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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of sulfonamides by liquid chromatography, ultraviolet diode array detection and ion-spray tandem mass spectrometry with application to cultured salmon flesh
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 558 (1991), S. 155-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0021-9673(91)80121-V
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nitrogen on the yield response of Pennisetum americanum, Triticum aestivum and Zea mays to inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense under temperate conditions (1987)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 4 (1987), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Azospirillum brasilense ; Inoculation ; Nitrogen-fixation ; Effect on yield ; Acetylene reduction assay (ARA) ; Pennisetum americanum ; Riticum aestivum ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A nitrate-respiring strain, a denitrifying strain, and a non-nitrogen-fixing strain of Azospirillum brasilense were compared for their effect on the growth of pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays) under temperate conditions in nitrogen-limited pot cultures. Increases in yield of Z. mays shoots occurred with all three strains when inoculation coincided with the addition of low levels of combined nitrogen. The inoculation of A. brasilense did not show any effect on the yield of P. americanum and T. aestivum. Increased numbers of A. brasilense became associated with Z. mays roots following the addition of low levels of combined nitrogen. Low and very variable rates of acetylene reduction activity were observed from excised roots of inoculated Z. mays plants without preincubation. Results indicate that inoculation of cereals with A. brasilense under temperate conditions has only a limited effect on plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280353
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sulfur supply on sulfate uptake, and alkaline sulfatase activity in free-living and symbiotic bradyrhizobia (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 149 (1987), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alkaline sulfatase ; Bradyrhizobium ; Continuous culture ; Peanut bacteroids ; Soybean bacteroids ; Sulfate uptake ; Sulfur supply
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of sulfur limitation on sulfate transport and metabolism was studied in four bradyrhizobia strains using sulfur-limited and sulfur-excess chemostat cultures. Characteristics of bradyrhizobia associated with sulfurlimitation were determined and these parameters used to bioassay the sulfur status of bacteroids in nodules on sulfur adequate or sulfur deficient soybean and peanut plants. Sulfur-limited cells took up sulfate 16- to 100-fold faster than sulfur-rich cells. The sulfate-uptake system appeared similar in all strains with apparent K m values ranging from 3.1 μM to 20 μM sulfate with maximum activities between 1.6 and 10 nmol·min-1·mg-1 protein of cells. Sulfate-limited cells of all strains derepressed the enzyme alkaline sulfatase in parallel with the derepression of the sulfate transport system. Similarly, the initial enzyme of sulfate assimilation (ATP sulfurylase) was fully derepressed in sulfur-limited cultures. Bacteroids isolated from sulfur adequate and sulfur deficient soybean and peanut possessed very limited sulfate uptake activity and low levels of activity of ATP sulfurylase as well as lacking alkaline sulfatase activity. These results indicate bacteriods have access to adequate sulfur to meet their requirements even when the host plant is sulfur-deficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425083
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences between Bradyrhizobium strains NC92 and TAL1000 in their nodulation and nitrogen fixation with peanut in iron deficient soil (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 155-156 (1993), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Arachis hypogaea ; Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) ; (L.), Fe deficiency ; Fe-efficient strains ; N2 fixation ; nodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of Bradyrhizobium (strains NC92 and TAL1000) and Fe supply on nodulation and nitrogen fixation of two peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (cv. Tainan 9 (Fe inefficient) and cv. 71-234 (Fe efficient)) grown under Fe deficient conditions (imposed by adding 40% CaCO3 to a ferruginous soil) were examined in a glasshouse experiment. When inoculated with TAL1000 without Fe, both cultivars had low shoot N concentration, very low nodule numbers and weight and no measurable acetylene reduction activity per plant. Inoculation with NC92 without Fe increased all these parameters substantially; addition of Fe with NC92 had no further effect on N concentration but doubled nodule number, weight and acetylene reduction activity per plant. Addition of Fe with TAL1000 increased all parameters to the same level as Fe+NC92, indicating that the poorer nodulation and N2 fixation of TAL1000 in the absence of Fe, resulted from a poorer ability in getting its Fe supply from the alkaline soil. The nodules from all treatments with measurable activity had the same specific acetylene reduction activity suggesting that Fe deficiency limited nodule development. The results support previous suggestions that Bradyrhizobium strains differ greatly in their ability to obtain Fe from soils and that selection of Fe efficient strains could complement plant breeding in the selection of legume crops for Fe deficient soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025050
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of low molybdenum seed on nodule initiation, development and N2 fixation in black gram (Vigna mungo L.) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 155-156 (1993), S. 345-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bacteroid ; black gram (Vigna mungo L.) ; leghaemoglobin ; molybdenum ; nodule initiation ; N2 fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In legumes, both increases and decreases in nodule number in response to Mo deficiency have been reported, but reasons for the different responses have not been proposed. The present study examined nodule initiation and development in black gram seedlings using two levels of seed Mo to induce Mo deficiency. In the first 11 days after inoculation, low levels of Mo in seed had no effect on nodule initiation or the number of nodules. At 13 days after inoculation, low Mo in seed depressed bacteroid concentration, leghaemoglobin concentration, nodule number and nodule fresh weight. Acetylene reduction activity was delayed by 2 days in plants grown from low Mo seed. We suggest that the delay in N2 fixation in plants grown from low Mo seed was due to slower incorporation of Mo of soil origin into nitrogenase. We further suggest that restricted supply of essential metabolites to the nodules on plants from low Mo seed resulted in the slower maturation of early initiated nodules and the repression of formation of new nodules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025053
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  • 6
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    Comparison of Modeling Methods to Determine Liver-to-blood Inocula and Parasite Multiplication Rates During Controlled Human Malaria Infection (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-06-19
    Description: Controlled human malaria infection is used to measure efficacy of candidate malaria vaccines before field studies are undertaken. Mathematical modeling using data from quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) parasitemia monitoring can discriminate between vaccine effects on the parasite's liver and blood stages. Uncertainty regarding the most appropriate modeling method hinders interpretation of such trials. We used qPCR data from 267 Plasmodium falciparum infections to compare linear, sine-wave, and normal-cumulative-density-function models. We find that the parameters estimated by these models are closely correlated, and their predictive accuracy for omitted data points was similar. We propose that future studies include the linear model.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1899
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-6613
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA).
