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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lipoic Acid : Energy Production, Antioxidant Activity and Health Effects. (2008)
    Milton :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Details
    Keywords: Thioctic Acid - therapeutic use. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Unique in its two-fold protective function, alpha-lipoic acid has drawn unprecedented interest for its role as a coenzyme in mitochondrial energy metabolism and as an antioxidant and cell redox modulator. This book covers discoveries in the chemistry, biological action, and significance of alpha-lipoic acid in energy production and health. Section I reviews the molecular structure, biosynthesis, and characterization of lipoic acid. Section II describes metabolic aspects, human pharmacodynamics, energy production, and antioxidant activity. Section III discusses clinical aspects, treatment of metabolic syndromes, and loss of mitochondrial function with lipoic acid supplementation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (558 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781420045390
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=332406
    DDC: 615/.35
    Language: English
    Note: Front cover -- Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface -- Editors -- Contributors -- Section I: Discovery and Molecular Structure -- Chapter 1. A Trail of Research on Lipoic Acid -- Chapter 2. Lipoic Acid Biosynthesis -- Chapter 3. The Search for Potent Alpha-Lipoic Acid Derivatives: Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects -- Chapter 4. Novel Indole Lipoic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis and Their Antioxidant Effects -- Section II: Metabolic Aspects -- Chapter 5. Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes and Glycine Cleavage System: Their Regulation and Involvement in Pathways of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Metabolism -- Chapter 6. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Regulation and Lipoic Acid -- Chapter 7. Role of Lipoyl Domains in the Function and Regulation of Mammalian Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex -- Chapter 8. Inactivation and Inhibition of Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase: Oxidative Modification of Lipoic Acid -- Chapter 9. Lipoate-Protein Ligase A: Structure and Function -- Chapter 10. An Evaluation of the Stability and Pharmacokinetics of R-Lipoic Acid and R-Dihydrolipoic Acid Dosage Forms in Human Plasma from Healthy Subjects -- Chapter 11. Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, and Renal Excretion of Alpha- Lipoic Acid and Its Metabolites in Humans -- Chapter 12. Modulation of Cellular Redox and Metabolic Status by Lipoic Acid -- Chapteer 13. Redoxin Connection of Lipoic Acid -- Chapter 14. Lipoic Acid as an Inducer of Phase II Detoxification Enzymes through Activation of Nrf2-Dependent Gene Expression -- Section III: Clinical Aspects -- Chapter 15. Deficiency Disorders of Components of PDH Complex: E2, E3, and E3BP Deficiencies -- Chapter 16. Relationship between Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Lipoic Acid -- Chapter 17. Effects of Lipoic Acid on Insulin Action in Animal Models of Insulin Resistance. , Chapter 18. Activation of Cytoprotective Signaling Pathways by Alpha-Lipoic Acid -- Chapter 19. Selenotrisulfide Derivatives of Alpha- Lipoic Acid: Potential Use as a Novel Topical Antioxidant -- Chapter 20. Alpha-Lipoic Acid: A Potent Mitochondrial Nutrient for Improving Memory Deficit, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction -- Chapter 21. Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Different Tissues: Therapeutic Implications for the Metabolic Syndrome -- Index -- Back cover.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thiamine : Catalytic Mechanisms in Normal and Disease States. (2003)
    Milton :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Details
    Keywords: Thiamin pyrophosphate-dependent enzymes. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Thiamine: Catalytic Mechanisms in Normal and Disease States covers in thiamine diphosphate (TDP)-requiring enzyme research and details the mechanisms of catalysis and structure-function relationships, as well as pathophysiological aspects of a spectrum of diseases associated with TDP-requiring enzymes. Providing insight into neurogenerative diseases, the volume associates defects in the function of TDP-dependent enzymes with numerous metabolic disorders and disease states and offers novel aspects of thiamine enzymes in chiral synthesis as well as new perspectives on the cellular role of thiamine triphosphate and thiamine triphosphates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (633 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780429223853
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=216470
    DDC: 572.58
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Series Introduction -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Introduction -- 1. Chemical Intermediates in Catalysis by Thiamine Diphosphate -- Part II: Biosynthesis of Thiamine and Its Phosphorylated Terms -- 2. Mechanistic and Structural Studies on Thiamine Biosynthetic Enzymes -- 3. Studies on the Structure and Function of Thiamine Pyrophosphokinase -- 4. New Perspectives on the Cellular Role of Thiamine Triphosphate and Thiamine Triphosphatase -- Part III: Enzymology of Thiamine Diphosphate Enzymes -- 5. How Thiamine Works in Enzymes: Time-Resolved NMR Snapshots of TDP-Dependent Enzymes in Action -- 6. Thiamine-Dependent Enzymes as Catalysts of C-C Bond-Forming Reactions: The Role of "Orphan" Enzymes -- 7. Ligand-Induced Conformational Changes in Thiamine Diphosphate-Dependent Enzymes: Comparison Between Crystal and Solution Structures -- 8. Enantioselective Synthesis of Hydroxy Ketones via Benzoylformate Decarboxylase- and Benzaldehyde Lyase-Catalyzed C-C Bond Formation -- 9. Benzoylformate Decarboxylase: Lessons in Enzymology -- 10. New Concept on the Nature of the Induced Absorption Band of Holotransketolase -- 11. Structure of the a-Carbanion/Enamine Reaction Intermediate in the Active Site of Transketolase, Determined by Kinetic Crystallography -- 12. Yeast Pyruvate Decarboxylase: New Features of the Structure and Mechanism -- 13. Solvent and Carbon Kinetic Isotope Effects on Active-Site and Regulatory-Site Variants of Yeast Pyruvate Decarboxylase -- 14. Insights into the Mechanism and Regulation of Bacterial Acetohydroxyacid Synthases -- 15. Structure and Properties of Acetohydroxyacid Synthase -- 16. Exploring the Substrate Specificity of Benzoylformate Decarboxylase, Pyruvate Decarboxylase, and Benzaldehyde Lyase. , 17. Benzoylformate Decarboxylase: Intermediates, Transition States, and Diversions -- Part IV: Structure and Function of Thiamine Diphosphate Multienzyme Complexes -- 18. Structural and Functional Organization of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complexes -- 19. The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Multienzyme Complex -- 20. Activation and Transfer of Lipoic Acid in Protein Lipoylation in Mammals -- 21. Central Organization of Mammalian Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PD) Complex and Lipoyl