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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chromosomes Today : Volume 14. (2004)
    Dordrecht :Springer Netherlands,
    Details
    Keywords: Human genetics. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (271 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789401710336
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=3106624
    DDC: 572.8
    Language: English
    Note: CHROMOSOMES TODAY -- Editor's page -- Copyright -- Contents -- 1. Sex Chromosomes -- 1.1. Mammalian Sex Chromosome Evolution - The Rise and Fall of the Y Chromosome -- 1.2. Avian Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes -- 1.3. DMRT Genes and Sex Determination in Medaka -- 1.4. Evolution of the Y Chromosome in Primates -- 1.5. The Male Hypermethylation (MHM) Region on the Chicken Z Chromosome: Female-Specific Transcription and its Biological Implication -- 1.6. Neo-X and Neo-Y Chromosomes in Drosophila miranda -- 1.7. The X Chromosome Plays a Special Role During Speciation -- 1.8. Sex Chromosome Evolution: Evidence from Fish, Fly and Moth Species -- 2. Meiosis -- 2.1. Expression and Chromatin Binding Specificity of Ki-67 in Male and Female Meiosis of the Mouse -- 2.2. Conservation and Variability of Meiotic Processes - Lessons from the Unconventional Meiosis of C. elegans -- 2.3. Meiotic Chromosomes and Meiotic Mechanisms -- 2.4. The Nuclear Envelope at the Attachment Sites of Mammalian Meiotic Telomeres -- 2.5. Interphase Cytogenetics in Understanding Chromosome and Telomere Dynamics During Prophase I: Implications for Meiotic Telomere Movements -- 3. Cancer Cytogenetics -- 3.1. Molecular Cytogenetics in the Study of Cancer -- 3.2. Chromosomal Translocations in Leukaemia: Emerging Networks -- 4. Chromosome Structures -- 4.1. The EVO-DEVO of Pericentromeric DNA in the Mouse* -- 4.2. New Developments in Multicolour Fluorescence in situ Hybridization -- 4.3. Artificial Chromosomes - Past, Present and Future -- 4.4. Differential Demethylation of Paternal and Maternal Genomes in the Preimplantation Mouse Embryo: Implications for Mammalian Development -- 4.5. Integrated Comparative Genome Maps and Their Implications for Karyotype Evolution of Carnivores -- 4.6. Complex Relationships Between DNA Methylation Status and Chromosome Compaction and Cohesion. , 4.7. Constitutive Heterochromatin of Microtus agrestis: Molecular Organization and Genetic Activity in Mitotic and Meiotic Cells -- 5. Plant Cytogenetics -- 5.1. FISHing Repeated DNA Sequences in Beta Genomes -- 5.2. Interphase Cytogenetics in Plants.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    300 million years of conserved synteny between chicken Z and human chromosome 9 (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 21 (1999), S. 258-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Birds diverged from mammals 300–350 million years ago (Mya). In mammals, the male is the heterogametic sex (XY male and XX female) and 'maleness' is under the control of a testis-determining factor, SRY, located on the Y chromosome. In contrast, sex determination in birds operates through a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/6769
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple repetitive sequences are associated with differentiation of the sex chromosomes in the guppy fish (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 30 (1990), S. 456-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Chromosomal sex determination ; Heterochromatin ; “Junk” DNA ; DNA fingerprinting ; Oligonucleotide hydridization in situ
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Hybridization of restriction enzymedigested genomic guppy (Poecilia reticulata, Poeciliidae) DNA with the oligonucleotide probe (GACA)4 revealed a male-specific simple tandem repeat locus, which defines the Y chromosome in outbred populations. The related (GATA)4 probe identifies certain males with the red color phenotype. In contrast only in two out of eight laboratory guppy strains was the typical (GACA)4 band observed. By specific staining of the constitutive heterochromatin one pair of chromosomes could also be identified as the sex chromosomes, confirming the XX/XY mechanism of sex determination. All males exhibit Y chromosomes with a large region of telomeric heterochromatin. Hybridization in situ with nonradioactively labeled oligonucleotide probes localized the (GACA)n repeats to this heterochromatic portion. Together these results may be regarded as a recent paradigm for the differentiation of heteromorphic sex chromosomes from a pair of autosomes during the course of evolution. According to the fish model system, this may have happened in several independent consecutive steps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101117
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incorporation of subgenomic amounts of DNA as compensation for mutational load in a gynogenetic fish (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 373 (1995), S. 68-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Amazon Molly fish, P. formosa, is an all-female gynoform15 that depends on sperm of males of related bisexual species, P. mexicana or P. latipinna, for gynogenesis, that is, the sperm is needed to trigger embryogenesis physiologically (reviewed in ref. 16). Eggs are formed without meiosis17, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/373068a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of mouse homologue to yeast Cdc7 protein and chromosomal localization of the cognate mouse gene Cdc7l (1999)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 108 (1999), S. 26-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The Cdc7 kinase is required for the G1/S-phase transition during the cell cycle and plays a direct role in the activation of individual origins of replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we report the identification of a mouse cDNA, MmCdc7, whose product is closely related in sequence to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc7 as well as their human, Xenopus and Schizosaccharomyces pombe homologues. The MmCdc7p contains the conserved subdomains common to all protein-serine/threonine kinases and three kinase inserts that are characteristic of members of the Cdc7 protein family. We have mapped the locus of the MmCdc7 gene to chromosome 5, band 5E. Conservation of structures among members of the Cdc7-related proteins suggests that these proteins play a key role in the regulation of DNA replication during the cell cycle in all eukaryotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050348
