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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin benefits from continuous topical administration of a zinc oxide/petrolatum formulation by a novel disposable diaper (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Diaper dermatitis is a common childhood affliction. Aiming to help reduce the prevalence of this problem, we have advanced in our development of a novel diaper that delivers dermatological formulations to help protect the skin from over-hydration and irritation.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ObjectiveTo determine the clinical benefits of a novel disposable diaper designed to deliver a zinc oxide and petrolatum-based formulation continuously to the skin during use.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉MethodsAll studies were independent, blinded, randomized clinical trials. Study A was conducted to confirm transfer of the zinc oxide/petrolatum (ZnO/Pet) formulation from the diaper to the child’s skin during use. Children wore a single diaper for 3 h or multiple diapers for 24 h. After the use period, stratum corneum samples were taken from each child and analysed for ZnO/Pet. Study B evaluated the prevention of skin irritation and barrier damage from a standard skin irritant (SLS) in an adult arm model. Study C evaluated skin erythema and diaper rash in 268 infants over a 4-week usage period. One half of the infants used the ZnO/Pet diaper, while the other half used a control diaper that was identical except for the absence of the ZnO/Pet formulation.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉ResultsThe ointment formulation and ZnO transferred effectively from the diaper to the child’s skin during product use. Transfer of ZnO increased from 4.2 µg/cm2 at 3 h to 〉 8 µg/cm2 at 24 h. Exposure to the formulations directly on adult skin prior to an irritant challenge was associated with up to a 3.5 reduction in skin barrier damage and skin erythema. Greatest reductions were seen for the ZnO containing formulations. Wearing of the formulation treated diaper was also associated with a significant reduction in skin erythema and diaper rash compared to the control product.〈section xml:id="abs1-6"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsThe results demonstrated the clinical benefits associated with continuous topical administration of a zinc oxide/petrolatum-based formulation by this novel diaper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0926-9959.2001.00002.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Community Organization in Marine Algal Epifaunas (1981)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 12 (1981), S. 49-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4162
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.12.110181.000405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Acridine Compounds on the Respiration of the Brain of the Six-Day Chick Embryo (1949)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 163 (1949), S. 405-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN relating the effect of certain acridines on mitosis to that on respiration, the inhibition of the oxygen consumption of the isolated brain of the six-day chick embryo by these compounds has been measured. It is thought that a note on these results would be of interest as a comparison with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/163405b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and Aerobic Glycolysis in the Retina of the Chicken Embryo (1952)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 169 (1952), S. 246-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Until the eighth day of incubation, the rate of growth of the eye (and, it is assumed, of the retina) decreases similarly to the rate of aerobic glycolysis, suggesting the relationship found in the midbrain. This relationship does not hold after the eighth day, as there is a rise in the rate of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/169246a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Niche breadth in Bryozoa as a test of competition theory (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 307-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Intraspecific competition should result in an increase in the range of a resource spectrum used by a species, as at high population levels the advantages to any individual of being at the competition-free optimum of a resource gradient are offset by the intense intraspecific competition found there ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256307a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and Axon Formation in the Midbrain of the Chicken Embryo (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 131-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] It is thus of interest to inquire whether equivalent phases occur in the development of nerve cells the axons of which remain within the central nervous system and which cannot regenerate. In the chicken embryo, such cells are found in the dorsal region of the midbrain vesicle which contributes to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171131a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycogen in the Dividing Cells of the Liver of the Chicken Embryo (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 172 (1953), S. 678-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Glycogen can be demonstrated histologically in the liver of the chicken embryo at the end of the seventh day of incubation3. In the present investigations the liver was removed from the embryo during the eighth and ninth days and immediately fixed in Carnoy's fluid. Sections were stained for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/172678b0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of D -Tubocurarine Chloride and Carbaminoylcholine on the Respiration of Daphnia (1950)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 166 (1950), S. 441-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Carbaminoylcholine increases respiration and movement in a concentration of 0-01 mgm./lOO ml. The increase of respiration reaches a maximum of 190 per cent normal between the concentrations of 1 and 10 mgm./lOO ml., when movement is considerably increased. Higher concentrations produce, smaller ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/166441a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prey depletion and foraging strategy in the Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus (1977)
    Springer
    Oecologia 27 (1977), S. 75-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The responses of a population of Oystercatchers to their own depletion of their prey, the edible cockle Cerastoderma edule, have been examined in Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland., Cockle stocks were severely depleted each winter as a result of predation by Oystercatchers and about half the birds present in October in the main study area had left by March: the reduction was greater when the initial population of Oystercatchers was high than when it was low. Oystercatchers were initially widespread around the Lough but tended to aggregate by January into a few good sites. Within each site annual differences in the location of feeding effort were correlated with year to year variation in the location of second winter cockles. Within the feeding areas in a bay the birds apparently hunted in the short-term on the basis of expectation, ceasing to crop, the densest cockle beds once an average yield for the area has been removed; this yield was apparently estimated from the local density of the anvils on which captured cockles were broken open. This effect led to marginal areas being depleted of cockles more rapidly than high density areas, so that the birds gradually concentrated their hunting onto an increasingly restricted area of the bay. The birds initially took only second winter and larger cockles but by late winter cockle densities had fallen so much that smaller cockles were accepted: areas previously abandoned or unused for hunting were then economically viable because of the reduced expectations of the birds and were incorporated into the feeding areas. These results are seen as consistent with Royama's profitability theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345686
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of a new thermostable neutral α-galactosidase from a strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 1227-1243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An intracellular, thermostable, neutral α-galactosidase (α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase EC 3.2.1.32) was produced in pilot plant quantities from a strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The organism was cultured at 50°C in a soluble neutral medium containing water extract of soybean meal (3%) and 0.5% yeast extract. The enzyme biosynthesis was inducible and sensitive to catabolite repression. After autolysis of the cells, the α-galactosidase was selectively and quantitatively complexed from clarified beer directly onto DEAE Sephadex; and enzyme-rich fractions were batchwise eluted with an increasing gradient of NaCl solutions. The eluates were given two consecutive isopropyl alcohol precipitations, and the aqueous solutions of the second precipitate were dialyzed and lyophilized. Final product activity recovery was 72% based on the crude fermentation beer. Best specific activity was 5.2 u/mg protein. Further laboratory purification (DEAE Sephadex and Bio-Gel P200) yielded a product with 14.2 u/mg protein.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260160907
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