In cartilage, it reaches only a very low concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium naproxen: concentration and effect on inflammatory response mediators in human rheumatoid synovial fluid (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 3-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Naproxen ; Synovial fluid ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; NSAIDs ; eicosanoid ; concentration/effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twelve patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and having swollen knees were treated with 1.1 g/day of sodium naproxen administered in one dose, daily for 5 days. The 72-h wash-out period was verified by the absence of any nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug using a HPLC screening. Blood and synovial fluid samples were drawn just before treatment and 24 h after the last dose. Eicosanoids (PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1α, TXB2, LTB4, LTC4) in synovial fluid were determined by immunoenzy-matic assays. In plasma and synovial fluid, hyaluronic acid was assayed by radiometric assay and sodium naproxen by HPLC. Free drug was determined by equilibrium dialysis. Statistical analysis used nonparametric tests. Pain relief (evaluated on a visual scale), morning stiffness, and scores on the Lee and Ritchie indices all decreased significantly, as did PGE2 and LTB4 concentrations. The decrease in 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 was not significant. No significant change was found for LTC4 and hyaluronic acid. Total concentrations of sodium naproxen were equivalent in plasma (16.1 μg·ml−1) and synovial fluid (18.9 μg·ml−1). Free fractions were significantly higher in synovial fluid (0.14%) than in plasma (0.11 %), as shown by binding of the drug to human serum albumin, at various protein concentrations. Interestingly, the clinical efficacy, as shown by decreases in morning stiffness and in the Lee index score, correlated with the free concentration of naproxen in synovial fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195907
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exercise-induced hypoxaemia in master athletes: effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid diet (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 72 (1995), S. 44-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Alveolar-arterial difference in oxygen ; Exercise test ; Driving component of ventilation ; Cell membrane fluidity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Exercise-induced hypoxaemia (EIH) has been associated with an oxygen diffusion limitation. Because polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) administration can modify cell membrane fluidity, we hypothesized that the importance of EIH could be reduced after a 6-week PUFA diet. Resting pulmonary functions and a maximal cycling test were performed before and after the diet, in eight master athletes [48 (SD 6 years)]. The partial pressure. of O2 in arterial blood (PaO2), alveolar ventilation ( $$\dot V_A $$ ) and ideal alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (P(A i−a)O2) were obtained at each exercise intensity. The extent of EIH at maximal exercise was significantly lower after PUFA [PaO2 −17.2 (SEM 1.9) vs −12.9 (SEM 2.2)]. Before PUFA, $$\dot V_A $$ accounted for 50% of the variance in the fall inP(A i−a) for intensities below 80% maximal oxygen uptake ( $$\dot VO_{2\max } $$ ) andP(A i−a)O2 for 60% between 70% and 100% $$\dot VO_{2\max } $$ . After PUFA, the reduction in EIH was highly correlated (r 2 = 0.85;P 〈 0.001) to resulting changes inP(Aii−a)O2 and resting pulmonary diffusing capacity $$(D_{L_{CO} } )/\dot V_A $$ but not with changes in ideal alveolar partial pressure of oxygen. The improvement in EIH following PUFA could be related to an increase in alveolar-arterial oxygen conductance following improved pulmonary diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964113
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