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  • 7
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    Detection of high incidence of Riata lead breaches by systematic postero-anterior and lateral chest X-ray in a large cohort (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    In: Europace
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-22
    Description: Aims Insulation breaches with externalization of conductor cables have been described for St-Jude Medical Riata™ defibrillation leads. Published data on the incidence of Riata lead abnormalities are quite heterogeneous. The objective of this study was to estimate systematically the prevalence of lead abnormalities using a postero-anterior (PA) and lateral chest X-ray (CXR). Methods and results From 2002 to 2008, 552 Riata defibrillation leads were implanted at our centre. We evaluated patients for potential insulation breaches. A PA and lateral CXR was obtained. Chest X-rays were reviewed by two electrophysiologists using a zooming function with magnification up to factor 7.5 and were classified as normal or abnormal for the presence of conductor externalization. A total of 284 patients were included. Riata lead models were 1570, 1580, 1582, 1590, 1592, 7000, 7002, and 7022. The total frequency of radiological lead defects was 24.3%. Insulation breaches occurred at zones of major lead curvature. Mean maximal spacing between extruding lead components was 3.6 ± 1.9 mm (range 2.0–12.4). Abnormal CXRs were more frequent in 8F leads (31.4% vs. 6.3%; P 〈 0.001). Most defects occurred with lead models 1582 (41.2%) and 1580 (31.4%). Mean time since implantation was longer in abnormal leads (6.7 vs. 5.9 years; P 〈 0.001). Abnormal leads had higher pacing thresholds (1.1 ± 0.8 V vs. 0.9 ± 0.4 V; P = 0.02). Conclusion The incidence of insulation breach in Riata leads is much higher than quoted by the manufacturer or reported by most of the literature. A PA and lateral CXR with zooming appears adequate to identify lead breaches when reviewed by an electrophysiologist. Riata lead breaches without electrical abnormalities present a management dilemma and will require further studies.
    Print ISSN: 1099-5129
    Electronic ISSN: 1532-2092
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    A Novel Murine Cytomegalovirus Vaccine Vector Protects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis [IMMUNOTHERAPY AND VACCINES] (2014)
    The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-16
    Description: Tuberculosis remains a global health problem so that a more effective vaccine than bacillus Calmette–Guérin is urgently needed. Cytomegaloviruses persist lifelong in vivo and induce powerful immune and increasing ("inflationary") responses, making them attractive vaccine vectors. We have used an m1–m16-deleted recombinant murine CMV (MCMV) expressing Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag 85A to show that infection of mice with this recombinant significantly reduces the mycobacterial load after challenge with M. tuberculosis , whereas control empty virus has a lesser effect. Both viruses induce immune responses to H-2 d –restricted epitopes of MCMV pp89 and M18 Ags characteristic of infection with other MCMVs. A low frequency of 85A-specific memory cells could be revealed by in vivo or in vitro boosting or after challenge with M. tuberculosis. Kinetic analysis of M. tuberculosis growth in the lungs of CMV-infected mice shows early inhibition of M. tuberculosis growth abolished by treatment with NK-depleting anti–asialo ganglio- N -tetraosylceramide Ab. Microarray analysis of the lungs of naive and CMV-infected mice shows increased IL-21 mRNA in infected mice, whereas in vitro NK assays indicate increased levels of NK activity. These data indicate that activation of NK cells by MCMV provides early nonspecific protection against M. tuberculosis, potentiated by a weak 85A-specific T cell response, and they reinforce the view that the innate immune system plays an important role in both natural and vaccine-induced protection against M. tuberculosis .
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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  • 9
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    A New Model for CD8+ T Cell Memory Inflation Based upon a Recombinant Adenoviral Vector [INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND HOST RESPONSE] (2013)
    The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-06
    Description: CD8 + T cell memory inflation, first described in murine CMV (MCMV) infection, is characterized by the accumulation of high-frequency, functional Ag-specific CD8 + T cell pools with an effector-memory phenotype and enrichment in peripheral organs. Although persistence of Ag is considered essential, the rules underpinning memory inflation are still unclear. The MCMV model is, however, complicated by the virus’s low-level persistence and stochastic reactivation. We developed a new model of memory inflation based on a β-galactosidase (βgal)–recombinant adenovirus vector. After i.v. administration in C57BL/6 mice, we observed marked memory inflation in the βgal 96 epitope, whereas a second epitope, βgal 497 , undergoes classical memory formation. The inflationary T cell responses show kinetics, distribution, phenotype, and functions similar to those seen in MCMV and are reproduced using alternative routes of administration. Memory inflation in this model is dependent on MHC class II. As in MCMV, only the inflating epitope showed immunoproteasome independence. These data define a new model for memory inflation, which is fully replication independent, internally controlled, and reproduces the key immunologic features of the CD8 + T cell response. This model provides insight into the mechanisms responsible for memory inflation and, because it is based on a vaccine vector, also is relevant to novel T cell–inducing vaccines in humans.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1767
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-6606
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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