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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Fap1 fimbrial adhesin is a glycoprotein: antibodies specific for the glycan moiety block the adhesion of Streptococcus parasanguis in an in vitro tooth model (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Molecular microbiology 43 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Streptococcus parasanguis is a primary colonizer of the tooth surface and plays a pivotal role in the formation of dental plaque. The fimbriae of S. parasanguis are important in mediating adhesion to saliva-coated hydroxylapatite (SHA), an in vitro tooth adhesion model. The Fap1 adhesin has been identified as the major fimbrial subunit, and recent studies suggest that Fap1 is a glycoprotein. Monosaccharide analysis of Fap1 purified from the culture supernatant of S. parasanguis indicated the presence of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine. A glycopeptide moiety was isolated from a pronase digest of Fap1 and purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. The monosaccharide composition of the purified glycopeptide was similar to that of the intact molecule. The functionality of the glycan moiety was determined using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for the intact Fap1 glycoprotein. These antibodies were grouped into two categories based on their ability to block adhesion of S. parasanguis to SHA and their corresponding specificity for either protein or glycan epitopes of the Fap1 protein. ‘Non-blocking’ MAb epitopes were mapped to unique protein sequences in the N-terminus of the Fap1 protein using non-glycosylated recombinant Fap1 proteins (rFap1 and drFap1) expressed in Escherichia coli. In contrast, the ‘blocking’ antibodies did not bind to the recombinant Fap1 proteins, and were effectively competed by the binding to the purified glycopeptide. These data suggest that the ‘blocking’ antibodies are specific for the glycan moiety and that the adhesion of S. parasanguis is mediated by sugar residues associated with Fap1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02725.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathogenic potential of galactose-deficient IgA1 in IgA nephropathy (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 7 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY: Recent studies have demonstrated that immune complexes (IC) in the circulation and mesangial deposits in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients contain IgA1 molecules deficient in galactose (Gal) in their O-linked hinge-region-associated glycans. Due to this Gal deficiency, terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GaINAc) in these side chains is recognized by naturally occurring IgG and IgA1 antibodies as an antigenic determinant responsible for the formation of IC. Thus, IgAN can be classified as one of several human autoimmune diseases in which glycan aberrancies play a pathogenic role. In a rare disease, Tn syndrome, terminal GaINAc on cell surface glycoproteins of erythrocytes, platelets, lymphocytes, and/or monocytes is recognized by GaINAc-specific antibodies, resulting in their in vitro agglutination and in vivo manifestations (anaemia and thrombocytopenia). However, the antigenic determinants and corresponding antibodies in Tn syndrome differ from those of IgAN. the Tn antigen is composed of three adjacent GaINAc residues, a configuration not present in the IgA1 hinge region. the anti-Tn antibodies are of the IgM isotype while GaINAc-specific antibodies in IgAN patients are of the IgG and IgA1 isotypes. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies to the Tn antigen and sialylated Tn antigens (NeuAcα2,6GaINAc) do not react with intact or glycan-modified IgA1 myeloma proteins. Antibodies to GaINAc are present in cord blood (devoid of IgM and IgA1) and in purified serum IgG. the true antigen (Gal-deficient IgA1)-antibody (IgG or IgA1) interaction, rather than nonspecific aggregation, was demonstrated by the dissociation of circulating IC from IgAN patients at acid pH but not in high-salt concentrations, and the in vitro reassociation at neutral pH (and its inhibition by de-galactosylated IgA1). the binding of anti-GaINAc antibodies to Gal-deficient IgA1 profoundly influences the catabolism and tissue distribution of the IgA1. the masking of GaINAc residues by corresponding antibodies diminishes binding to the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) specific for terminal Gal and GaINAc residues of glycoproteins, and results in the deposition of IgA1-containing IC deposit in the renal mesangium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.2002.tb00517.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathogenic potential of galactose-deficient IgA1 in IgA nephropathy (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Nephrology 7 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY: Recent studies have demonstrated that immune complexes (IC) in the circulation and mesangial deposits in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients contain IgA1 molecules deficient in galactose (Gal) in their O-linked hinge-region-associated glycans. Due to this Gal deficiency, terminal n-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) in these side chains is recognized by naturally occurring IgG and IgA1 antibodies as an antigenic determinant responsible for the formation of IC. Thus, IgAN can be classified as one of several human autoimmune diseases in which glycan aberrancies play a pathogenic role. In a rare disease, Tn syndrome, terminal GalNAc on cell surface glycoproteins of erythrocytes, platelets, lymphocytes, and/or monocytes is recognized by GalNAc-specific antibodies, resulting in their in vitro agglutination and in vivo manifestations (anaemia and thrombocytopenia). However, the antigenic determinants and corresponding antibodies in Tn syndrome differ from those of IgAN. The Tn antigen is composed of three adjacent GalNAc residues, a configuration not present in the IgA1 hinge region. The anti-Tn antibodies are of the IgM isotype while GalNAc-specific antibodies in IgAN patients are of the IgG and IgA1 isotypes. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies to the Tn antigen and sialylated Tn antigens (NeuAcα2,6GalNAc) do not react with intact or glycan-modified IgA1 myeloma proteins. Antibodies to GalNAc are present in cord blood (devoid of IgM and IgA1) and in purified serum IgG. The true antigen (Gal-deficient IgA1)–antibody (IgG or IgA1) interaction, rather than non-specific aggregation, was demonstrated by the dissociation of circulating IC from IgAN patients at acid pH but not in high-salt concentrations, and the in vitro reassociation at neutral pH (and its inhibition by de-galactosylated IgA1). The binding of anti-GalNAc antibodies to Gal-deficient IgA1 profoundly influences the catabolism and tissue distribution of the IgA1. The masking of GalNAc residues by corresponding antibodies diminishes binding to the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) specific for terminal Gal and GalNAc residues of glycoproteins, and results in the deposition of IgA1-containing IC deposit in the renal mesangium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.7.s3.3.