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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Concepts in Toxicology. (2009)
    La Vergne :Royal Society of Chemistry, The,
    Details
    Keywords: Toxicology. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: This one-stop reference is for those who need to understand key toxicological concepts in the light of increasing chemical regulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (189 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781847559753
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1185389
    DDC: 615.90014
    Language: English
    Note: Concepts in Toxicology -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Structure of the Book -- Concept Groups -- Concept Group 1. Concepts Applying to Fundamental Principles of Toxicology -- Subgroup A - Exposure and Toxicity -- 1.1 Acute and Chronic -- 1.2 Interaction -- 1.3 Dose -- 1.4 Adverse Effect and Toxicity -- 1.5 Toxicity Classification, Labelling and Material Safety Data Sheets -- 1.6 Terms Applied to Toxic Substances -- Subgroup B - Hazard and Risk Assessment -- 1.7 Hazard -- 1.8 Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) -- 1.9 Risk -- 1.10 Risk Assessment, Risk Management and Safety -- Concept Group 2. Concepts Applying to Molecular and Cellular Toxicology -- 2.1 Speciation: Chemical and Biological -- 2.2 Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability (See also Section 4.5) -- 2.3 Carrier -- 2.4 Biotransformation -- 2.5 Reactive Oxygen Species -- 2.6 Aerobic and Anaerobic -- 2.7 Mutagenicity -- 2.8 Carcinogenicity -- 2.9 Pharmacogenetics and Toxicogenetics -- 2.10 Epigenetics -- 2.11 Genomics, Proteomics and Related Terms -- 2.12 Apoptosis and Other Modes of Cell Death -- Concept Group 3. Concepts Applying to Whole Organism Toxicology -- 3.1 Benchmark Concentration and Dose -- 3.2 Absorption -- 3.3 Compartment -- 3.4 Volume of Distribution -- 3.5 Half-life -- 3.6 Biological Monitoring (Biomonitoring) -- 3.7 Local and Systemic Effects -- 3.8 Biomarker -- 3.9 Deterministic (Nonstochastic) and Stochastic Effects -- 3.10 Effect and Response -- 3.11 Teratogenicity -- 3.12 Reproductive Toxicity (See also Sections 3.11 and 4.3) -- 3.13 Immunotoxicity, Immunosuppression and Hypersensitivity -- 3.14 Elimination and Clearance -- Concept Group 4. Concepts Applying to Environmental Toxicology -- 4.1 Persistence -- 4.2 Nanoparticles and Ultrafine Particles -- 4.3 Endocrine Modification -- 4.4 Rate in Toxicology -- 4.5 Ecotoxicology. , Abbreviations, Acronyms and Initialisms -- Subject Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Concepts in Toxicology : Explanatory Dictionary of Key Terms. (2009)
    La Vergne :RSC,
    Details
    Keywords: Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: This one-stop reference is for those who need to understand key toxicological concepts in the light of increasing chemical regulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (189 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781847559753
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=7424129
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Concepts in toxicology : Explanatory dictionary of key terms (2009)
    Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
    Details Availability
    Description / Table of Contents: This one-stop reference is for those who need to understand key toxicological concepts in the light of increasing chemical regulations, Toxicology has never been more important. Advances in chemistry and technology offering improvements in the quality of human life become ever more rapid, bringing with them the potential for new toxicity hazards. This has led to legislation requiring toxicity testing and risk assessment for all chemicals and their uses. The new REACH (Risk Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals) Regulation has profound economic consequences because, without official authorization, a chemical cannot be marketed. This book explains, in depth, the ideas underlying current advances in toxicology and its application in regulating and ensuring the safe use of chemicals. Sometimes old ideas have become assumptions that have become embedded in related laws and regulation, even though the thinking of toxicologists has moved on in line with developments in science. This leads to confusion in public understanding that the book should dispel. There are also fundamental ideas in toxicology that are not well understood concerning the concepts of hazard and risk and even about what constitutes a chemical. For many people the word 'chemical' describes manmade substances only. In fact, it is correctly applied to all substances that exist, from pure elements to the most complex biological molecules in food and medicines. This is further complicated by the complex distinction between the descriptors, 'toxic' and 'nontoxic'. Developments in epigenetics are revolutionizing our understanding of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Improved understanding of apoptosis and necrosis leads to improved interpretation of potentially toxic effects at the cellular level. The recently defined term 'chemical speciation' is driving more targeted research on the toxicity of inorganic chemicals. This book explains the concepts implied by key toxicological terms using diagrams to illustrate the relationships between them. It is an essential aid to understanding the new demands from regulators of risk assessment and to the implementation of appropriate risk management
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 250 p , Online-Ressource
    Edition: RSC eBook Collection 1968-2009
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847559753
    DDC: 571.95
    Language: English
    Note: Ebook , Epublication based on: 9780854041572
