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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of ICAM-1 and IL-6 in Myocardial Ischemia: Effect of Reperfusion (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 723 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb36732.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TAK1 is activated in the myocardium after pressure overload and is sufficient to provoke heart failure in transgenic mice (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature medicine 6 (2000), S. 556-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The transforming-growth-factor-β-activated kinase TAK1 is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family, which couples extracellular stimuli to gene transcription. The in vivo function of TAK1 is not understood. Here, we investigated the potential involvement of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/75037
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional cardiac imaging in mice using Ta–178 (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature medicine 5 (1999), S. 237-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Recent advances in genetic manipulations affecting the cardiovascular system in mice have produced promising new tools for studying cardiac pathophysiology and have in turn created a need for high–quality imaging in very small animals. For example, in assessing adaptations of genetically ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/5602
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation and function of cyclin T–Cdk9 (positive transcription elongation factor-b) in cardiac muscle-cell hypertrophy (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 8 (2002), S. 1310-1317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Hypertrophic growth is a risk factor for mortality in heart diseases. Mechanisms are lacking for this global increase in RNA and protein per cell, which underlies hypertrophy. Hypertrophic signals cause phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain, required for transcript elongation. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm778
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of early reperfusion in the induction of adhesion molecules and cytokines in previously ischemic myocardium (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 147 (1995), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: myocardial reperfusion injury ; myocardial infarction ; interleukin-6 ; interleukin-8 ; cell adhesion molecules ; neutrophils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our studiesin vitro demonstrate that neutrophil mediated injury of isolated cardiac myocytes requires the presence of ICAM-1 on the surface of the myocyte and CD11b/CD18 activation on the neutrophil. In post-ischemic cardiac lymph, there is rapid appearance of C5a activity during the first hours of reperfusion. Interleukin-6 activity is present throughout the first 72 h of reperfusion and is sufficient to induce ICAM-1 on the surface of the cardiac myocyte.In situ hybridization studies suggest that ICAM-1 mRNA is found in viable myocardial cells on the edge of the myocardial infarction within 1 h of reperfusion. ICAM-1 protein expression on cardiac myocytes is seen after 6 h of reperfusion, and increases thereafter. Non-ischemic tissue demonstrates no early induction of ICAM-1 mRNA or ICAM-1 protein on myocardial cells. In our most recent experiments, we have determined that reperfusion is an absolute requirement for the early induction of myocardial ICAM-1 mRNA in previously ischemic myocardial cells. To further assess this, we have cloned and sequenced a canine interleukin-6 (IL-6) cDNA. The data suggest that early induction of IL-6 mRNA is also reperfusion dependent as it could be demonstrated in the same ischemic and reperfused segments in which ICAM-1 mRNA was found. Peak expression of IL-6 mRNA occurred much earlier than that for ICAM-1 mRNA. Similar experiments were then performed with a molecular probe for interleukin-8 (IL-8). This chemokine is a potent neutrophil stimulant and has a higher degree of specificity for neutrophils than classic chemoattractants such as C5a. The results suggest a similar pattern of induction that occurs within the first hour and is markedly, increased by reperfusion. The relationship of reperfusion to ICAM-1 and cytokine induction is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00944777
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of the synthesis of the C-X-C chemokine interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 in experimental canine endotoxemia (2000)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 302 (2000), S. 365-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chemokine Lymphocyte Cytokine Endotoxin Macrophage colony-stimulating factor Tumor necrosis factor-α Interleukin-1β Endothelium Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Endotoxemia is associated with a systemic inflammatory response leading to organ-specific leukocyte recruitment and tissue injury. Chemokine expression has been demonstrated in various models of sepsis and may mediate tissue infiltration with inflammatory cells. In this study we examined expression of the C-X-C chemokine interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), a potent T-lymphocyte chemoattractant, in a canine model of endotoxemia and investigated mechanisms of cytokine-mediated IP-10 induction in endothelial cells. Control canine tissues showed negligible expression of IP-10 message, with the exception of the spleen. Endotoxemic dogs demonstrated a robust induction of IP-10 mRNA in the heart, lung, kidney, liver, and spleen. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that IP-10 was predominantly localized in cardiac venular endothelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells, renal mesangial cells, and in the splenic red pulp of endotoxemic dogs. In addition, IP-10 expression was associated with T-lymphocyte infiltration in canine tissues. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induced a marked upregulation of IP-10 message in canine venular endothelial cells. IP-10 expression in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells peaked at 6 h of stimulation and returned to baseline levels after 24 h. In addition, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) induced a dose-dependent induction of IP-10 mRNA in canine endothelial cells. M-CSF-mediated IP-10 expression peaked after 6 h of incubation and returned to baseline levels after 24 h. Canine endotoxemia is associated with a robust early expression of IP-10 in multiple tissues. IP-10 induction may be important in regulating lymphocyte recruitment and function. TNF-α, IL-1β, and M-CSF are potent inducers of IP-10 in canine endothelial cells and may indirectly mediate lymphocyte chemotaxis and activation in inflammatory processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410000274
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical and Morphological Characteristics of Canine Cardiac Mast Cells (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 31 (1999), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cardiac mast cells have been recently isolated and characterized in humans, however canine cardiac mast cells have not been investigated. The objective of this study is to describe the histological and morphological characteristics of canine cardiac mast cells and examine the potential usefulness of canine models in investigating the role of mast cells in cardiovascular pathology. Canine cardiac mast cells could be easily identified by staining with Toluidine Blue or FITC-avidin. Using Toluidine Blue staining, we demonstrated fewer mast cells in formalin-fixed samples than in specimens fixed in Carnoy's, thus identifying a formalin-sensitive mast cell population in the canine heart. Mast cells were equally distributed in atria and ventricles with approximately 50% showing a perivascular location. Using enzyme-histochemical techniques, we detected tryptase and chymase activity in canine cardiac mast cells. Ultrastructural studies identified mast cells as granular cells with an eccentric non-segmented nucleus. Immunohistochemistry with the macrophage specific antibody AM-3K demonstrated that resident cardiac macrophages were 1.9 times more numerous than mast cells, also showing a predominantly perivascular (60%) location. Perivascular macrophages were more often periarteriolar, whereas perivascular mast cells were more often located along small veins and capillaries. Due to their ability to release cytokines and growth factors and their strategic perivascular location, resident cardiac inflammatory cells, such as mast cells and macrophages, may be important in pathological processes causing myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, mast cell-derived chymase, an important angiotensin II-forming enzyme may have a significant role in regulating the cardiac renin-angiotensin system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003541332070
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Z-band lattice in skeletal muscle before, during and after tetanic contraction (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of muscle research and cell motility 7 (1986), S. 527-536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron micrographs and optical diffraction patterns of the Z-band were studied in rat soleus muscle fixed before, during, and after tetanic contraction. We compared the morphology (small square or basketweave pattern) and dimensions of the Z-lattice of control and tetanized muscles near rest length. Z-bands of muscle fixed at rest and of muscle allowed to rest after a tetanic contraction exhibited the small square pattern. Z-bands from muscle fixed during tetanic contraction exhibited the basketweave pattern. Concomitant with the transition to basketweave, we observed an average increase of 20% in spacing between the axial filaments of the Z-lattice. Optical diffraction measurements of the A-bandd 10 spacing revealed that the Z/A ratio remained constant during the transition. We have modelled the small square to basketweave transformation as resulting from a change of curvature of constant length cross-connecting Z-filaments when the axial filaments increase their separation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01753569
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