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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of spinal metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the development of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 94 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It is well known that prolonged exposure to morphine results in tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception. In the present study, we found that either intrathecal (i.t.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of the selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonist, methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine hydrochloride (MPEP), attenuated the development of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception. Using the receptor binding assay, we found here that the number of mGluR5 in the mouse spinal cord was significantly increased by repeated treatment with morphine. Furthermore, repeated treatment with morphine produced a significant increase in the level of mGluR5 immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of the mouse spinal cord. Double-labeling experiments showed that the increased mGluR5 was predominantly expressed in the neurons and sparsely expressed in the processes of astrocytes following repeated treatment with morphine. Consistent with these results, the response of Ca2+ to the selective group I mGluR agonist, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), in cultured spinal cord neurons was potently enhanced by 3 days of in vitro treatment with morphine. These findings support the idea that the increased mGluR5 following repeated treatment with morphine leads to enhanced neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and, in turn, suppresses the morphine-induced antinociception in mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03296.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutamatergic neurotransmission and protein kinase C play a role in neuron–glia communication during the development of methamphetamine-induced psychological dependence (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Methamphetamine (METH) is a strongly addictive psychostimulant that dramatically affects the central nervous system (CNS). On the other hand, protein kinase C (PKC) plays a major role in cellular regulatory and signalling processes that involve protein phosphorylation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of neuronal and astrocytic PKC in changes in the central glutamatergic system induced by METH. We show here that in vitro treatment with METH caused the phosphorylation of both neuronal and astrocytic PKC and the activation of astrocytes in cortical neuron/glia co-cultures. Treatment of cortical neuron/glia co-cultures with either the PKC activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) or glutamate also caused the PKC-dependent activation of astrocytes. The PKC inhibitor chelerythrine suppressed the Ca2+ responses to glutamate in both cortical neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, a low concentration of PDBu significantly enhanced the Ca2+ responses to glutamate, but not to dopamine, in both cortical neurons and astrocytes. Notably, treatment with METH also enhanced the Ca2+ responses to glutamate in cortical neurons. The activation of astrocytes induced by METH was also reversed by co-treatment with glutamate receptor antagonists (ifenprodil, DNQX or MPEP) in cortical neuron/glia co-cultures. In the conditioned place preference paradigm, intracerebroventricular administration of glutamate receptor antagonists (ifenprodil, DNQX or MPEP) attenuated the METH-induced rewarding effect. These findings provide evidence that the changes in PKC-dependent neuronal and astrocytic glutamatergic transmission induced by METH may, at least in part, contribute to the development of psychological dependence on METH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04325.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Skin irritation due to repetitive application of adhesive tape: the influence of adhesive strength and seasonal variability (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Skin research and technology 11 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0846
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/purpose: Influence of the repetitive application of pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes on skin was evaluated.Methods: Two kinds of tapes with different adhesive strengths were repetitively applied to the inside of the forearm of six volunteers in winter and summer, in order to examine the dermal peeling force, the amount of stripped corneocytes, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration and deepened skin furrows (changes in skin surface topography) in the epidermal stratum corneum.Results and conclusion: As adhesive tapes were applied repetitively, dermal peeling force gradually increased while the amount of stripped corneocytes decreased. As the cumulative amount of stripped corneocytes increased with repetitive applications, the skin irritation worsened as measured by increased destruction of the skin surface topography and TEWL. These phenomena were more marked with the stronger adhesive tape, and there was seasonal variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2005.00088.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aharonov-Bohm scattering by vortices of dimensionally-reduced Yang-Mills field (1992)
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 42 (1992), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract If two dimensions of six-dimensional space-time are compactified, a topological configuration of Yang-Mills gauge field appears as a cosmic string in four dimensions, whose thickness is of the same order as the size of the compact space. We consider scattering of low-energy fermions by this object.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598425
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence analysis of semidwarfism-related proteins in rice (1992)
    Springer
    The protein journal 11 (1992), S. 425-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01673786