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen regulation of fatty acids and avermectins biosynthesis in Streptomyces avermitilis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 93 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fatty acid composition was analysed in the producer of avermectins, Streptomyces avermitilis C-18 grown in chemically defined medium with different nitrogen sources. Significant differences in nitrogen regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis were found in this strain in comparison with other streptomycetes studied so far. This finding could be explained at the level of regulation of branched-chain amino acid metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05040.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-Acetyl-isoleucine in Streptomyces avermitilis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 94 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract N-Acetyl-isoleucine was identified during growth of Streptomyces avermitilis in a chemically defined medium supplemented with isoleucine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05294.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of amino acid substitutions in conserved residues in the leader peptide on biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mutacin II (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 195 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The lantibiotic mutacin II, produced by Streptococcus mutans T8, is a ribosomally synthesized peptide antibiotic that contains thioether amino acids such as lanthionine and methyllanthionine as a result of post-translational modifications. The mutacin II leader peptide sequence shares a number of identical amino acid residues with class AII lantibiotic leader peptides. To study the role of these conservative residues in the production of active antimicrobial mutacin, 15 mutations were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. The effects of these substitutions vary from no effect to complete block-out. Mutations G-1A, G-2A, I-4D, and L-7K completely blocked the production of mature mutacin. Other mutations (I-4V, L-7M, E-8D, S-11T/A, V-12I/A, and E-13D) had no detectable effect on mutacin production. The changes of Glu-8 to Lys, Val-12 to Leu, Glu-13 to Lys reduced the mutacin production level to about 75%, 50%, and 10% of the wild-type, respectively. Thus, our data indicated that some of these conserved residues are essential for the mutacin biosynthesis, whereas others are important for optimal biosynthesis rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10511.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of avermectins and lipids in Streptomyces avermitilis (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 70 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A quantitative and temporal correlation was found between the production of avermectins and lipids in Streptomyces avermitilis grown in defined media. The lipid fractions contained mostly triglycerides and phospholipids. A significant increase in the content of avermectins and triglycerides was observed during the stationary phase. The syntheses of both of these compounds stopped simultaneously with the depletion of glucose from medium. The results indicate that systems synthesizing avermectins and fatty acids could be competing for common precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb13991.x
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  • 8
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    Aminopolymer Mobility and Support Interactions in Silica-PEI Composites for CO2 Capture Applications: A Quasielastic Neutron Scattering Study (2017)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-24
    Description: The Journal of Physical Chemistry B DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04106
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5207
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 9
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    The decrease in number and change in phenotype of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in the elderly and differences in males and females of reproductive age (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-22
    Description: Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells comprising up to 10% of the peripheral blood T cells in humans. During ontogeny, MAIT cells can first be detected in the cord blood in low amounts, but rise steadily after birth. In this population-based study, we show that their counts continue to increase, reaching maximal levels (4.5% of CD3 + cells, 65 cells/ μ l) in the third and fourth decenniums. At this age, the amounts of MAIT cells exhibit the highest inter-individual variability. The values then dramatically decline; subjects 80 years old and older have on average 10 times less MAIT cells, both absolutely and as a percentage among CD3 + T cells, than subjects in fertile age. The senescence of MAIT cells is associated with decreased CD8/double negative (DN) ratio. Finally, we observed significantly higher amounts of MAIT cells in females of reproductive age than in males of the same age. Our data suggests that further studies aimed at elucidating a role of MAIT cells in human pathologies must recruit age- and gender- matched controls. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0300-9475
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-3083
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    Mg Isotope Inter-Laboratory Comparison of Reference Materials from Earth-Surface Low-Temperature Environments (2018)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: To enable quality control of measurement procedures for determinations of Mg isotope amount ratios, expressed as δ 26 Mg and δ 25 Mg values, in Earth-surface studies, the δ 26 Mg and δ 25 Mg values of eight reference materials (RMs) were determined by inter-laboratory comparison between five laboratories and considering published data, if available. These matrix RMs, including river water SLRS-5, spring water NIST SRM 1640a, Dead Sea brine DSW-1, dolomites JDo-1 and CRM 512, limestone CRM 513, soil NIST SRM 2709a and vegetation NIST SRM 1515 apple leaves, are representative for a wide range of Earth-surface materials from low-temperature environments. The inter-laboratory variability, 2 s (twice the standard deviation), of all eight RMs ranges from 0.05 to 0.17‰ in δ 26 Mg. Thus, it is suggested that all these materials are suitable for validation of δ 26 Mg and δ 25 Mg determinations of Earth-surface geochemical studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1639-4488
    Electronic ISSN: 1751-908X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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