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneities in the distribution of (GACA)n simple repeats in the karyotypes of primates and mouse (1990)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 85 (1990), S. 187-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tandemly organized simple repetitive sequences are widespread in all eukaryotes. The organization of the simple tetrameric (GACA)n sequences at chromosomal loci has been investigated using in situ hybridization with chemically pure oligonucleotide probes. Both biotin- and digoxigenin-attached (GACA)4 probes reveal specific hybridization signals over the short arms of all acrocentric autosomes in man. In the other examined primates the NOR-bearing autosomes could be detected by in situ hybridization with (GACA)4, and a major concentration of the GACA simple repeats could be observed on the Y chromosome in the gibbon and mouse; the hybridization site in the gibbon Y chromosome coincides particularly with the silver-stainable NOR. In the past, accumulations of (GACA)n sequences were demonstrated mainly on vertebrate sex chromosomes. Therefore, the organization of GACA simple sequences is discussed in the context of their evolutionary potential accumulation and the possible linkage with the primate rDNA loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193194
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digoxigenated oligonucleotide probes specific for simple repeats in DNA fingerprinting and hybridization in situ (1989)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 82 (1989), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A fast, reproducible and non-hazardous technique for non-isotopic DNA fingerprinting is presented. The method is based on digoxigenated oligonucleotides, which are specific for simple repetitive DNA sequences. The use of digoxigenin/ anti-digoxigenin detection avoids many drawbacks inherent in e.g. the biotin/streptavidin system which often causes a poor signal-to-background ratio. Synthesis and purification of digoxigenated oligonucleotides and their use in filter hybridization are described in detail. Hybridization patterns obtained with four different radioactively labeled oligonucleotides have been compared with those of the respective digoxigenated probes. When slightly less stringent hybridization conditions are applied for digoxigenated oligonucleotides than for those labeled with 32P, the signal intensities are satisfying but additional minor bands occur as a result of the reduced strigency. With one explainable exception, these bands increase the information content of the fingerprint. In addition, hybridization of the digoxigenated (CAC)5 probe has been performed in situ with human metaphase chromosomes. The hybridization patterns in many mitoses resemble R-bands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291160
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and patterns of synapsis of the autosomally translocated Y-chromosome of the Indian mongoose, Herpestes auropunctatus (Hodgson) (1982)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 87 (1982), S. 477-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The multiple sex chromosome system, X1X2Y ♂/X1X1X2X2♀, in the small Indian mongoose, Herpestes auropunctatus, results from a translocation of a part of Y chromosome to an autosome. It is not possible to distinguish the autosome which harbours the Y chromosome element in the somatic complement. By employing the surface-spreading technique to prophase I meiocytes we have identified the region to which the Y chromosome has been translocated as the short arm of chromosome 9 which is a subtelocentric chromosome. This Y chromosome component lacks heterochromatin and no sex vesicle is organised during meiotic prophase. This suggests to us that Y heterochromatin in mammals may be required for the production of a sex vesicle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00333469
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mammalian sex chromosomes (1986)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 93 (1986), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The X and Y chromosomes of the musk shrew are the two largest in the complement and they regularly form a single chiasma during meiosis. This chiasma is located in the short arms of the X and Y, both of which show partial C-banding at meiosis. The in vitro incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine/tritiated thymidine during late S reveals that the non-C-band region of the Y finishes replication later than the C-band positive heterochromatin. During meiosis, the sex bivalent opens out early in pachytene to reveal a single chiasma which persists until late metaphase-I. In surface-spread, silver-stained meiocytes, the sex bivalent morphology changes from a phase of extensive pairing to one which includes a visible chiasma through a brief diffuse stage. Observations on C-banded meiocytes show a shift in the sex pair from a C-band positive to a negative state as compared to their corresponding somatic pattern. Comparable changes are also observed in the sex bivalents of other mammals which undergo a chiasmatic exchange. This suggests that in addition to pairing homology, an alteration in the chromatin configuration may be necessary for crossing over to occur between the sex chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00327596
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple GA C T A repeats characterize the X chromosomal heterochromatin of Microtus agrestis, European field vole (Rodentia, Cricetidae) (1988)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 96 (1988), S. 213-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The sex chromosomes of Microtus agrestis are extremely large due to the accumulation of constitutive heterochromatin. We have identified two prominent satellite bands of 2.0 and 2.8 kb in length after HaeIII and HinfI restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA, respectively. These satellites are located on the heterochromatic long arm of the X chromosome as shown using Microtus x mouse somatic cell hybrids. By in-gel hybridization with oligonucleotide probes, the organization of the two satellites was studied: among the many copies of the simple tandem tetranucleotide repeat GATA are interspersed rare single GACA tetramers. One of the satellites also harbours related GGAT simple tandem repeats. In situ hybridizations with plasmid-carried or oligonucleotide GA C T A probes show clustered silver grains on the long and short arm of the X chromosome. Interspersion of differently organized (GATA)n elements is also demonstrable in the autosomal complement and on the Y chromosome. These results are discussed in the context of the evolution of vertebrate sex chromosomes in relation to heterochromatin and simple repetitive DNA sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302360
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