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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron powder diffraction study of tantalum tungstate, Ta2WO8 (1979)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 35 (1979), S. 1202-1205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740879005896
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron powder diffraction study of the intermediate-temperature form of lithium tantalum oxide (1977)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 33 (1977), S. 3945-3947 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740877012540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical and structural properties of taurine and taurine analogues (1997)
    Springer
    Amino acids 13 (1997), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Taurine ; pKa ; LogP ; Molecular modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a variety of mammalian species it has been established that taurine is a necessary component of the visual system, however, the exact mechanism(s) as to the function of taurine is(are) elusive. Additionally, taurine is speculated to be a membrane stabilizer by interacting with phospholipids and a regulator of protein phosphorylation. Therefore the inhibition by taurine and taurine analogues of the phosphorylation of an ≈20 kDa protein present in the mitochondrial fraction of the rat retina has been investigated using computational methods. Correlations between molecular weight, molecular volume, and calculated pKa values vs. IC50 values are reported. These data appear to support the hypotheses according to Lombardini and Props that the inhibition of the phosphorylation of an ≈20kDa protein by taurine and taurine analogues is dependent on (i) the critical distance between the nitrogen and sulfur atoms in the taurine moiety (S-C-C-N) of the analogue; (ii) the environment of the nitrogen atom in the taurine analogue (saturated ring vs. unsaturated ring); and (iii) the placement of both the sulfur and nitrogen atoms not being present simultaneously in the ring structure. Using computational methods we present results that support hypotheses (i) and (ii).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01373211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
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    Identification of a dimerization domain in TMEM16A [Biochemistry] (2013)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-17
    Description: Transmembrane proteins with unknown function 16 (TMEM16A) is a calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) important for neuronal, exocrine, and smooth muscle functions. TMEM16A belongs to a family of integral membrane proteins that includes another CaCC, TMEM16B, responsible for controlling action potential waveform and synaptic efficacy, and a small-conductance calcium-activated nonselective cation...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 5
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    The Role of BPTF in Melanoma Progression and in Response to BRAF-Targeted Therapy (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-26
    Description: Background: Bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor (BPTF) plays an important role in chromatin remodeling, but its functional role in tumor progression is incompletely understood. Here we explore the oncogenic effects of BPTF in melanoma. Methods: The consequences of differential expression of BPTF were explored using shRNA-mediated knockdown in several melanoma cell lines. Immunoblotting was used to assess the expression of various proteins regulated by BPTF. The functional role of BPTF in melanoma progression was investigated using assays of colony formation, invasion, cell cycle, sensitivity to selective BRAF inhibitors, and in xenograft models of melanoma progression (n = 12 mice per group). The biomarker role of BPTF in melanoma progression was assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: shRNA-mediated BPTF silencing suppressed the proliferative capacity (by 65.5%) and metastatic potential (by 66.4%) of melanoma cells. Elevated BPTF copy number (mean ≥ 3) was observed in 28 of 77 (36.4%) melanomas. BPTF overexpression predicted poor survival in a cohort of 311 melanoma patients (distant metastasis-free survival P = .03, and disease-specific survival P = .008), and promoted resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma cell lines. Metastatic melanoma tumors progressing on BRAF inhibitors contained low BPTF-expressing, apoptotic tumor cell subclones, indicating the continued presence of drug-responsive subclones within tumors demonstrating overall resistance to anti-BRAF agents. Conclusions: These studies demonstrate multiple protumorigenic functions for BPTF and identify it as a novel target for anticancer therapy. They also suggest the combination of BPTF targeting with BRAF inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy for melanomas with mutant BRAF.
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2105
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) protein dissection creates a set of functional pore-only proteins [Biophysics and Computational Biology] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-27
    Description: Many voltage-gated ion channel (VGIC) superfamily members contain six-transmembrane segments in which the first four form a voltage-sensing domain (VSD) and the last two form the pore domain (PD). Studies of potassium channels from the VGIC superfamily together with identification of voltage-sensor only proteins have suggested that the VSD and the PD can fold independently. Whether such transmembrane modularity is common to other VGIC superfamily members has remained untested. Here we show, using protein dissection, that the Silicibacter pomeroyi voltage-gated sodium channel (NaVSp1) PD forms a stand-alone, ion selective pore (NaVSp1p) that is tetrameric, α-helical, and that forms functional, sodium-selective channels when reconstituted into lipid bilayers. Mutation of the NaVSp1p selectivity filter from LESWSM to LDDWSD, a change similar to that previously shown to alter ion selectivity of the bacterial sodium channel NaVBh1 (NaChBac), creates a calcium-selective pore-only channel, CaVSp1p. We further show that production of PDs can be generalized by making pore-only proteins from two other extremophile NaVs: one from the hydrocarbon degrader Alcanivorax borkumensis (NaVAb1p), and one from the arsenite oxidizer Alkalilimnicola ehrlichei (NaVAe1p). Together, our data establish a family of active pore-only ion channels that should be excellent model systems for study of the factors that govern both sodium and calcium selectivity and permeability. Further, our findings suggest that similar dissection approaches may be applicable to a wide range of VGICs and, thus, serve as a means to simplify and accelerate biophysical, structural, and drug development efforts.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    Hypervirulent Group A Streptococcus of Genotype emm3 Invades the Vascular System in Pulmonary Infection of Mice [Molecular Pathogenesis] (2018)
    The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-23
    Description: Natural mutations of the two-component regulatory system CovRS are frequently associated with invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) isolates and lead to the enhancement of virulence gene expression, innate immune evasion, systemic dissemination, and virulence. How CovRS mutations enhance systemic dissemination is not well understood. A hypervirulent GAS isolate of the emm 3 genotype, MGAS315, was characterized using a mouse model of pulmonary infection to understand systemic dissemination. This strain has a G1370T mutation in the sensor kinase covS gene of CovRS. Intratracheal inoculation of MGAS315 led to the lung infection that displayed extensive Gram staining at the alveolar ducts, alveoli, and peribronchovascular and perivascular interstitium. The correction of the covS mutation did not alter the infection at the alveolar ducts and alveoli but prevented GAS invasion of the peribronchovascular and perivascular interstitium. Furthermore, the covS mutation allowed MGAS315 to disrupt and degrade the smooth muscle and endothelial layers of the blood vessels, directly contributing to systemic dissemination. It is concluded that hypervirulent emm 3 GAS covS mutants can invade the perivascular interstitium and directly attack the vascular system for systemic dissemination.