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, polymerization, copolymerization, and transition-metal coordination of 4-(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridin-4′-yl)styrene and its polymers and copolymers (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 1309-1319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Homopolymer 5 from 4-(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridin-4′-yl)styrene (4) and copolymers 6-8 from 4 and styrene, vinyl acetate, or acrylic acid were prepared by radical-initiated polymerization with 2,2′-azoisobutyronitrile. These polymers containing pendent 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridinyl ligands readily formed monotridentate complexes with FeCl2, NiCl2, and CuCl2. By reaction of copolymer 6 with 4′-(p-tolyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridyliron(III) trichloride or 4′-(p-tolyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridylruthenium(III)) trichloride in the presence of ammonium hexafluorophosphate yielded polymer-metal complexes 11a, 11b containing the corresponding bistridentate complexes. A cyclic voltammogram of 11a containing a bis(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridyl)iron(II) complex showed characteristic Fe2+/Fe3+ redox couples at + 1,12 V vs. saturated calomel electrode, which was also observed as a reversible color change between purple and colorless.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930607
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid PCR-aided selection of a rice line containing the Rf-1 gene which is involved in restoration of the cytoplasmic male sterility (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterility ; genetic diagnosis ; hybrid rice seeds ; molecular marker-assisted breeding ; restore gene ; RFLP linkage map
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is widely known in higher plants, the mechanism of which is believed to involve incompatibility between nuclei and cytoplasms. In rice lines with the CMS trait, fertility is restored by the aid of a nuclear-encoded gene, Rf-1, whose locus has been determined in chromosome 10. We found a particular PCR-amplified fragment, designated fL601, that specifically amplified using the DNAs from Rf-1 lines tested as templates. RFLP mapping of the fL601 locus revealed that there are two loci for the fL601, and that both are tightly linked to the Rf-1 locus. Progeny analysis also showed high frequency of their co-segregation. Southern analysis of the genomic DNA demonstrated that the Rf-1 lines shared a unique sequence in the fL601 region. These results enabled us to construct a system for specific detection of the corresponding regions. Utilizing this detection system, we established a simple PCR-mediated selection method for the Rf-1 lines, which may facilitate the breeding for hybrid rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009601007175
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of zincl-carnosine on gastric mucosal and cell damage caused by ethanol in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 35 (1990), S. 559-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: zinc ; zincl-carnosine ; gastric mucosa ; prostaglandin ; indomethacin ; cytoprotection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of zincl-carnosine on ethanol-induced damage and the correlation of these effects with endogenous prostaglandin E2 were evaluated in rat gastric mucosain vivo andin vivo. When given either intragastrically or intraperitoneally, zincl-carnosine (10 or 30 mg/kg) prevented gross visible damage to gastric mucosa caused by ethanol without affecting the mucosal prostaglandin E2 level. This protective effect of zincl-carnosine was not inhibited by indomethacin. Histological assessment showed that zincl-carnosine inhibited deep mucosal necrosis, as did 16,16-dimethyl-prostaglandin E2. Zincl-carnosine (10−6 or 10−5 M) inhibited the damage caused by ethanol to gastric cells isolated from rat gastric mucosain vivo; this effect was not inhibited by indomethacin. The results suggested that zincl-carnosine protects the gastric mucosa and enhances cellular resistance to ethanol without the mediation of endogenous prostaglandins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540402
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electropolymerization and characterization of terpyridinyl iron (II) and ruthenium (II) complexes (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 35 (1994), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: electropolymerization ; terpyridinyl metal complex ; cyclic voltammogram ; electrochromism ; photocurrent ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Electroactive 2,2′: 6,2″-terpyridinyl ligands (3, 5, 6) and their iron(II) (7a-9a) and ruthenium(II) complexes (7b-9b) were synthesized. Bis[3-(aminophenyl)-2,2′ :6,2″-terpyridinyl]metal(II) complexes (7a, 7b) and bis[2-(hydroxyphenyl)-2,2′ :6,2″-terpyridinyl]metal(II) complexes (8a, 8b) were electropolymerized on to the surface of Pt or In-SnO2 (ITO) electrodes in acetonitrile containing Bu4NCIO4 by scanning the potential between O and + 1.6V (for 7a and 7b), and -0.8 and +1.6V (for 8a and 8b) versus saturated calomel electrode. The electrodes obtained by electropolymerization exhibited reversible electrochromism based on Fe(II)/Fe(III) or Ru(II)/Ru(III) redox couple. Photoresponses to visible light were found in the modified electrode obtained by electropolymerization of ruthenium complex 7b in an aqueous LiClO4 solution containing methylviologen (cation MV2+) under an O2 atmosphere. The mechanism for the photoresponded cathodic current was explained in terms of an excitation of bis(terpyridinyl)ruthenium(II) complex [Ru(terpy)22+] by visible light, an electron transfer from the excited state [Ru(terpy)2+*2] to MV2+, reduction of Ru(terpy)3+2 at an electrode, and oxidation of MV+* with O2.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210350303
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  • 10
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    Genetic recombination between stromal and cancer cells results in highly malignant cells identified by color-coded imaging in a mouse lymphoma model (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-18
    Description: The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes tumor growth and metastasis. We previously established the color-coded EL4 lymphoma model with red fluorescent protein expressing EL4 implanted in transgenic C57BL/6 green fluorescent protein (GFP) mice. Color-coded imaging of the lymphoma tumor suggested an important role of stromal cells in lymphoma progression and metastasis. In the present study, we used color-coded imaging of RFP-lymphoma cells and GFP stromal cells to identify yellow-fluorescent recombinant cells appearing only during metastasis. The EL4-RFP lymphoma cells were injected subcutaneously in C57BL/6-GFP transgenic mice and formed subcutaneous tumors 14 days after cell transplantation. The subcutaneous tumor was harvested and immediately transplanted to the abdominal cavity of nude mice. Metastases to the liver, perigastric lymph node, ascites, bone marrow, and primary tumor were imaged. In addition to EL4-RFP cells and GFP-host cells, recombinant yellow-fluorescent cells, were observed only in the ascites and bone marrow. These results indicate genetic exchange between the stromal and cancer cells. Possible mechanisms of genetic exchange are discussed as well as its ramifications for metastasis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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