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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of novel halotolerant and/or halophilic denitrifying bacteria with versatile metabolic pathways for the degradation of trimethylamine (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 225 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Four denitrifying bacteria capable of degrading trimethylamine under both aerobic and denitrifying conditions were newly isolated from coastal sediments and wastewater contaminated by marine water. All strains were in α-Proteobacteria. Strain GP43 was classified as a member of genus Paracoccus, and strain PH32, PH34 and GRP21 were novel organisms with remote phylogenetic position from other genus α-Proteobacteria. Among these four strains were the halophilic strains PH32, PH34 and GRP21, which did not grow in the absence of sodium chloride in culture medium. Cells grown under denitrifying conditions possessed trimethylamine dehydrogenase while cells grown aerobically possessed two different enzymes for oxidation of trimethylamine, trimethylamine dehydrogenase and trimethylamine monooxygenase. The newly isolated strain PH32, PH34 and GRP21 may be the first halophilic bacteria to degrade trimethylamine under denitrifying conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00530-5
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of microalgae isolated from flooded rice paddies: light-limited growth, C fixation, growth efficiency and relative N and P requirement (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 3 (1991), S. 211-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: light-limited growth ; carbon fixation ; growth efficiency ; N:P ratio ; luxury storage ; rice paddy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seven unialgal isolates from rice paddies,Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Chlorella sp.,Scenedesmus quadricauda, Frustulia vulgaris, Anabaena sp.,Microcystis aeruginosa andPhormidium mucicola, were investigated for their light-limited growth and photosynthetic characteristics, growth efficiency, and relative requirement for N and P as well as their storage potentials. The maximum growth rate (μmax) ranged from 1.27 to 2.72 d−1 among species. The slope of light-limited growth (αg) showed only small interspecies differences (0.126–0.204 d−1 W−1 m2) except inS. quadricauda (0.092 d−1 W−1 m2). Similarly, the ratio of μmax to αg, Ik(g), varied within a narrow range (8.7–13.9 W m−2) with the exception ofS. quadricauda (19.5 W m−2). The slope of the photosynthetic curve based on chlorophylla (chla), αp(a), was significantly higher in cyanobacteria (0.118–0.189 mg C mg chla −1h−1W−1m2) than in other species (0.070–0.094 mg C mg chla −1h−1W−1m2). The maximum photosynthetic rate based on chla (Pmax(a)) was similar (2.95–3.83 mg C mg chla −1 h−1) with the exception of a high value (6.17 mg C mg chla −1 h−1) inM. aeruginosa. A significant correlation (P〈0.001) existed between αp(a) and Pmax(a). The C-specific maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax(c)) was inversely correlated to the C/chla ratio. Growth efficiency (μeff), the efficiency to retain photosynthetically-fixed C for growth, showed an interspecies variation ranging from 73–93% and was correlated to the μmax:Pmax(c) ratio. Cyanobacteria exhibited higher efficiency than others. The ratio of Pmax:αp, Ik(p), was higher than Ik(g) by 2.0 to 3.8 times. The optimum N:P ratio, determined as the ratio of minimum cell quotas of N to P (qoN:qoP), showed a wide interspecies variability. It was highest inP. mucicola (54) and lowest inF. vulgaris (10). The maximum storage capacity for excess P and N also varied among species; the maximum capacity for P ranged from 2 to 14 times of its immediate need and the capacity for N varied from 1.2 to 4 times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00003579
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen and carbon fixation byAnabaena sp. isolated from a rice paddy and grown under P and light limitations (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 3 (1991), S. 335-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: nitrogen fixation ; light limitation ; phosphorus limitation ; cyanobacteria ; Anabaena sp. ; rice paddy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Anabaena sp., isolated from a rice paddy, was investigated for its nitrogen fixation as measured by acetylene reduction activity (ARA) in P-limited continuous and light-limited semi-continuous cultures. Growth rate (μ) under P limitation was a function of cell P content (q p). Both the photosynthetic capacity (Pmax) and photosynthetic efficiency (α) increased with μ when expressed per cell, but not per unit chla. The ARA of steady-state cells under P limitation increased with μ and was linearly related to C-fixation rate. This was apparently a consequence of the control of C-fixation by P limitation. In light-limited cells, steady state ARA, both at the culture light intensity and in the dark, increased asymptotically with μ, but the activity in the dark was only about 51% of that in the light. When the light level of steady-state cells grown at a high in intensity was switched to a low level, ARA decreased exponentially with time. Dark ARA activity also showed a similar decline, but at much lower levels. Thus, ARA depended not only on light history, but also immediate photosynthesis. Steady-state ARA at the ambient intensity or in the dark showed a strong correlation with14C-fixation rate. ARA of light-limited cells showed the same light-saturation characteristics as their14C-fixation, with the same initial saturation intensity,I k. The ratios of Pmax to the maximum ARA (ARAmax), and α to the slope of ARA (αara) were identical. A comparison of gross to net photosynthesis and N2 fixation suggested that there was little leakage or excretion of fixed C or N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026096
