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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-compensated 2:17-type permanent magnets with improved magnetic properties (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 4975-4977 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Computer programs have been developed to predict temperature coefficients of saturation magnetization for (Sm1−xGdx)2Tm17 magnets with higher Fe content from temperature-dependent magnetic properties of single rare-earth compositions. Very good agreement was obtained between the calculated and measured data. The composition Sm0.54Gd0.46 (Co0.63Fe0.29Cu0.06Zr0.02)7.69 exhibits a nearly zero temperature coefficient of magnetization from −60 to 150 °C. Its maximum energy product remains 16–17 MGOe in the temperature range of 20–200 °C. A room-temperature energy product of 19 MGOe was attained for the composition Sm0.55Gd0.45(Co0.608Fe0.316Zr0.02)7.72.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344721
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties and microstructure of light rare earth substituted 2:17 magnets : 35TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS San Diego, California (USA) 29 Oct−1 Nov 1990 (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5853-5855 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Partial substitution of light rare earths (LRE) for Sm in 2:17 magnets improves the remanence, maximum energy product and the loop squareness without affecting their Curie temperature and the temperature dependence of 4πMs. Uniform, single-phased microstructures were obtained for LRE substituted magnets after heat treatment. Heat treated metallographic specimens revealed striations on the etched surfaces parallel within each grain and perpendicular to the c axis of the magnet alloy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348937
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of sintered and reground Nd-Fe-B alloys with Co, Dy and Al substitutions for use in bonded magnets : 35TH Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials San Diego, California (USA) 29 Oct−1 Nov 1990 (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5498-5500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Crushing sintered Nd-Fe-B into coarse powders quickly destroys their coercivity and alignability in a magnetic field, making them useless for bonded magnets. But a double anneal of 890 °C/1 h plus 570 °C/1 h can largely restore these properties for particles (approximately-greater-than)200 μm. Alloys modified with two or more of Co, Dy, and Al additions suffer much lower Hci and Hk losses during grinding. They also respond favorably to annealing, but less than the ternary alloy. Sintered magnets of four compositions were prepared in many size fractions between ∼50 and 1600 μm and demagnetization curves measured as-crushed, after single and double anneals. Powders of alloys (Nd0.88Dy0.12)(Fe0.8−xCo0.12B0.08 Alx)5.5, where x=0.012 and 0.036, retain Hci values above 10 kOe down to ∼200 μm and could be quite useful in bonded magnet fabrication. This paper reports detailed results for two selected compositions: the six-component alloy with x=0.012 and ternary Nd-Fe-B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347979
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Irreversible flux losses of Nd-Fe-B magnets at elevated temperatures: Errors due to sample geometry (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5522-5524 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Irreversible flux losses during thermal cycling or aging are commonly measured in open circuit on axially magnetized cylinders or square prisms. The reported results are usually tied to a mean operating-point permeance P derived from a dimensional ratio for the sample on the often unstated assumption that definable demagnetizing factors exist for both geometries. Experimental results on several shapes of different Nd-Fe-type magnets show that this can be misleading. Prisms always show a significantly better apparent stability than cylinders of presumably equivalent P. This means that loss data from different sources cannot be easily compared. Investigators should always precisely describe the sample shapes and coil configurations they used. Dimensional ratio rather than just P should be specified. Standardization to tests on cylinders is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342323
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability of five sintered rare-earth–cobalt magnet types (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3984-3986 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Five commercially available magnet types—SmCo5, high- and low-coercivity Sm2(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)17, (Sm,Ce)(Co,Cu,Mn)7, and Ce(Co,Cu,Fe)5—were systematically studied to obtain a comprehensive overview of the following magnetic properties of interest to the user: reversible and irreversible losses during thermal cycling between 20 °C and 250 °C; open-circuit remanent flux loss during aging at 150 °C and 250 °C up to 2100 h, at permeances of p=−2.5 and −0.5. Room-temperature demagnetization curves before and after aging are compared to distinguish recoverable (magnetic) from irrecoverable (structural) aging effects. The Sm0.5Ce0.5(Co,Cu,Mn)7 magnets had the best long-term stability under all test conditions, followed by the high-Hc 2-17 and SmCo5. The low-Hc 2-17 exhibited the greatest absolute flux loss under all conditions, but it stabilized fairly well after 10 h, and the loss was recoverable by remagnetizing. In contrast, for Ce(Co,Cu,Fe)5 the losses continued up to 2100 h without a sign of flux stabilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340571
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of various alloying elements on modifying the elevated temperature magnetic properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3516-3518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of the alloying elements Co, Dy, Er, Al, and Nb on modifying the elevated temperature properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B–based permanent magnets have been studied in our laboratory. The results are summarized and analyzed. Small Nb additions increase coercivity and improve elevated temperature properties. Higher Nb additions lead to decomposition of the 2:14:1 phase into a 2:17 phase and a new magnetic phase with a Curie point around 350 °C. The effectiveness of Nb additions appears to be associated with the rare-earth content of the magnets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340727
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for domain wall pinning by a magnetic grain-boundary phase in sintered Nd-Fe-B based permanent magnets (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3321-3323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-field thermomagnetic analysis of sintered Nd(Dy)-Fe(Co)-B magnets provides new evidence that the high coercivity near room temperature is due to the pinning of residual domain walls in a ferromagnetic grain-boundary phase. The temperature where MHc drops to near zero appears to be the Curie point of that phase. It is 50–80 °C below the Tc of the 2-14-1 matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340824
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permanent magnet properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B between −40 and +200 °C (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4140-4142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Easy and hard-axis magnetization curves, and second quadrant demagnetization lines were measured on two early commercial Nd-Fe-B based pilot products at temperatures between −40 and +200 °C. Open-circuit flux losses during short-term heating were determined. The high-Hc grade 30-H shows generally better temperature stability of magnetic properties than the lower-coercivity grade 35. The (negative) temperature coefficients of Br, BHc, and (BH)max at 100 °C of Nd-Fe-B are approximately twice those of SmCo5, that of MHc is three times larger. After thermal demagnetization by cycling to the Curie temperature all losses are fully recoverable by remagnetizing. The required recharging field strength of previously field-demagnetized magnets can be reduced by the simultaneous application of field and heat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334645
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