    Print ISSN: 0019-9567
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5522
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
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  • 8
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    Null Mutations of Group A Streptococcus Orphan Kinase RocA: Selection in Mouse Infection and Comparison with CovS Mutations in Alteration of In Vitro and In Vivo Protease SpeB Expression and Virulence [Molecular Pathogenesis] (2016)
    The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-30
    Description: Group A Streptococcus (GAS) acquires mutations of the virulence regulator CovRS in human and mouse infections, and these mutations result in the upregulation of virulence genes and the downregulation of the protease SpeB. To identify in vivo mutants with novel phenotypes, GAS isolates from infected mice were screened by enzymatic assays for SpeB and the platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase Sse, and a new type of variant that had enhanced Sse expression and normal levels of SpeB production was identified (the variants had a phenotype referred to as enhanced Sse activity [Sse A+ ] and normal SpeB activity [SpeB A+ ]). Sse A+ SpeB A+ variants had transcript levels of CovRS-controlled virulence genes comparable to those of a covS mutant but had no covRS mutations. Genome resequencing of an Sse A+ SpeB A+ isolate identified a C605A nonsense mutation in orphan kinase gene rocA , and 6 other Sse A+ SpeB A+ isolates also had nonsense mutations or small indels in rocA . RocA and CovS mutants had similar levels of enhancement of the expression of CovRS-controlled virulence genes at the exponential growth phase; however, mutations of RocA but not mutations of CovS did not result in the downregulation of speB transcription at stationary growth phase or in subcutaneous infection of mice. GAS with RocA and CovS mutations caused greater enhancement of the expression of hasA than spyCEP in mouse skin infection than wild-type GAS did. RocA mutants ranked between wild-type GAS and CovS mutants in skin invasion, inhibition of neutrophil recruitment, and virulence in subcutaneous infection of mice. Thus, GAS RocA mutants can be selected in subcutaneous infections in mice and exhibit gene expression patterns and virulences distinct from those of CovS mutants. The findings provide novel information for understanding GAS fitness mutations in vivo , virulence gene regulation, in vivo gene expression, and virulence.
    Print ISSN: 0019-9567
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5522
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
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  • 9
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    On the NASA GEDI and ESA CCI biomass maps: aligning for uptake in the UNFCCC global stocktake (2023)
    In:  Environmental Research Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Description: Earth Observation data are uniquely positioned to estimate forest aboveground biomass density (AGBD) in accordance with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) principles of 'transparency, accuracy, completeness, consistency and comparability'. However, the use of space-based AGBD maps for national-level reporting to the UNFCCC is nearly non-existent as of 2023, the end of the first global stocktake (GST). We conduct an evidence-based comparison of AGBD estimates from the NASA Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation and ESA Climate Change Initiative, describing differences between the products and National Forest Inventories (NFIs), and suggesting how science teams must align efforts to inform the next GST. Between the products, in the tropics, the largest differences in estimated AGBD are primarily in the Congolese lowlands and east/southeast Asia. Where NFI data were acquired (Peru, Mexico, Lao PDR and 30 regions of Spain), both products show strong correlation to NFI-estimated AGBD, with no systematic deviations. The AGBD-richest stratum of these, the Peruvian Amazon, is accurately estimated in both. These results are remarkably promising, and to support the operational use of AGB map products for policy reporting, we describe targeted ways to align products with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines. We recommend moving towards consistent statistical terminology, and aligning on a rigorous framework for uncertainty estimation, supported by the provision of open-science codes for large-area assessments that comprehensively report uncertainty. Further, we suggest the provision of objective and open-source guidance to integrate NFIs with multiple AGBD products, aiming to enhance the precision of national estimates. Finally, we describe and encourage the release of user-friendly product documentation, with tools that produce AGBD estimates directly applicable to the IPCC guideline methodologies. With these steps, space agencies can convey a comparable, reliable and consistent message on global biomass estimates to have actionable policy impact.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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