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen and carbon fixation byAnabaena sp. isolated from a rice paddy and grown under P and light limitations (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 3 (1991), S. 335-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: nitrogen fixation ; light limitation ; phosphorus limitation ; cyanobacteria ; Anabaena sp. ; rice paddy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Anabaena sp., isolated from a rice paddy, was investigated for its nitrogen fixation as measured by acetylene reduction activity (ARA) in P-limited continuous and light-limited semi-continuous cultures. Growth rate (μ) under P limitation was a function of cell P content (q p). Both the photosynthetic capacity (Pmax) and photosynthetic efficiency (α) increased with μ when expressed per cell, but not per unit chla. The ARA of steady-state cells under P limitation increased with μ and was linearly related to C-fixation rate. This was apparently a consequence of the control of C-fixation by P limitation. In light-limited cells, steady state ARA, both at the culture light intensity and in the dark, increased asymptotically with μ, but the activity in the dark was only about 51% of that in the light. When the light level of steady-state cells grown at a high in intensity was switched to a low level, ARA decreased exponentially with time. Dark ARA activity also showed a similar decline, but at much lower levels. Thus, ARA depended not only on light history, but also immediate photosynthesis. Steady-state ARA at the ambient intensity or in the dark showed a strong correlation with14C-fixation rate. ARA of light-limited cells showed the same light-saturation characteristics as their14C-fixation, with the same initial saturation intensity,I k. The ratios of Pmax to the maximum ARA (ARAmax), and α to the slope of ARA (αara) were identical. A comparison of gross to net photosynthesis and N2 fixation suggested that there was little leakage or excretion of fixed C or N.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02392887
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of sfp gene and hydrocarbon degradation by Bacillus subtilis (2000)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 22 (2000), S. 1431-1436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: Bacillus subtilis ; DNA ; sfp gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bacillus subtilis C9 produces a lipopeptide-type biosurfactant, surfactin, and rapidly degrades alkanes up to a chain length of C19. The nucleotide sequence of the sfp gene cloned from B. subtilis C9 was determined and its deduced amino acid sequence showed 100% homology with the sfp gene reported before [Nakano et al. (1992) Mol. Gen. Genet. 232: 313–321]. To transform a non-surfactin producer, B. subtilis 168, to a surfactin producer, the sfp gene cloned from B. subtilis C9 was expressed in B. subtilis 168. The transformed B. subtilis SB103 derivative of the strain 168 was shown to produce surfactin measured by its decrease in surface tension, emulsification activity, and TLC analysis of the surface active compound isolated from the culture broth. Like B. subtilis C9, B. subtilis SB103 containing sfp gene readily degraded aliphatic hydrocarbons (C10−19), though its original strain did not. The addition of surfactin (0.5%, w/v) to the culture of B. subtilis 168 significantly stimulated the biodegradation of hydrocarbons of the chain lengths of 10–19; over 98% of the hydrocarbons tested were degraded within 24 h of incubation. These results indicate that the lipopeptide-type biosurfactant, surfactin produced from B. subtilis enhances the bioavailability of hydrophobic hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005675231949
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid method for the determination of lipid from the green alga Botryococcus braunii (1998)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 12 (1998), S. 553-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Of various methods for lipid recovery in Botryococcus braunii UTEX 572, the most effective method was disruption of the cells with a bead-beater followed by extraction with chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v). This gave a lipid content of 28.6% of dry wt. There was a significant relationship between in vivo fluorescence of cells stained with Nile Red and lipid content in B. braunii determined gravimetrically (r2 = 0.997). This suggested that the Nile Red staining as a rapid method was as good as the gravimetric method commonly used for lipid determination which requires toxic solvents and considerable time-consuming manipulations. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008811716448
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