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Metallothioneins and related chelators : Volume 5 (2009)
    Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Chelating Agents metabolism ; Heavy metals Toxicology ; Metal ions Physiological effect ; Metallothionein ; Metals, Heavy toxicity ; Metallothionein ; Chelate ; Metallion
    Description / Table of Contents: An essential resource for scientists working in a wide range of disciplines from environmental toxicology and inorganic biochemistry all the way through to physiology and medicine, These sulfur-rich chelators, being important in metal ion homeostasis, find increasing attention. MILS-5, written by 30 internationally recognized experts, focuses on this hot topic. The reader is supported by about 20 tables, more than 80 illustrations and nearly 2000 references. This book is an essential resource for scientists working in a wide range of disciplines from environmental toxicology and inorganic biochemistry all the way through to physiology and medicine
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (544 p) , 84 b&w, ill
    Edition: RSC eBook Collection 1968-2009
    ISBN: 1847559530 , 9781847559531
    Series Statement: Metal ions in life sciences 5
    URL: http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/eBooks/2009/9781847558992.asp
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847559531
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9781847559531.pdf
    RVK:
    VH 9750
    Language: English
    Note: Ebook , Chapter 1: METALLOTHIONEINS. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND OVERVIEW-- Chapter 2: REGULATION OF METALLOTHIONEIN GENE EXPRESSION-- Chapter 3: BACTERIAL METALLOTHIONEINS-- Chapter 4: METALLOTHIONEINS IN YEAST AND FUNGI-- Chapter 5: METALLOTHIONEINS IN PLANTS-- Chapter 6: METALLOTHIONEINS IN DIPTERA-- Chapter 7: EARTHWORM AND NEMATODE METALLOTHIONEINS-- Chapter 8: METALLOTHIONEINS IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS: FISH, CRUSTACEANS, MOLLUSCS, AND ECHINODERMS-- Chapter 9: METAL DETOXIFICATION IN FRESHWATER ANIMALS. ROLES OF METALLOTHIONEINS-- Chapter 10: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VERTEBRATE METALLOTHIONEINS-- Chapter 11: METALLOTHIONEIN-3, ZINC, AND COPPER IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM-- Chapter 12: METALLOTHIONEIN TOXICOLOGY: METAL ION TRAFFICKING AND CELLULAR PROTECTION-- Chapter 13: METALLTHIONEIN IN INORGANIC CARCINOGENESIS-- Chapter 14: THIOREDOXINS AND GLUTAREDOXINS. FUNCTIONS AND METAL ION INTERACTIONS-- Chapter 15: METAL ION-BINDING PROPERTIES OF PHYTOCHELATINS AND RELATED LIGANDS.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dental amalgam and mercury (1989)
    Springer
    BioMetals 2 (1989), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: Dental amalgam fillings ; Mercury ; Intraoral air ; Kidney ; Urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Mercury concentration in intraoral air and urine of seven females with dental amalgam was measured before and after intake of one hard-boiled egg. A considerable decrease in mercury concentration in intraoral air was found. Twenty women with about equal dental amalgam status, with or without subjective symptoms related to dental amalgam, were also studied. Mercury concentrations in intraoral air and urine were measured. For all the 27 women the basal intraoral air concentration of mercury ranged over 0.6–10.4 μg/m3 (median value 4.3 μg/m3). This corresponds to a release of 0.02–0.38 ng/s (median value 0.16 ng/s). In urine, the mercury concentration varied from 〈 0.8–6.9 μg/g creatinine (median value 1.9 μg/g creatinine). Data from both parameters were significantly correlated to the total number of teeth areas with dental amalgam. Protein values in urine indicated no renal damage. Maximum concentrations of mercury vapour in intraoral air for the 27 women who had chewed chewing gum for 5 min varied between 2–60 μg Hg/m3 (median value 19 μg Hg/m3). This corresponds to 0.07–2.20 ng Hg/s and a median value of 0.70 ng Hg/s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01116197
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cadmium concentration in blood in an elderly urban population (2000)
    Springer
    BioMetals 13 (2000), S. 311-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: cadmium ; blood pressure ; BMI ; cognitive function ; elderly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Concentration of cadmium in blood in an elderly population with a mean age of 87 years was studied in relation to age, blood pressure, BMI, cognitive function, gender and smoking. This population-based study consisted of 804 subjects both men and women. Clinical examination included medical and social history, physical and neurologic examination, and assessment of cognitive functions with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Information on prescription and non-prescription drug use was collected. Anti-hypertensive drugs included all medicines potentially used for treating high blood pressure. Blood pressure was measured. Whole blood from 763 subjects was analysed for cadmium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GFAAS) with Zeeman background correction and with a graphite furnace using the L'vov platform technique including quality control. Differences in cadmium concentrations were related to non- smokers (3.9 nmol/l), previous smokers (4.4 nmol/l) and current smokers (7.5 nmol/l). There were no relations between cadmium and age, blood pressure or cognitive functions. In conclusion, increased cadmium levels were found in smokers. A possible contribution from previous occupational exposure needs to be further evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009268123320
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