Domain-Mediated Activated Function and Control of PD Kinases and Phosphatase 1 -- 22. Physiological Effects of Replacing the PDH Complex of E. coli by Genetically Engineered Variants or by Pyruvate Oxidase -- 23. Structure and Intersubunit Information Transfer in the E. coli Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Multienzyme Complex -- 24. Structure, Function, and Regulation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase -- 25. Three-Dimensional Structures for Components and Domain of the Mammalian Branched-Chain a-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase Complex -- Part V: Biomedical Aspects of Thiamine Diphosphate-Dependent Enzymes -- 26. Variability of Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency -- 27. Kinetic Studies of Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase and Its Mutants: Interactions with Thiamine Pyrophosphate -- 28. The Complexity of Single-Gene Disorders: Lessons from Maple Syrup Urine Disease and Thiamine Responsiveness -- 29. Thiamine Pyrophosphate: An Essential Cofactor in the Mammalian Metabolism of 3-Methyl-Branched Fatty Acids -- 30. Pathogenesis of Selective Neuronal Loss in Wemicke-Korsakoff Syndrome: Role of Oxidative Stress -- 31. Thiamine-Responsive Megaloblastic Anemia Syndrome: Clinical Aspects and Molecular Genetics -- Part VI: Concluding Remarks -- 32. Accomplishments and Future Directions -- Index.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Endocrine and Biochemical Development of the Fetus and Neonate. (1990)
    New York, NY :Springer,
    Details
    Keywords: Fetus-Metabolism-Congresses. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (311 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781461595670
    Series Statement: Reproductive Biology Series
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6554900
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and Properties of Succinyl-CoA:3-Oxo-Acid CoA-Transferase from Rat Brain (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 38 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Rat brain succinyl-CoA:3-oxo-acid CoA-transferase (3-Oxo-acid CoA-transferase, EC 2.8.3.5), the first committed enzyme in the oxidation of ketone bodies in mitochondria, was purified to apparent homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of 90,000 as determined by (3-150 Sephadex chromatography, and an apparent subunit molecular weight of 53,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was approximately 161 μmol/min/mg of protein. Initial velocity studies of the forward reaction (acetoacetate → acetoacetyl-CoA) are consistent with a “ping pong” mechanism. Substrate inhibition appears above approximately 1 mM acetoacetate. Apparent Km, values were 70 μM for acetoacetate and 156 μM for succinyl-CoA (the forward reaction), and 59 μM for acetoacetyl-CoA and 25 mM for succinate (the reverse reaction). These values are markedly different from those reported for this enzyme from pig heart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07924.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the Promoter Regulatory Region of the Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase .beta. Gene (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 1288-1294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00004a023
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and structural brain alterations in female mice with cerebral pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 91 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) deficiency is an inborn metabolic disorder associated with a variety of neurologic abnormalities. This report describes the development and initial characterization of a novel murine model system in which PDC deficiency has been introduced specifically into the developing nervous system. The absence of liveborn male and a roughly 50% reduction in female offspring following induction of the X-linked mutation indicate that extensive deficiency of PDC in the nervous system leads to pre-natal lethality. Brain tissue from surviving females at post-natal days 15 and 35 was shown to have approximately 75% of wild-type PDC activity, suggesting that a threshold of enzyme activity exists for post-natal survival. Detailed histological analyses of brain tissue revealed structural defects such as disordered neuronal cytoarchitecture and neuropil fibers in grey matter, and reduced size of bundles and disorganization of fibers in white matter. Many of the histologic abnormalities resemble those found in human female patients who carry mutations in the X-linked ortholog. These findings demonstrate a requirement for PDC activity within the nervous system for survival in utero and suggest that impaired pyruvate metabolism in the developing brain can affect neuronal migration, axonal growth and cell–cell interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02790.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mice deficient in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase show increased vulnerability to MPTP, malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 88 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Altered energy metabolism, including reductions in activities of the key mitochondrial enzymes α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC) and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), are characteristic of many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase is a critical subunit of KGDHC and PDHC. We tested whether mice that are deficient in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (Dld+/–) show increased vulnerability to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), which have been proposed for use in models of PD and HD. Administration of MPTP resulted in significantly greater depletion of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the substantia nigra of Dld+/– mice than that seen in wild-type littermate controls. Striatal lesion volumes produced by malonate and 3-NP were significantly increased in Dld+/– mice. Studies of isolated brain mitochondria treated with 3-NP showed that both succinate-supported respiration and membrane potential were suppressed to a greater extent in Dld+/– mice. KGDHC activity was also found to be reduced in putamen from patients with HD. These findings provide further evidence that mitochondrial defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02263.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Defects in Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 573 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb15010.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Biology of the Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex: Structural Aspects of the E2 and E3 Components (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 573 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb14990.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple protein-binding domains and functional cis-elements in the 5'-flanking region of the human pyruvate dehydrogenase .alpha.-subunit gene (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 32 (1993), S. 4263-4269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00067a014
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